Marnay (Haute-Saône)
| Marnay | ||
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| region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | |
| Department | Haute-Saône | |
| Arrondissement | Vesoul | |
| Canton | Marnay (main town) | |
| Community association | Val Marnaysia | |
| Coordinates | 47 ° 17 ' N , 5 ° 46' E | |
| height | 189-324 m | |
| surface | 10.37 km 2 | |
| Residents | 1,481 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 143 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 70150 | |
| INSEE code | 70334 | |
| Website | http://www.marnay70.com/ | |
Marnay is a commune in the French department of Haute-Saône in the region Bourgogne Franche-Comté . It is the capital of the canton of Marnay in the arrondissement of Vesoul and the administrative seat of the communal association Communauté de communes du Val Marnaysien .
geography
Marnay is located at an altitude of 216 m above sea level, about 20 kilometers west-northwest of the city of Besançon (as the crow flies). The town extends in the south of the department, on the northern bank of the Ognon , which widens here like a lake and has several small islands, on the southwest edge of the Monts de Gy .
The area of the 10.37 km² large municipal area includes a section of the lower Ognon Valley. The southern border runs partly along the Ognon, partly a narrow strip of land to the left of the river belongs to Marnay. The Ognon flows here with several turns to the southwest through an alluvial plain , which has a width of about two kilometers and averages 200 m. From the course of the river, the community area extends northward over the valley floor and up the adjacent, gently sloping slopes that form the southwestern foothills of the Monts de Gy . These hills are mainly made up of tertiary sediments . While the areas near the valley are predominantly used for agriculture, the ridges are covered with forest. The north-western limit is at the height of the Bois du Mont (320 m). In the far north, the highest point of Marnay is reached on the Bois de Fays with 324 m.
Neighboring municipalities of Marnay are Cult and Avrigney-Virey in the north, Brussey in the east, Ruffey-le-Château and Burgille in the south and Chenevrey-et-Morogne in the west.
history
In Gallic times, the area around Marnay was inhabited by the Sequani , before the region came under Roman sovereignty in 52 BC. Various finds indicate a very early settlement in the municipality.
The first settlement developed on the right bank of the Ognon in the area of a river crossing and was later called Marnay-la-Ville. Towards the end of the 10th century, the residents chose the strategically better situated hill as a new settlement area. This is where the first castle was built and the settlement was named Marnay-le-Château and Marnay-le-Bourg. In the Middle Ages, Marnay belonged to the Free County of Burgundy and in it to the area of the Bailliage d'Amont . The Counts of Burgundy gave Marnay to their side branch, the Lords of Chalon, in the 12th century. They had the castle built and thus laid the foundation for the emergence of the Burgfleckens. In 1354, Jean de Chalon-Arlay gave Marnay town rights. Then the town was surrounded by a double wall belt. On the banks of the Ognon, businesses that relied on water power settled: mills, oil mills, sawmills and tanneries.
In 1361 rulership passed from the Chalon to the Montbéliard and in 1397 to the Neufchâtel. After the death of Charles the Bold , Duke of Burgundy, near Nancy in 1477, Marnay was taken over by the troops of the French King Louis XI. burned and devastated again in 1479. After Mary of Burgundy died in 1482, the inheritance fell to the House of Habsburg . In 1512, the Gorrevod family took control of Marnay, which marked the beginning of a long, quiet and economically prosperous period for the town. The lordship was elevated to marquisate in 1602.
During the Thirty Years' War , Marnay was besieged by troops of Duke Bernhard von Sachsen-Weimar in 1637 and partly set on fire. However, there was only minor destruction. The Carmelite monastery was founded in the 17th century. Together with Franche-Comté , Marnay finally came to France with the Peace of Nijmegen in 1678. After the Gorrevod family died out in 1681, the Marnay rule went to the Bauffremont family, who held it until the French Revolution .
Marnay became the capital of the canton of the same name founded in 1793. However, this was integrated into the canton of Pesmes in 1801 , but restored to its old borders in 1826. Marnay-le-Bourg and Marnay-la-Ville, which today consists of only a few houses, were united in 1801. With the opening of the railway line from Besançon to Gray in 1878, Marnay was connected to the French railway network. In 1894 the sideline from Marnay to Gy was inaugurated . As a result, a new commercial zone developed around the station district. Since 2002, Marnay has been the administrative seat of the communal association Communauté de communes de la Vallée de l'Ognon, which comprises 15 villages .
Attractions
Marnay has preserved the medieval townscape of a small town in Franche-Comté with a church, castle, various representative buildings and numerous town houses from the 16th to 18th centuries. The Saint-Symphorien church originally dates from the 12th century. Today, the 14th-century Gothic- style nave and bell tower are the oldest surviving structures, while the main facade was extensively restored and changed in the 17th century. The rich furnishings include paintings from the 15th century, a statue of the Blessed Virgin from 1530 and various statues from the 16th to 18th centuries.
The Hôtel de Santans is one of the most important secular buildings. It was built in the 16th century in the Renaissance style and served as a gendarmerie from 1873 to 1976, since then as the town hall. Various town houses are flanked by turrets, including the Tour Gambetta (16th century). Remains of the formerly mighty city fortifications have been preserved. The castle with originally 16 towers and a drawbridge was greatly expanded in the 16th century by the Gorrevod family.
population
| Population development | |
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| year | Residents |
| 1962 | 869 |
| 1968 | 1,026 |
| 1975 | 1,073 |
| 1982 | 1,175 |
| 1990 | 1,201 |
| 1999 | 1,287 |
With 1,415 inhabitants (2005), Marnay is one of the smaller communities in the Haute-Saône department. After the population in the first half of the 20th century had always been in the range between 770 and 860 people, a continuous population growth has been recorded since the beginning of the 1960s.
Economy and Infrastructure
Marnay, which lies on the road from Besançon to Gray, was early on a town characterized by trade and commerce and the processing of agricultural products in the area. The hydropower of the Ognon was previously used to operate mills, sawmills and tanneries. Today Marnay performs central functions for the surrounding area. There are various retail and service companies for daily needs. In the last few decades, smaller commercial and industrial zones have emerged on the outskirts. Companies from the plastics processing, construction and transport industries, precision mechanics and a window factory have settled here. Many workers are also commuters who go to work in the Besançon agglomeration. Marnay is the location of a college and a campsite. The 20 hectare water surface of the Ognon serves as a local recreation area.
The village is well developed in terms of traffic. It is on the main D67 road from Besançon to Gray. Since 1977 Marnay has been relieved of through traffic by a bypass. The closest connection to the A36 motorway is around 15 km away. Further road connections exist with Pesmes , Jallerange , Étuz and Gy. The operation of the railway lines has meanwhile been discontinued, so that Marnay is connected to the public transport network by bus lines.
