Reutlingen

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Reutlingen
Reutlingen
Map of Germany, position of the city of Reutlingen highlighted

Coordinates: 48 ° 29 '  N , 9 ° 13'  E

Basic data
State : Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region : Tübingen
County : Reutlingen
Height : 382 m above sea level NHN
Area : 87.06 km 2
Residents: 115,966 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density : 1332 inhabitants per km 2
Postcodes : 72760-72770
Primaries : 07121, 07072, 07127
License plate : RT
Community key : 08 4 15 061
LOCODE : DE REU
City structure: Core city and 12 districts with local rights

City administration address : 		Marktplatz 22
72764 Reutlingen
Website : www.reutlingen.de
Lord Mayor : Thomas Keck ( SPD )
Location of the city of Reutlingen in the Reutlingen district
Alb-Donau-Kreis Landkreis Biberach Landkreis Böblingen Landkreis Esslingen Landkreis Esslingen Landkreis Göppingen Landkreis Sigmaringen Landkreis Tübingen Zollernalbkreis Bad Urach Dettingen an der Erms Engstingen Eningen unter Achalm Gomadingen Grabenstetten Grafenberg (Landkreis Reutlingen) Gutsbezirk Münsingen Hayingen Hohenstein (Landkreis Reutlingen) Hülben Lichtenstein (Württemberg) Mehrstetten Metzingen Münsingen (Württemberg) Pfronstetten Pfullingen Pfullingen Pliezhausen Reutlingen Riederich Römerstein (Gemeinde) Sonnenbühl St. Johann (Württemberg) Trochtelfingen Walddorfhäslach Wannweil Zwiefaltenmap
About this picture

Reutlingen is a large city in the center of Baden-Württemberg . The former imperial city is the largest city and at the same time the district town of the Reutlingen district , located in its extreme northwest. It belongs to the Neckar-Alb region and the European metropolitan region of Stuttgart . Nearby is the medium- sized town of Tübingen (12 kilometers west), the nearest large cities are Stuttgart (31 kilometers north) and Ulm (57 kilometers east).

Reutlingen has been one of the nine major cities in Baden-Württemberg since 1989, and of these it is the only one that belongs to the district . With a good 115,000 inhabitants, it is the second largest city in the administrative district of Tübingen after Ulm . Around 280,000 people live in the Reutlingen-Tübingen agglomeration .

17.5 percent of the district of Reutlingen belong to the Swabian Alb biosphere area , which is why the city also calls itself the "gateway to the Swabian Alb ".

geography

Geographical location

View from the Achalm in a south-westerly direction to the old town of Reutlingen (April 2012)
View of Reutlingen-Mitte from the Georgenberg to the south
Katharinenstraße in the city center with a view towards the south on the Tübinger Tor

Reutlingen lies on a gravel terrace up to twelve meters thick, sloping from south to north, on the banks of the Echaz , which flows around the old town center in a slight curve in a north-westerly direction. The central foreland of the Swabian Alb around the city rises to the west and east of the Echaz valley flanked by Achalm ( 706.5  m above sea  level ) and Georgenberg ( 601.7  m above sea  level ) up to a height of 450 m. The lowest point in Reutlingen is 290 m in the Mittelstadt district , the highest point is 869.6  m above sea level. NHN is the Roßberg belonging to the Swabian Alb in the southernmost district of Gönningen .

Reutlingen and the surrounding area belong to the southern area of ​​the Stuttgart metropolitan region . Within the Neckar-Alb region , Reutlingen and the neighboring town of Tübingen to the west form one of the 14 regional centers in Baden-Württemberg.

Neighboring communities

Following the district of Reutlingen , the Esslingen district ¹ or to the district Tübingen ² belonging cities and municipalities border on the city Reutlingen (from the north clockwise ):

Pliezhausen , Neckartenzlingen ¹, Bempflingen ¹, Riederich , Metzingen , Eningen under Achalm , Pfullingen , Sonnenbühl , Mössingen ², Gomaringen ², Kusterdingen ², Wannweil and Kirchentellinsfurt ²

City structure

Reutlingen is divided into the core city (Reutlingen-Mitte) and 12 districts. These are formerly independent municipalities that were incorporated into Reutlingen between 1907 and 1975. For them, local law is laid down in the main statute of the city. (Also called district) Every town has a local administrator, the " district office " and a Ortschaftsrat that of the citizens of the village simultaneously with the local council is elected the city. These committees are to be heard on important matters affecting the respective district and elect a district mayor. However, all decisions are finally made by the local council.

The twelve localities or districts of the city of Reutlingen with their coats of arms:

For statistical purposes, “Reutlingen-Mitte” is further subdivided into city districts, the names of which are derived from the historical development or the buildings. They have no administrative significance. Here their names (some of them do not match the official names): Betzenried, Burgholz, Efeu , Georgenberg, Gmindersdorf , Hohbuch, Innenstadt, Katzensteg, Lerchenbuckel, Orschel-Hagen , Oststadt (Honauer Bahn), Ringelbach, Römerschanze, Schafstall, Storlach , Weststadt (Tübingen suburb), Voller Brunnen.

Be on Reutlinger urban area further comprises the historical sites: the Outbound , built probably after 1100 Burg Hugenberg in the district Bronnweiler who deserted villages Blauhof, Breitenbach, Kappishäuser and Rappertshofen which risen in the core city formerly royal-Württemberg domain Achalm and the homestead Gaisbühl.

history

Early days

The oldest traces of settlement in the urban area (Reutlingen-Mittelstadt) date from the Late Stone Age . Archaeological finds on the Achalm , a witness mountain in front of the Albtrauf , where excavations have been taking place since the 1970s, indicate permanent settlement in pre-Roman times. Excavations at "Rappenplatz" on the southern slope of the mountain showed that there was a lot of work there, especially during the late Urnfield period (10th / 9th century BC) and in the Celtic period (between the 6th and 4th century BC) was settled. Finds of Celtic graves in the city area (area Seestrasse and Nikolaikirche) confirm the more recent settlement period. Excavations in Betzingen and Sickenhausen attest to the presence of the Romans between the 2nd and 4th centuries AD. In addition, traces - mainly graves - from the Bronze Age in Gönningen and from the Hallstatt Age in Betzingen, Rommelsbach and Ohmenhausen were found.

Several Alemannic settlements in the 4th and 5th centuries in today's urban area can also be proven by grave finds. One of these settlements was presumably located near today's cemetery “Unter den Linden”. Even the name Reutlingen with the typical ending "-ingen" indicates an Alemannic foundation.

middle Ages

Reutlingen (Tübinger Forstlagererbuch) by Andreas Kieser

Around 1030, Count Egino began building a castle on the summit of the Achalm ( 706  m above sea level ), which his brother Rudolf completed. Of this structure, which began to fall apart in the 15th century and was completely razed during the Thirty Years' War , only rudimentary foundations exist today. It was demolished around 1650. Many stones were used as building material for town houses. In 1822 King Wilhelm I of Württemberg had a keep built as a lookout tower on the foundation walls of the old tower, from which one has a wide view over the city and the edge of the Swabian Alb and the Alb foreland . There was another castle near Altenburg , the Altenburg , which was owned by Count Werner von Achalm. This was already demolished around 1070.

The market square of Reutlingen, with the town's few early medieval stone houses (later a town house, office building and Königsbronner Hof)
"Reütlingen", copper engraving by Matthäus Merian from the Topographia Sueviae, which was created in 1643 and published in 1656

The place Reutlingen is mentioned for the first time in the Bempflingen contract , which is dated to 1089/1090. This comparison of inheritance between the Achalm counts Kuno and Liutold and their nephew Count Werner von Grüningen is documented for the first time in the Zwiefalter chronicle of the monk Ortlieb (1135/37). There a “Ruodolfus de Rutelingin” is named as a witness.

No contemporary sources have been preserved for the town elevation of Reutlingen. Instead, only later and partly contradicting chronicles are available. For this reason it is only certain that Reutlingen was elevated to an imperial city by 1240 at the latest. The oldest of these chronicles was written around 1292 by a minorite monk whose name was not known under the title Flores temporum . In a version in which he is called Hermannus Gygas, he reports in 1209 that Reutlingen had received civiles libertates (civil / urban freedoms) from Emperor Otto IV . Later Emperor Friedrich II fortified the city with a wall and moat.

However , there is no evidence of any sources whatsoever that the granting of market rights by Emperor Friedrich I. Barbarossa , which is also referred to in a memorial column erected on Reutlingen's market square in 1982, has been claimed on various occasions.

Staufer stele

The Reutlingers remained loyal to the Hohenstaufen after Pope Innocent IV declared Emperor Friedrich II deposed. At Pentecost 1247, supporters of Heinrich Raspe of Thuringia , who had already died at that time and who was anti -king of Friedrich's son, King Conrad IV , besieged the city, albeit without success. To commemorate this siege, a Staufer stele was erected in Zeughausstrasse in September 2018 . According to tradition, after they had overcome the danger, out of gratitude that their prayers had been answered, the people of Reutlingen began building St. Mary's Church . The besiegers had left behind a battering ram over thirty meters long , which was used to measure the length of the nave. The church, completed in 1343, is today a landmark of the city and one of the most important Gothic buildings in Württemberg. A replica of the battering ram is now outside the church next to the south tower.

The imperial freedom granted to Reutlingen was initially an extremely limited freedom. Legally as well as economically there was a close dependency on the Achalmvogt, to whom the city had to pay customs, taxes and other municipal income, who exercised low and high jurisdiction and appointed the mayor as the city's ruler. In 1262 Konradin , the last Staufer, pledged these rights to Count Ulrich I of Württemberg .

In 1337, Emperor Ludwig IV transferred the jurisdiction of the Rottweiler court and the other regional courts to the city with the so-called “privilegium fori” . The lower jurisdiction was now subject to the Reutlinger Schultheiss. The high or blood jurisdiction initially remained with the Achalm Vogt, it was not transferred to the imperial city until the 15th century. A legal peculiarity results from the privilege of the Reutlingen asylum granted by the emperor in 1495, according to which murderers who committed their deed without intent were guaranteed asylum protection in Reutlingen. (Almost 2,500 people made use of this by 1804.)

The first municipal constitution of 1343 guaranteed the rising stratum of craftsmen, who had come together in guilds , extensive political participation. The constitution of 1374 finally ended the domination of the patriciate, it was the basis of the democratic guild tradition until the end of the imperial city period. Only in the period between 1552 and 1576 did the urban oligarchy temporarily return to power after Charles V , who made the growing guilds responsible for the Reformation, ordered the city councils to have a so-called small council consisting of patricians appointed for life ( " Hasenrat ") should be assigned. Only in Ulm, Reutlingen, Überlingen and Pfullendorf was this abolished with imperial approval in the 1570s.

From the 1370s onwards, Eberhard turned massively against the imperial cities that stood in the way of the expansion of the Württemberg territory, especially since they had joined forces on a military level in 1376 to secure their freedom rights in the Swabian League of Cities . This alliance was opposed to the Löwenbund from 1379 , an association of the nobility against the cities to which Ulrich von Württemberg also belonged. Between Württemberg and Reutlingen, which belonged to the Bund from the beginning, a confrontation broke out on May 14, 1377. Ulrich was with a large number of knights at Achalm Castle when mercenaries from Reutlingen undertook a raid on Württemberg territory. (According to an old chronicle, the people of Reutlingen had “kidnapped the cow” from the Württemberg people.) Ulrich attacked them on their way back to the city, but after high losses - he himself was wounded - retired to the Achalm with his knights back. Even if Eberhard II even concluded a peace treaty with Reutlingen ("Ehinger Unification"), the disputes continued. They ended with the defeat of the Confederation in the Battle of Döffingen and its dissolution in 1388. Reutlingen, too, had to recognize the supremacy of Württemberg when the peace was concluded in 1389.

In the former imperial city of Reutlingen, a Jewish community is first mentioned around 1329. After the persecution of the Jews in 1347 and 1348, Charles IV granted the Reutlingen residents an amnesty in 1349 and handed over Jewish property to the Counts of Württemberg, who sold them to the city of Reutlingen. Jews settled in Reutlingen again around 1371 and Karl IV. In 1377 waived the remaining Jewish money for the city of Reutlingen. In 1424 the "Judengasse" was first mentioned, today's Rebentalstraße and a piece of the Kanzleistraße between Reutlinger Marktplatz and Oberamteistraße. An expulsion of the Jews probably took place before 1476, because Friedrich III. ordered the city of Reutlingen in 1476 to accept Jews again.

Maximilian I allowed the city of Reutlingen to expel the Jews in 1495 and 1516.

Reformation - Christian denominations in Reutlingen

August Stechert (1859–1933), Reutlingen, Marienkirche

After the start of the Lutheran Reformation , Reutlingen became a stronghold of Protestant doctrine in southwest Germany from 1519 under the formative influence of the Protestant pastor and preacher Matthäus Alber .

Interior view of St. Mary's Church, here on the occasion of the 500th anniversary of the Reformation in 2017

From 1519 Alber, who is sometimes called "Luther Swabia", preached in Reutlingen according to the teachings of Martin Luther . Until the 20th century, Reutlingen was a stronghold of Protestantism in the south-west of the German-speaking area. In 1529 the city belonged to the representatives of the Protestant minority ( Protestation ) at the Reichstag in Speyer . Their citizenship demanded the unhindered spread of the evangelical faith. Nuremberg and Reutlingen were the two free imperial cities in southern Germany that committed to Luther's teaching in 1530 by first signing the Confessio Augustana in Augsburg . The then mayor Jos Weiß signed the Augsburg Confession. Town clerk and syndic Lorenz Zyser (Zisar) signed the Lutheran formula of 1577 for the council of Reutlingen in 1579. For a long time the privilege of being able to acquire citizenship of the town was reserved for Protestants. Jews were completely banned from the city until the 1860s. Catholics were only tolerated as servants.

After joining the Duchy of Württemberg in 1802 (which became the Kingdom of Württemberg in 1806 ), the city received the seat of a deanery (see Reutlingen church district ) of the Evangelical Church in Württemberg . From 1824 there was a General Council or a General Superintendentur Reutlingen, which initially had its seat in Stuttgart. The latter became the prelature (also "Sprengel") Reutlingen in 1924, which is presided over by the prelate (" regional bishop ") who today has his seat in Reutlingen. All today's parishes in the Reutlingen city area belong to the deanery established in 1802 or the church district established later. Only the parishes Mittelstadt and Reicheneck belong to the church district Bad Urach-Münsingen .

Catholics returned to the city in the 19th century, but their numbers increased very slowly. In 1823 the first Catholic parish was founded. Around 1900, 1,700 of the 21,000 inhabitants were Catholic. In 1910 the constantly growing Catholic community consecrated their newly built St. Wolfgang Church. The members of the Catholic parishes today belong to the Reutlingen-Zwiefalten deanery of the Rottenburg-Stuttgart diocese . Before the Reformation, Reutlingen still belonged to the diocese of Constance .

Free imperial city

In the first half of the 16th century Reutlingen was under Emperor Maximilian I. an asylum for murderers who had acted without intent awarded. With the granting of this right, the development of the Free Imperial City was finally completed. With this status, Reutlingen had long had an autonomy that was only responsible for the emperor of the " Holy Roman Empire (German Nation) " , which was equivalent to its own constitutional status that existed until 1802. Reutlingen's market fountain with a statue of Maximilian II , erected around 1570, is a reminder to the present day of the granting of the relevant rights and their consolidation by Maximilian II.

Fire of the city, 1726 by Gabriel Bodenehr the Elder

On September 23, 1726, Reutlingen was hit by the greatest catastrophe in its history, when a city fire destroyed around 80% of the houses and most of the public buildings in 38 hours, leaving around 1200 families homeless; however, there were almost no fatalities. The Marienkirche was also badly damaged.

Connection to Württemberg

As a result of the Napoleonic hegemony in most of the countries of the Holy Roman Empire, the city became, against their resistance, part of the then Duchy and later Kingdom of Württemberg , whereby it lost the status of the Free Imperial City. Until then, the imperial city area included the town itself , the villages of Betzingen , Wannweil , Bronnweiler , Ohmenhausen , Stockach and Ziegelhausen. Gomaringen and Hinterweiler also belonged to the imperial city until 1648 , but both places were sold to Württemberg by the imperial city, which was over-indebted after the Thirty Years' War. In 1803, the city became the seat of the Württemberg Oberamt Reutlingen , and the imperial towns became independent communities. In the first few years after the founding of the Kingdom of Württemberg , the Oberamt was expanded a few times.

In 1840 Gustav Werner came to Reutlingen and opened a rescue facility for needy children and orphans, from which the very socially committed Gustav Werner Foundation emerged in 1881 .

After the imperial city era, the city ​​walls and towers originally built in the Staufer era and later reinforced and supplemented were torn down and the city ditches filled. The garden gate on Mauerstraße, Zwingerturm and Kesselturm on Zeughausplatz, town wall houses and ice tower (used as the town's ice cellar from 1877 to 1906) in Jos-Weiß-Straße and the Tübinger Tor on Stadtmauerstraße still come from this town fortification .

March Revolution and Industrialization

During the bourgeois March Revolution of 1848, according to the feeling of large parts of the citizenry, Reutlingen was still a humiliated city that was previously free. In relation to the situation in the Kingdom of Württemberg, where the revolution took a comparatively bloodless development because of King Wilhelm's early concessions , Reutlingen was at the forefront and sought a conflict with the unpopular Württemberg authorities.

On March 3, 1848 - at the beginning of the March Revolution - the people of Reutlingen met for a people's assembly at the Spitalhof and made the so-called “ March demands ” to King Wilhelm I. This active participation of Reutlingen in the Baden Revolution could be the cause of the decade delayed connection to the rail network of the Royal Württemberg State Railways , as the city and its population had fallen out of favor with the king. After the Plochingen railway line went into operation in 1859, the further expansion of the line in Reutlingen proceeded very quickly and intensively. Many people traveled to the nearby cities. But above all the economy in Reutlingen benefited from the railway connection - with the railway, industrialization also found its way. A regional specialty in traffic was the Büschlesbähnle , which drove from the neighboring municipality of Eningen to Reutlingen. The people of Eningen named their course after the popular kindling "the Büschle". The first steam engine drove to Reutlingen in 1899, and from 1912 it was replaced by an electric train. This train also went to parts of the city such as Rommelsbach and Altenburg.

The main industries that shaped Reutlingen were the machine, paper and textile industries . The industrialization of paper production began in Reutlingen in the 1830s on the Echaz . The previously used production method was much more strenuous and time-consuming. After a fire in the Reutlingen paper mill, the owner Gottlob Christian Braun decided to purchase a modern paper machine from England that enabled a faster and more efficient production process. This also increased productivity . This change also had disadvantages, because the knowledge of the experts who had previously made paper by hand, acquired in a long training, was no longer required. The tradition of textile production in Reutlingen goes back to the 14th century. At first it was done at home . With the first hand knitting machine, which came to Reutlingen in 1878, the work should be made easier and faster. Initially, such machines were occasionally lent to homeworkers by a publisher . This condition was short-lived, however, because the demand for the so-called “Boertlinsware” or the “Reutlingen article” had risen considerably. The world of work in Reutlingen changed with industrialization. Fewer consumer goods such as paper and textiles were made directly by hand. For this purpose, a machine industry was created, some of which still exists in Reutlingen today.

Heinrich Stoll and Co. was founded in Riedlingen in 1873 by the knitting machine manufacturer Heinrich Stoll and relocated to Reutlingen five years later. The left-left knitting machine resulted in greater work safety and greater precision. Despite further locations in different countries, the company is still represented in Reutlingen and exports its knitting machines worldwide. Emil Adolff moved his company to Reutlingen in 1877. The company manufactured hard paper spools. The high quality of the products ensured international success. The fast growing company played an important role in Reutlingen as it offered many people jobs. The Reutlinger Maschinenfabrik Burkhardt und Weber was founded in 1888 by the entrepreneurs Louis Burkhardt and Johannes Weber. Originally they produced shotguns, sewing machines and overcasting machines (sewing machines that sewed, cleaned and cut the fabric in one step). Today, various machines, machining centers and diesel engines are largely manufactured there. Friedrich List , the Reutlingen pioneer for free trade , was one of the people who shaped industrialization . Sustainable industrial development in Germany could not occur without protective tariffs, he later claimed in American exile.

National Socialist dictatorship

" View of Reutlingen " (around 1930), painting by Alice Haarburger , an artist born in Reutlingen who was murdered by the Nazis in the Latvian ghetto in Riga in 1942 because of her Jewish identity (exhibit from the special exhibition "Reutlingen - painted and drawn: Selected views" in the Reutlinger Heimatmuseum)

After the seizure of power of the Nazi party in 1933, Reutlingen walked quickly from a socialist embossed in one from Nazi -dominated city. The council and public administration was by the Nazis brought into line , occupied the union houses, dissolved workers' organizations. The NSDAP functionary Richard Dederer became mayor of the city and remained in office until the occupation by French troops in 1945.

During the dictatorship of National Socialism , some things changed in the traditional administrative structure of Württemberg : The Reutlingen district emerged in 1934 from the Reutlingen District Office. A year later, Reutlingen became a city district within the meaning of the German municipal code, but remained with the Reutlingen district. In 1938, the Reutlingen district (which existed in its old form until the end of 1972) was formed, which was expanded to include some communities from the dissolved Urach district .

Reutlingen became a garrison town in 1936 .

The first population group envisaged by the Nazi regime for systematic murder concerned those inmates of facilities for people with mental or psychological impairments who were described as “hereditary” or “feeble-minded” and thus “unworthy of life” . The exact number of those affected from Reutlingen who fell victim to the murders of the so-called Aktion T4 in 1940/41 can no longer be determined in concrete terms, as they were housed in several facilities for the disabled in Württemberg, and some were also abducted from the family. From the Reutlingen state welfare institution in Rappertshofen alone , 73 men and women were murdered in 1940 in the Grafeneck killing center , together with over 10,000 disabled people, mainly from Baden or Württemberg .

From the beginning, the ethnic and religious minorities living in Reutlingen, including around ten Sinti families and over 100 Reutlingen Jews, suffered from exclusion, and ultimately from persecution and even murder. Only after the introduction of the freedom of trade in the 1860s had some Jewish families resettled in Reutlingen after around 350 years of exile from the city. In the 1930s it was mainly business people among them who were hit by the boycott measures of the National Socialists. From the mid-1930s, the so-called “ Aryanization ” of Jewish companies also took place in Reutlingen . In 1942 there were officially no more Jews in the city. About 30 to 40 of them had emigrated before the Second World War , including the former owner of one of the largest retail department stores in the city center / market square, Samuel Kahn. Between 50 and 70 Jews from Reutlingen were deported to concentration camps and extermination camps in German-occupied Poland, where most of them were murdered in the Holocaust . Only eight of them are known to have survived imprisonment in the concentration camp. The Sinti living in Reutlingen, denigrated as " Gypsies ", were also affected. Most of them were murdered in the " Auschwitz Gypsy Camp " in August 1944 (see also Porajmos ).

Political Nazi opponents from Württemberg were often interned in the " protective custody camp " in Heuberg near Meßstetten , one of the first concentration camps of the Nazi regime, during 1933 . From there some were transferred to larger concentration camps after it was dissolved. Others who z. As before there was a legal process, came first in custody , including the former Reutlinger KPD -Bezirksvorsitzende and City Council member Fritz change that with leading due to its participation in the Mössinger general strike after a 4½-year program single sentence in the prison of Rottenburg temporarily in the Gestapo camp Welzheim and then to Was a prisoner in the Dachau concentration camp in 1943 , then served in the penalty battalion 999 until the end of the Second World War . Immediately after the war, he and Oskar Kalbfell , who, as an SPD member, belonged to the core of the later so-called “Reutlingen Resistance Group” around the assigned Nazi mayor Georg Allmendinger, played a decisive role in the democratic reconstruction of the city.

During the Second World War, several labor camps were set up in Reutlingen for a total of 3,950 people (around 10% of the then Reutlingen population) who had been deported to Germany and were doing forced labor in various industrial companies that were considered important to the war effort . This included a warehouse belonging to the then Heim company in the Betzingen district , in which the wings and tailplane for the " V1 " - one of Hitler's alleged " miracle weapons " - were produced. In the old cemetery Unter den Linden , several collective graves and eight individual graves with a memorial from 1952 commemorate the numerous victims of forced labor.

The Wehrmacht deserter Karl Erb from the district of Sickenhausen was arrested on April 19, 1945 in Mitterteich in the Upper Palatinate district of Tirschenreuth and hanged publicly . A street name and a plaque remind of him. (see also end- stage crime ).

In the final phase of World War II Reutlingen was four air strikes the Western Allied hard affected, about 25 percent of existing buildings have been destroyed. In order to avoid further destruction, Oskar Kalbfell handed the town over to the advancing troops of the 1st French Army on April 20, 1945. In retaliation for the suspected assassination death of a French soldier who probably died in a traffic accident, the French military shot four civilians from Reutlingen as hostages on April 24, 1945.

post war period

In 1945, under French occupation , the city was again part of the Reutlingen district and declared an "immediate district town". Reutlingen remained a location of the Forces françaises en Allemagne (FFA) until 1992 . After the two-plus-four contract concluded in the course of German reunification , the French garrison withdrew (see list of closed French military locations in Germany ), their properties (former Ypres barracks, Hindenburg barracks and the officers' mess with an attached cinema) slammed into projects geared to civil needs. For example, the socio- cultural cultural center franz.K developed from the former French garrison cinema by 2008

The rebuilding of Reutlingen and its democratization is closely linked to the name of Oskar Kalbfell , who was the first democratically elected mayor of the city after the Second World War to shape Reutlingen's political history until 1973.

In 1947 Reutlingen came to the newly founded state of Württemberg-Hohenzollern , which was added to the state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952.

Reutlingen has been a major district town since the municipal code of the state of Baden-Württemberg came into force on April 1, 1956 . In 1984 Reutlingen hosted the fifth Baden-Württemberg State Horticultural Show . In 1988 Reutlingen exceeded the 100,000-inhabitant mark and became the ninth city in Baden-Württemberg. In 1987 the Reutlingen University of Education was dissolved as an independent university. In 2009, Reutlingen organized the Baden-Württemberg Home Days under the motto “Culture creates a home” .

On July 28, 2013, the Reutlingen hailstorm caused severe property damage in the city itself and in large parts of the Neckar-Alb region .

Incorporations

In 1900 the area of ​​the urban area was 2,782 ha. Due to the incorporation between the years 1907 and 1975 the area increased to 8,706 ha, an increase of 5,924 ha or 213%.

Formerly independent communities or districts that were incorporated into the city of Reutlingen:

year places Increase in ha
April 1, 1907 Betzingen 784
April 1, 1939 Sondelfingen 624
April 1, 1949 Ohmenhausen 574
1st January 1971 Bronnweiler 119
1st January 1971 Gönningen 1,567
1st January 1971 Oferdingen 317
year places Increase in ha
1st January 1971 Reicheneck 226
January 1, 1972 Altenburg 261
January 1, 1972 Degerschlacht 175
April 1, 1972 Sickenhausen 262
July 1, 1974 Rommelsbach 369
1st January 1975 Mittelstadt 646

Population statistics

Population development of Reutlingen.svg Population development of Reutlingen - from 1871
Desc-i.svg
Population development of Reutlingen according to the adjacent table. Above from 1300 to 2017. Below an excerpt from 1871

As of 2020, Reutlingen was the 67th largest city in Germany .

In 1907 Reutlingen had 25,000 inhabitants, this number doubled to 50,000 by 1952. In 1988, the city's population exceeded the metropolitan mark of 100,000 and continues to grow, to over 110,000 in 2012.

In June 2004 the proportion of foreigners in the total population was 15.2 percent (16,541 people), according to the city administration. Most of the foreigners come from Turkey (3,046), Greece (2,969), Italy (2,050), Croatia (1,642) and Bosnia and Herzegovina (1,132).

The political, cultural, social and economic interests of non-German residents against the city administration are since 1984 by a usually every 4 to 5 years - most recently on 10 July 2011 - of the voting immigrants elected local Integration Council (titled to 1995. Foreigners Council , then a few years as a foreigners council) represented with currently 14 mandate holders. This advisory board meets around four times a year and has an advisory role to the municipal council . In 2015 the local council decided " against the background of changed requirements and expectations of the work of the committee [...] to appoint the members of the integration council [...] and to refrain from a general election ".

The following overview shows the number of inhabitants according to the respective territorial status. Up to 1733 it is mostly an estimate, then census results (¹) or official updates by the respective statistical offices or the city administration itself. From 1843, the information relates to the "local population", from 1925 to the resident population and since 1987 to the “Population at the place of the main residence”. Before 1843, the number of inhabitants was determined according to inconsistent survey methods.

year Residents
1300 4,500
1347 5,000
1542 5,420
1600 5,043
1659 4,376
1733 6,663
December 7, 1803 ¹ 7,798
November 1, 1822 ¹ 9,475
December 3, 1846 ¹ 12,660
December 3, 1849 ¹ 12,659
December 3, 1852 ¹ 12,410
December 3, 1855 ¹ 12,367
December 3, 1858 ¹ 12,729
December 3, 1861 ¹ 13,449
December 3, 1864¹ 13,420
December 3, 1867 ¹ 13,781
December 1, 1871 ¹ 14,237
year Residents
December 1, 1875 ¹ 15,246
December 1, 1880¹ 16.609
December 1, 1885 ¹ 17,319
December 1, 1890¹ 18,542
December 2, 1895 ¹ 19,822
December 1, 1900 ¹ 21,494
December 1, 1905 ¹ 23,848
December 1, 1910¹ 29,763
December 1, 1916 ¹ 25,691
December 5, 1917 ¹ 25,355
October 8, 1919 ¹ 28,891
June 16, 1925 ¹ 30.501
June 16, 1933 ¹ 33.204
May 17, 1939 ¹ 38,885
December 31, 1945 36,562
October 29, 1946 ¹ 36,785
September 13, 1950 ¹ 45,735
year Residents
September 25, 1956 ¹ 60,481
June 6, 1961 ¹ 67,407
December 31, 1965 73,375
May 27, 1970 ¹ 79,534
December 31, 1975 95.289
December 31, 1980 95,456
December 31, 1985 97.030
May 25, 1987 ¹ 98,853
December 31, 1990 103,687
December 31, 1995 108,565
December 31, 2000 110,650
December 31, 2005 112,252
December 31, 2010 112,484
May 9, 2011 ¹ 109,799
December 31, 2015 114.310
December 31, 2018 115.966

¹ census result

religion

According to the 2011 census , 39.8% of the population in 2011 were predominantly Protestant , 22.9% Roman Catholic and 37.3% were non-denominational , belonged to another religious community or did not provide any information. As of December 31, 2018, 38,354 (33.3%) of the population were Protestant, 24,437 (21.2%) Roman Catholic and 52,367 (45.5%) belonged to other denominations or religious communities or were non-denominational . The proportions of Protestants and Catholics have therefore decreased in the recorded period.

politics

Municipal council

The municipal council in Reutlingen - also known as the city council - has 40 members. It consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairperson. The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following official final result:

Parties and constituencies %
2019 		Seats
2019 		%
2014 		Seats
2014
Local elections 2019
 %
30th
20th
10
0
23.1%
20.7%
15.4%
13.5%
7.4%
6.8%
6.8%
5.3%
Gains and losses
compared to 2014
 % p
   8th
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
-10
+ 5.6  % p
-8.2  % p
-4.7  % p.p.
-1.5  % p
+ 7.4  % p
+ 0.2  % p
+ 0.5  % p
-0.4  % p
CDU Christian Democratic Union of Germany 20.7 9 28.9 11
SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany 15.4 6th 20.1 7th
GREEN The Greens and Independents 23.1 9 17.5 7th
FW Free electoral association 13.4 5 15.0 6th
We We in Reutlingen 6.8 3 6.6 3
FDP Free Democratic Party 6.8 3 6.3 3
LEFT Left list Reutlingen 5.3 2 5.7 2
AfD Alternative for Germany 7.4 3 - -
total 100 40 100 40
voter turnout 50.3% 42.0%

→ Results of the local elections in Reutlingen

mayor

At the head of the city of Reutlingen was the mayor as chairman of the court. Later there were two mayors. During the Württemberg period, the king appointed a lord mayor , who later partly bore the title of town school .

The Lord Mayor is elected for a term of eight years. After the Second World War , Oskar Kalbfell ( SPD ) ruled the city indisputably for 27 years until 1972 as Lord Mayor. Kalbfell was followed by Manfred Oechsle ( CDU ), the former district administrator of the old district of Münsingen , who also began an era that ended after 23 years with the election of Stefan Schultes ( CDU ) in April 1995. In the mayoral election in 2003, after one term of office, Schultes had to vacate his post for the previous mayoress of Fellbach , the non-party Barbara Bosch favored by the SPD . She was re-elected for a further term in 2011. Bosch was the first woman to head the mayor's office in Reutlingen; her first term of office ended on April 2, 2011. On February 6, 2011, Bosch was re-elected for a further term. For personal reasons, she decided not to run for a third term. Thomas Keck (SPD) was elected as her successor on February 24, 2019 in the second ballot with a relative majority of 41.1% of the votes cast. He was formally inducted into his new office on April 5, 2019.

Mandates in the Landtag and Bundestag

The city of Reutlingen is located in the Reutlingen state electoral district . This constituency is represented in the state parliament of Baden-Württemberg by Thomas Poreski (Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen) and Ramazan Selçuk (SPD).

The members of the German Bundestag for the Reutlingen constituency are Michael Donth (CDU, direct mandate), Beate Müller-Gemmeke (Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen), Pascal Kober (FDP / DVP) and Jessica Tatti (Die Linke).

coat of arms

Older form of the coat of arms

The coat of arms of the city of Reutlingen shows in gold the red-tongued black imperial eagle covered with a breast shield divided by black, red and silver. The city flag is black-red-white.

The eagle is the symbol of imperial freedom, which the city of Reutlingen held until 1802 before it came to the Duchy of Württemberg, the later kingdom. The imperial eagle appeared in the 15th century on a black, red and silver shield base. Later a double-split shield was added between the eagle's fangs. This was then used partly alone, partly with Adler. From the 17th century the shield was mostly depicted as a breast shield. The city colors changed several times, but today's colors have been in use for a long time.

Youth Council

Every two years a youth council is elected in Reutlingen , which consists of 24 young people. All young people between the ages of 14 and 21 who have had their main residence in Reutlingen for at least three months or who have attended a Reutlingen school are entitled to vote. The last youth council election took place from January 16 to 24, 2015.

Town twinning

Reutlingen maintains city ​​partnerships with the following cities :

Culture, sights, customs

Theater, cabaret, cabaret

  • Reutlingen Theater The bin
  • Naturtheater Reutlingen , amateur open-air theater
  • Kleinkunstbühne Reutlingen e. V. (cabaret, comedy, cabaret, formerly known as the cabaret Rappen )
  • Sturmvogel Theater , professional independent theater
  • Theater Association D´Moospritzer e. V. - Swabian amateur dialect theater (various venues)
  • Theater Mausefalle eV - amateur theater, since 1991 (changing venues, rehearsals in the Jubilate parish hall of Orschel-Hagen)

music

  • Württemberg Philharmonic Reutlingen (classical music)
  • Young Symphony Reutlingen (classical music)
  • Reutlingen Youth Orchestra (classical music)
  • Boys' choir capella vocalis Reutlingen (classical music)
  • Jazzclub In der Mitte e. V. (Jazz, Ragtime, Blues)
  • Reutlingen Music School (MsR) Reutlingen-Spitalhof ( Kingbee , Feetofpulse )
  • KuRT e. V. (Promotion of Reutlingen culture from a young perspective)
  • New wave band diorama
  • Pop girl band Debbie Rockt

Socioculture

Cultural Center French K.
  • Culture shock cell , one of the oldest to exist in the present self-managed autonomous youth and cultural centers in Baden-Wuerttemberg, emerged from the 1968 founded Galerie cell (rock, punk rock, party, political discussion)
  • Kulturzentrum Franz.K - culture in the old French cinema , socio-cultural center with various events from rock music to world music, jazz, theater, cabaret, readings, political discussion etc. (initially from 2003 on culture stage Foyer U3 , after renovation since 2008 as French K )

Museums and institutions

Archives & Libraries

Buildings

Churches

Main tower of the Marienkirche
  • Marienkirche (Protestant), the symbol of the city
  • Nikolaikirche (Protestant)
  • Katharinenkirche (Protestant)
  • Peter and Paul Church (Gönningen) (Protestant), first mentioned in 1275
  • Martinskirche in Mittelstadt (Protestant) from 1912
  • Christ Church (Protestant) from 1936
  • Chapel in the garden of today's local history museum: The chapel was built around 1500 as a small mess chapel for the Königsbronn monastery courtyard in the late Gothic style. It consists of a simple, single-nave interior with a mesh vault, to which a choir with six pointed arched windows with two-part masonry adjoins. The builder is not known, the chapel is probably the work of the stonemason Peter von Braisach, who lived in Reutlingen from 1489 to 1505 and carried out repair work on St. Mary's Church.
  • Jubilate Church (Protestant) in Orschel-Hagen from 1967
  • Resurrection Church in the Römerschanze (Protestant) district from 1957
  • Mauritius Church (Protestant) in Betzingen
  • Kreuzkirche (Protestant)
  • Church and parish hall in Hohbuch (Protestant)
  • Leonhardskirche (declassified as a place of worship on January 31, 2010)
  • St. Wolfgang Church (Catholic), 1909-10
  • Church of the Redeemer (Evangelical Methodist)

Secular buildings

  • The Königsbronner Hof is one of the oldest buildings in the city that still exists today. It was built as a stone house in 1278; the then builder and owner are unknown. The half-timbered construction was carried out in 1537 by Abbot Melchior von Königsbronn. For centuries the building was used as the nursing home of the Cistercian monastery in Königsbronn , and today it houses the local history museum.
  • New hospital ("Volksbildungshaus")
  • town hall
  • City Hall (Fig.)
  • Donation house
  • Remnants of the city wall with Tübinger Tor , garden gate and kennel
  • District Office, former seat of government in Württemberg (Fig.)
The ice tower on a watercolor by General Eduard von Kallee
  • Ice tower at Ledergraben, which has since been filled up
  • City wall houses
  • Upper bulwark
  • Gmindersdorf (Fig.)
  • City wall houses on Jos-Weiß-Straße. The houses were built on and into the existing city wall towards the end of the 18th century.
  • House of Südwestmetall (made entirely of metal)
  • Roßberg observation tower
  • Reutlingen Observatory and Planetarium
  • Old fire station

  • Entrance to the Spitalhof, on the right the Spitalkirche

  • court House

  • Former city wall

  • Tuebinger Gate

  • Reutlingen City Hall

  • Gmindersdorf

Fountain

  • Aquamobil (fountain in front of the main post office), built in 1986 by Gottfried Gruner
  • Aquamobil (fountain in the Kaiserpassage), also by Gottfried Gruner
  • Garden gate fountain, built in 1931 to replace an old fountain from 1590
  • Tanner and dye fountain, built in 1921 by Professor Josef Zeitler in place of the lion fountain
  • Gockelbrunnen, built in 1979 by Ulrich Boss ; until 1856 the "red fountain" was located on this square
  • Cascade fountain in the Volkspark
  • Church fountain, built in 1561 by Hans Motz , on the fountain column of the Staufer emperor Friedrich II.
  • Linden fountain, built in 1544 as a draw well by Hans Huber and his son, restored in 1954 by the Raach brothers
  • Market fountain, built in 1570 by Leonhard Baumhauer , on the fountain column there is a knight sculpture of Emperor Maximilian II (1527–1576)
  • Fountain (Listplatz), built in the mid-1950s, closed in 2009 and finally dismantled in 2015
  • Fountain in front of the town hall
  • Steinfeld, Zierbrunnen , built in 1983, by Rainer Hantschke
  • Water sculpture, built in 1980 (fountain in front of the Reutlingen employment office) by Jörg Failmezger
  • Wöhrwoldbrunnen
  • Guild fountain, with miniature sculptures of the 12 former guilds of the city of Reutlingen, designed by Bonifatius Stirnberg in 1983.

  • Guild fountain

  • Maximiliansbrunnen on the market square

Monuments

Parks

Entrance portal to the cemetery "Unter den Linden"
  • Volkspark and Pomologie
  • Park at Listplatz
  • Park behind the Achalm pool
  • Planie (avenue)
  • Garden of the local history museum
  • City garden, laid out in 1902
  • Unter den Linden cemetery
  • Markwasen sports and leisure park. Green area between the urban area and Wasenwald with paths for walking and a bark mulch track for jogging. The Monte Kiki suitable for sledding. The Reutlingen Nature Theater is located in Markwasen.
    • Kepis educational trail - biological-geological educational trail in Markwasen.

Scenic sights

  • Achalm , Reutlingen's “local mountain” 707 m high, rises over 300 m above the city, with the remains of a castle ruin and a lookout tower.
  • Georgenberg , 602 m above sea level, mountain of volcanic origin in the south of the city center.
  • Gönninger lakes, renatured travertine quarries in the Gönninger valley with numerous smaller waterfalls
  • Gönninger waterfall of the Wiesaz in the district of Gönningen (height: 6 m)
  • Listhof nature reserve . The 120-hectare area in the southwest of the city includes the former tank training area in the Reutlingen, Betzingen and Ohmenhausen districts. The site was used for military purposes until the beginning of 1992, and the traces are still clearly visible today. After the withdrawal of the French troops, local politics initially considered whether to secure the area as an urban reserve area or as a leisure area. In cooperation with the District Office for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management Tübingen, however, the city of Reutlingen developed a nature conservation concept that the local council unanimously approved in 1996. For around 3.1 million marks at the time, the city also bought land from the federal government that did not yet belong to it. There are several reasons why the former training area was classified as "ecologically particularly valuable": on the one hand, such facilities are usually relatively large and not cut up by public roads or settlements, on the other hand, there is no fertilization here, so there is no significant pollution comes from pesticides or drainage - and since the training areas are not allowed to be entered, disturbances by people, apart from military operations, are excluded. In September 2000, the regional council finally declared the Listhof a nature reserve. The city of Reutlingen has also set up an environmental education center at the southern entrance.

Narrowest street in the world

Spreuerhofstraße, on the right wall of the house the sign for the world record
  • Spreuerhofstraße , according to the Guinness Book of Records since 2007 the narrowest street in the world. It is only about 40 centimeters wide on average, and 31 centimeters narrow at the narrowest point. The alley was created after the city fire of 1726. The Spreuerhof was originally a grain store for the Reutlingen hospital.

Regular events

  • January: Thursday after the Epiphany : Mutscheltag (see below under Culinary specialties )
  • January: Monospektakel - Solo Festival (Theater Reutlingen Die Tonne)
  • February: Reutlinger Vesperkirche , social and charitable event of the Protestant churches.
  • February / March: Dialect Weeks (since 1976)
  • March: Schiedweckentag on the Wednesday after the 2nd Sunday of Lent, traditional Reutlingen veal pate at the end of winter.
  • May: GardenLife in pomology
  • June: tent at the central bus station
  • June / July: KuRT Festival ("Free and Outside"), two days, for the first time in 2007
  • June / July: City festival, for the first time in 1977 (since 1980 every even year alternating with Tübingen (odd number))
  • July: "The city plays": Games festival of many youth organizations in the city garden, in the odd years (organized by the city youth council, the Evangelical city youth organization, the Turkish cultural and integration association and the city of Reutlingen).
  • July: The second Sunday after July 4th is Schwörtag, an imperial city tradition from around 1347 until the end of the imperial city period in 1802, revived in 2005 by Mayor Barbara Bosch
  • July: Oststadtfest "Neigschmeckt" with regional specialties (since 2006)
  • July: Reutlinger Classic Open Air
  • July / August: Reutlingen Organ Summer, organ festival in various Reutlingen churches
  • July / August: Summer theater in the Spitalhof (Theater Reutlingen Die Tonne)
  • September: Vintage car weekend Retromotor
  • September: Weindorf Reutlingen autumn
  • September / October: Autumn barbecue for everyone, social and non-profit event of the Achalmritterschaft Reutlingen e. V.
  • October: Reutlingen Culture Night
  • December: Reutlingen Christmas market

Culinary specialties

  • Kimmicher - A roll with lots of caraway, traditional Reutlingen pastries (Kimmich = caraway)
  • Mutschel - star-shaped shortcrust pastry, traditional Reutlingen pastry
  • Schiedwecken - A puff pastry pie filled with veal, traditional Reutlingen pastries

Economy and Infrastructure

Industry

Reutlingen has two commercial areas, an industrial area and a service park.

Established businesses

Utility and service companies

The Stadtwerke Reutlingen GmbH are responsible for electricity, water, gas and district heat supply of the city. In 2000 you transferred these tasks to your subsidiary, FairEnergie GmbH , which was founded at the time . FairNetz GmbH has been operating the relevant supply networks since January 1, 2015 .

Three hydropower plants on the Neckar, the Altenburg hydropower plant , the Mittelstadt hydropower plant and the Oferdingen hydropower plant , generate renewable energy.

Baths

  • Achalmbad
    The historic sports and family pool (renovated in 2000) is located on the edge of Reutlingen city center. It has a pool for swimmers and non-swimmers, a toddler area, a Kneipp pool, neck showers, sunbeds and fitness equipment. The Achalm pool also has a two-part sauna area with an infusion sauna on one side and an Ottoman and a Roman steam bath on the other, as well as a bistro in the entrance area.
  • Markwasen open-air wave
    pool The sports and leisure pool offers a sports and wave pool and a non-swimmer pool with a wide water slide and an 85-meter giant slide and a diving pool with a diving platform up to 10 m high on over 100,000 m² of parkland. In addition, the open-air wave pool offers a large children's playground with a roller slide, climbing net, seesaw animals as well as a sand court and a mud area. The pool offers table tennis, a playground with soccer, basketball, badminton and volleyball fields, as well as a beach volleyball field.
  • Indoor swimming pool Betzingen
    The indoor swimming pool Betzingen directly on the Echaz offers four 25-m lanes for sports and a sunbathing lawn.
  • Orschel-Hagen indoor swimming pool The Orschel-Hagen
    indoor swimming pool is located in the middle of the garden city of Orschel-Hagen and offers four 25 m lanes.

traffic

Road traffic

Reutlingen is one of only two major German cities (together with Solingen ) that does not have a direct motorway connection. The motorway A 81 Stuttgart - Singen (Hohentwiel) about Rottenburg am Neckar ( Ergenzingen ) and Tübingen is about 40 minutes' drive, the A8 Stuttgart- Ulm removed via Filderstadt about 25 minutes. The B 28 Tübingen – Ulm, the B 312 Stuttgart– Biberach - Memmingen run through the city . The B 464 forms a feeder to the B 27 and further towards Böblingen to the A 81. The Scheibengipfeltunnel , which opened on October 27, 2017, is intended to relieve the city center of through traffic.

bicycle

In Reutlingen, 15 percent of all trips are made by bike . Due to the health-endangering exceeding of the limits for nitrogen dioxide , the German Environmental Aid demands, among others , that the proportion of cycling must increase massively and that the city must do more to promote it. The cycle traffic master plan drawn up by the city by summer 2017 is intended to develop the cycle traffic infrastructure over a period of several years.

railroad

The Reutlinger Central Station is located on the " Neckar-Alb-Bahn " Stuttgart- Plochingen -Tübingen. It is served hourly by regional trains on the routes ( Plochingen -) Wendlingen - Herrenberg and Bad Urach - Reutlingen (- Herrrenberg) as well as regional express trains on the Stuttgart - Tübingen line. There is also a two-hour Interregio-Express to Stuttgart or Aulendorf . There is also an Intercity service to Cologne early on on weekdays .

In the course of the major Stuttgart 21 project , a more direct route via Stuttgart Airport is to lead to a significant improvement in the connection to Stuttgart and the long-distance transport network.

Reutlinger Bahnhof has an extensive freight and marshalling yard that was closed a few years ago. However, the tracks have been completely preserved.

For several years, there are considerations existing railway lines, together with some new lines or -reaktivierungen in one after the Karlsruher model to be established tramtrain Neckar-Alb to integrate.

Public transport

Bus line 4 to Hohbuch on Pestalozzistrasse in Reutlingen

The four lines of the Reutlingen electric tram , which emerged in 1912 from the Reutlingen – Eningen steam-powered local railway , were shut down between 1970 and 1974. Today, buses operated by Reutlinger Stadtverkehrsgesellschaft mbH (RSV) and various other transport companies serve local transport in the city area. All lines can be used at uniform prices within the Neckar-Alb-Donau transport association (NALDO); Reutlingen is located here at Wabe 220.

Trains to Bad Urach , Metzingen , Tübingen and Stuttgart leave Reutlingen's main train station .

Since 2003 there has been a direct bus connection (X3 eXpresso) to the exhibition center and Stuttgart Airport . Since March 2017 it has been running as a Regiobus every hour from 5:00 a.m. (Saturday 6:30 a.m., Sunday 7:30 a.m.) until shortly after midnight.

A regional light rail system has been in planning for a long time, with which the connection between the surrounding area and the city is to be accelerated.

The plan approval process has been running since January 2016 and was completed in February 2017. This means that building permits have been granted for two of the six sections of the first regional light rail module. It includes the Ermstalbahn , the Neckartalbahn on the Metzingen-Tübingen route and the Ammertalbahn .

media

In Reutlingen the daily newspapers Reutlinger General-Anzeiger (GEA) and Reutlinger Nachrichten , a local edition of the Südwest-Presse , whose main editorial office is based in Ulm , appear. The Schwäbisches Tagblatt from Tübingen also reports on its own Reutlingen page.

In the local cable network, the television station RTF.1 can be received on channel K08 with regional news.

From 1949 to 1964 the Südwestfunk operated a radio transmitter for medium wave between Reutlingen and Degerschlacht at 48 ° 30 ′ 54 ″  N , 9 ° 11 ′ 30 ″  E. The 48-meter-high, guyed transmission mast, isolated from the ground, was located on the northwestern edge of today's expansion area for the Römerschanze cemetery. In the place of the former company building there is now a restaurant.

The one to the east of Reutlingen is on the top of the disk of the Reutlingen filling station for television and radio. The antenna support is a 49.6 meter high prefabricated concrete mast.

The private broadcasters Antenne 1 and Radio Ton have studios in Reutlingen.

In addition, the desert wave , the free radio for Tübingen and Reutlingen, can be received in Reutlingen on 96.6 MHz.

Courts, authorities and institutions

In addition to the city administration in the town hall, Reutlingen is the seat of the following authorities and institutions or corporations under public law (K. d. Ö. R.):

Church institutions

Reutlingen is the seat of the Reutlingen prelature and the Reutlingen parish of the Evangelical Church in Württemberg as well as the Reutlingen-Zwiefalten deanery of the Rottenburg-Stuttgart diocese , in which the previously independent deaneries of Reutlingen and Zwiefalten were combined.

The following institutions are located in Reutlingen in the area of ​​the Evangelical Church:

  • CVJM Reutlingen eV
  • Diakoniestation Reutlingen (in Betzingen, with a branch in Rommelsbach)
  • Evang. Association for Diakonie of the church districts in the district of Reutlingen with the Diakonisches Werk Reutlingen, the Reutlinger Tafel and the psychological counseling center for parent, youth, couple and life counseling
  • Evang. Reutlingen District Youth Office (ejr) for the area of ​​the Reutlingen church district
  • Evang. Stadtjugendwerk Reutlingen (esjw) for the area of ​​evang. General parish of Reutlingen
  • Parish diacons in the church district
  • Family home and evang. Bildungswerk
  • Protestant kindergartens
  • Church service center administration
  • Church service in the world of work
  • Parish office for mission, ecumenism and development (DiMOE), asylum parish office, district youth pastor, city youth pastor and university pastor

Educational institutions

In Reutlingen there are the following universities or technical colleges and seminars:

The city of Reutlingen supports four general high schools : Albert-Einstein-Gymnasium (AEG) , Isolde-Kurz-Gymnasium (IKG), Johannes-Kepler-Gymnasium (Kepi) and Friedrich-List-Gymnasium (FLG). Another grammar school can be found in the Bildungszentrum Nord (BZN), which in addition to the grammar school includes a secondary school and a secondary school. There is also another secondary school (Eichendorff secondary school), eight elementary and secondary schools (Eduard Spranger School, Hermann Kurz School, Hoffmann School Betzingen, Matthäus Beger School, Mörike School Sondelfingen, Rossberg School Gönningen , Schillerschule Orschel-Hagen and Wald-Schule Ohmenhausen), nine independent primary schools (Auchtert primary school, Friedrich Silcher school Sickenhausen, primary school Mittelstadt, primary school Oferdingen, primary school Rommelsbach, Hof primary school Altenburg, Hohbuch school , Jos-Weiß school and Römerschanz Primary school) and two special needs schools (Bodelschwingh School and Gutenberg School). The Hermann-Hesse-Realschule and the Gerhart-Hauptmann-Schule were combined to form the Minna-Specht-Community School.

The Reutlingen district is responsible for the four vocational schools (Ferdinand von Steinbeis School, Commercial School I, Kerschenstein School, Commercial School II, Laura Schradin School - Home Economics School and Theodor Heuss School - Commercial School) and the Erich-Kästner School. School for the speech-impaired with a school kindergarten, the Peter-Rosegger-School for the mentally handicapped and the school kindergarten for the learning disabled.

Numerous private schools complete the educational offer in Reutlingen. There is an evening grammar school, an evening secondary school Kolpinghaus, the Christian Morgenstern school, the Protestant college for social pedagogy, the vocational home special school, the college for occupational therapy at the adult education center, the Catholic Sankt Wolfgang school (primary and secondary school, which is run by the bishop in Rottenburg is supported), the Free Evangelical School Reutlingen (FES primary and secondary school with Werkrealschule), the Free Georgenschule (unified elementary and secondary school - Free Waldorf School ), the Carlo-Schmid-Haus vocational school of the International Federation, the Ita-Wegman -Schule für Erziehungshilfe, the leather institute Gerberschulen Reutlingen, the Oberlinschule für Erziehungshilfe, the private special vocational school of the Gustav Werner Foundation, the school for nursing professions of the Klinikum am Steinenberg, a school kindergarten for intellectual and Physically handicapped people, another school kindergarten for the mentally handicapped, the Werkstattschule e. V. - School for Educational Aid and Private One-year Special Vocational School and the Wilhelm Maybach School for Support Vocational School.

sports clubs

  • Reutlingen section of the German Alpine Club as the largest sports club in the city with almost 11,000 members.
  • TSG Reutlingen sports club with around 4600 members.
  • SG Reutlingen
  • Police sports club Reutlingen (PSV Reutlingen) with 2300 members
  • SSV Reutlingen 05 has over 1600 members. The football division played in the second division in 1975/76 , 2000/01 , 2001/02 and 2002/03 .
  • The karate kids Reutlingen. The largest children - Karate - School in Reutlingen.
  • European headquarters of the Filipino martial and movement arts Pekiti-Tirsia Kali
  • Karate Team Reutlingen e. V., received the Great Sports Star in Gold in 2010
  • TTC rollcom Reutlingen with over 150 members. Former German youth champions. Most successful table tennis youth department in the region
  • Schützengilde Reutlingen 1290 eV, oldest association in Württemberg; Organizer of the Landeschützentag 2017 of the Württ. Schützenverband

Fairtrade city

Reutlingen has been a Fairtrade City since May 3, 2012. The non-profit association "TransFair" awards this seal for "fair trade" to municipalities. More and more Reutlingen shops, restaurants, schools, clubs and organizers are offering fair trade products. The Weltladen Reutlingen with a wide range of fair trade goods moved to Rathausstrasse 10 in August 2017. The Reutlinger Jubilate Church (Orschel-Hagen) and Resurrection Church (Römerschanze) were the first of 15 evangelical parishes in all of Württemberg to be certified as a "fair parish" by the Wuerttemberg and Bread for the World Diakonie, because they are fair in everyday church life Act criteria. In June 2018 this seal was also presented to the Evangelical Cross Church Community.

Personalities

→ Main article: List of personalities from the city of Reutlingen

The list includes honorary citizens of the city, personalities born on site and those who have or had their sphere of activity in Reutlingen.

literature

  • Johann Daniel Georg Memminger: Description of the Oberamt Reutlingen . JG Cotta'sche Buchhandlung, Stuttgart 1824.
  • Erich Keyser (Ed.): Württembergisches Städtebuch. (= German city book. Volume 4.2). Stuttgart 1962, DNB 454817088 .
  • Werner envelope, Hellmut Hell: Reutlingen: Gate to the Swabian Alb. Verlag Oertel and Spörer, Reutlingen 1972, ISBN 3-921017-14-9 .
  • Carl Bames: Chronica von Reutlingen and Pfullingen - In joy and sorrow in festive and workshop dress from 1803 to 1874. Knödler-Verlag, Reutlingen 1985, ISBN 3-87421-095-2 .
  • Paul Landmesser, Peter Pächler, IG Metall Reutlingen (eds.): We learn as we move forward! - Documents on the history of the labor movement in Reutlingen 1844–1949. Distel-Verlag, Heilbronn 1990, ISBN 3-923208-25-1 .
  • City administration Reutlingen / school, culture and sports department / local history museum and city archive (ed.): Reutlingen 1930–1950. National Socialism and the Post-War Period. Catalog and book with background descriptions for the exhibition of the same name. Reutlingen 1995, ISBN 3-927228-61-3 .
  • Johann Jacob Fetzer: Fire from Reutlingen. Looking back at the great fire accident that left the city of Reutlingen in ruins in September 1726. Reutlingen 1826. (Reprint: Knödler Verlag, Reutlingen 1998, ISBN 3-87421-200-9 )
  • Johannes Dillinger, Thomas Fritz, Wolfgang Mährle: Damned to the fire: the witch hunts in the county of Hohenberg, the imperial city of Reutlingen and the prince provost of Ellwangen . Ed .: Institute for Historical Regional Studies and Historical Auxiliary Sciences at the University of Tübingen. Steiner, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-515-07304-3 .
  • Karl Rommel: Reutlinger Heimatbuch. Pictures, sagas and stories from town and country. 6th, expanded edition. Knödler-Verlag, Reutlingen 1999, ISBN 3-87421-201-7 .
  • State Institute for Environmental Protection Baden-Württemberg (publisher): Listhof nature reserve. Regional culture publishing house, Ubstadt-Weiher 2004, ISBN 3-89735-272-9 .
  • City of Reutlingen, Werner Ströbele (ed.): Culture conception Reutlingen. Reutlingen 2005, ISBN 3-933820-78-2 ( introduction page with a link to the PDF file of the cultural conception )
  • Artur C. Ferdinand: Reutlingen - The city guide. 2., revised. Edition. Oertel + Spörer, Reutlingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-88627-410-9 .
  • Thomas Deuschle: That's how it was in the 1960s: Reutlingen between VW Beetle and flower power . Oertel + Spörer, Reutlingen 2009, ISBN 978-3-88627-431-4 .
  • Thomas Deuschle: That's how it was in the 1950s: Reutlingen between clearing the rubble and Isetta romance . Oertel + Spörer, Reutlingen 2010, ISBN 978-3-88627-471-0 .
  • Thomas Deuschle: That's how it was in the 1970s: Reutlingen between “Döschewo” and “Neue Deutsche Welle” . Oertel + Spörer, Reutlingen 2011, ISBN 978-3-88627-495-6 .
  • 106 Discontinued synagogue, later Zunfhaus der Schuhmacher (I), market square, area between No. 20 and 22 (formerly Kanzleistraße 2). In: Alois Schneider, Dorothee Ade-Rademacher: Archaeological City Register Baden-Württemberg. Volume 23: Reutlingen. Landesdenkmalamt Baden-Württemberg , Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-927714-70-4 , pp. 178–179.
  • Karin-Anne Böttcher: Exclusion and Persecution - Effects of the National Socialist Racial Policy in Reutlingen. In: Heinz Alfred Gemeinhardt: Reutlingen 1930–1950: National Socialism and the Post-War Period. Reutlingen 1995, ISBN 3-927228-61-3 , pp. 130-173.
  • Wilhelm Borth, Bernd Breyvogel, Wolfgang Jung (eds.): Reutlingen. Past meets future. From imperial city glory to self-confident big city. Reutlingen 2013, ISBN 978-3-88627-339-3 .
  • Eugen Wendler : Reutlingen. Past and present of a lively city , 5th edition, Wendler, Reutlingen 2017.

Web links

Commons : Reutlingen  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Reutlingen  - travel guide
 Wikinews: Category: Reutlingen  - in the news
Wikisource: Reutlingen  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
  2. ↑ Reutlingen agglomeration in the list of agglomerations 2018 estimated at 278,300 inhabitants
  3. ↑ Main statutes of the city of Reutlingen ( Memento of the original from November 24, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.stadtverwaltung-reutlingen.de
  4. ↑ Zwiefalter Chronicle Ortlieb. MGH SS 10, p. 76 , line 47.
  5. ↑ Bernd Breyvogel: From the village beginnings to the proud imperial city. Reutlingen in the Middle Ages. In: Wilhelm Borth, Bernd Breyvogel, Wolfgang Jung (Eds.): Reutlingen. Past meets future. From imperial city glory to self-confident big city . Reutlingen 2013, ISBN 978-3-88627-339-3 , pp. 17–51, here: p. 22.
  6. ^ A b Peter Koblank: Reutlinger market and city law. on stauferstelen.net. Retrieved October 3, 2018.
  7. ^ Johann Gerhard Meuschen : Hermanni Gygantis Ordinis Fratrum Minorum Flores temporum , Leiden 1743, p. 123 .
  8. ↑ Bernd Breyvogel, p. 24.
  9. ↑ Bernd Breyvogel, p. 24 f.
  10. ↑ WUB, Volume VI., No. 1686 .
  11. ↑ See BSLK , p. 765; see. P. 17.
  12. ^ Anke Bächtiger: City fire of Reutlingen. In: Reutlingen Fire Brigade. September 25, 2006, accessed on April 23, 2014 (abridged version of a lecture).
  13. ^ Wilhelm Borth, Bernd Breyvogel, Wolfgang Jung: past meets future Reutlingen from imperial city glory to self-confident metropolis . Reutlingen 2013, p. 134-138 .
  14. ^ Georg Morlok: The royal Württemberg state railways . Stuttgart 1966, p. 89-91 .
  15. ↑ From the Büschelesbähnle to the electric one. Retrieved February 12, 2019 .
  16. ^ City archive exhibition: Opening of the electric tram in 1912. Retrieved on February 12, 2019 .
  17. ↑ Martina Schröder: Mills and machines The beginning of industrialization on the Echaz . Ed .: Heimatmuseum at the school and culture office of the city of Reutlingen. Reutlingen 1999, p. 55-56 .
  18. ^ Wilhelm Borth, Bernd Breyvogel, Wolfgang Jung: Past meets future Reutlingen From imperial city glory to self-confident metropolis . Reutlingen 2013, p. 141-148 .
  19. ↑ Milestones / History. Retrieved February 12, 2019 .
  20. ↑ Stadtschultheisamt Reutlingen / Chamber of Commerce Reutlingen: Paper bobbins and tube factory . Ed .: German architecture and industry publisher. Berlin-Halensee 1925.
  21. ↑ West German economic history: Reel and tube factory, paper and cardboard factory, production of gelatine foils, machine factory, synthetic resin press . Ed .: Paul Weber Verlag. Stuttgart 1954.
  22. ^ Karl Langenbacher: Multi-spindle thinking A commemorative publication on the 75th anniversary of the Burkhardt & Weber company . Reutlingen 1963, p. 9-19 .
  23. ↑ Toni Pierenkemper: History of modern economic thought: Great economists and their ideas . Stuttgart 2012, p. 107 .
  24. ↑ Dominated by green (article in Reutlinger Generalanzeiger dated June 21, 2011 on the painting shown)
  25. ^ Karin-Anne Böttcher: Exclusion and Persecution - Effects of the National Socialist Racial Policy in Reutlingen ; in Reutlingen 1930–1950. National Socialism and the Post-War Period. (P. 135 f.) Published by Reutlingen City Administration / School, Culture and Sports Office / Local History Museum and City Archives
  26. ^ Karin-Anne Böttcher: Exclusion and Persecution - Effects of the National Socialist Racial Policy in Reutlingen ; in Reutlingen 1930–1950. National Socialism and the Post-War Period. (P. 130) Published by Reutlingen City Administration / School, Culture and Sports Office / Local History Museum and City Archives
  27. ↑ on the history of the Jewish community in Reutlingen (online at jewische-gemeinden.de)
  28. ↑ Manfred Maul-Ilg: Takeover and conformity at the local level ; in Reutlingen 1930–1950. National Socialism and the Post-War Period. (P. 43) Published by Reutlingen City Administration / School, Culture and Sports Office / Local History Museum and City Archives
  29. ^ Reutlingen City Administration / School, Culture and Sports Office / Local History Museum and City Archives (ed.): “ Reutlingen 1930–1950. National Socialism and the Post-War Period ”, pp. 292–295, Chapter: The“ Reutlinger Resistance Group ”and its post-war planning. Quote p. 293: "... the main goal of the group was to build up a network of liaison people - also in the Nazi city administration - that was supposed to create the personnel conditions for restructuring after the end of the war."
  30. ↑ Karl Erb: Victims of a senseless war
  31. ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation. Volume I, Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 , p. 71.
  32. ↑ Facts and background information on the shooting of the hostages in Reutlingen in 1945. In: Reutlinger General-Anzeiger. April 16, 2005, accessed October 30, 2016.
  33. ↑ Reutlinger-General Anzeiger of July 28, 2013 - Hailstorm devastates Reutlingen and parts of the region
  34. ↑ SWR Landesschau-Aktuell from April 16, 2014 - Hail balance 2013 in Stuttgart: Hailstorm hits the savings bank insurance hard
  35. ↑ Reutlingen in the Spiegel der Statistik 2007 - regional statistics - development of the urban area since 1907 , accessed on June 5, 2009.
  36. ↑ quoted from the official introduction page of the Integration Council in Reutlingen on the city's website (www.reutlingen.de), accessed on May 17, 2017
  37. ^ City of Reutlingen Religion , 2011 census
  38. ↑ City of Reutlingen Statistical data 2018 accessed on December 27, 2019
  39. ↑ City of Reutlingen in the mirror of the statistics 2017, resident population according to religious affiliation, page 52. Retrieved on June 11, 2019
  40. ↑ www.reutlingen.de Communication and preliminary final result of the mayor election 2011.
  41. ↑ https://www.stuttgarter-nachrichten.de/inhalt.entendung-im-zweiten-wahlgang-thomas-keck-wird-ob-in-reutlingen.8be759d3-3206-49f7-89c5-587a7676ab9a.html
  42. ↑ https://www.reutlingen.de/de/Aktuelles-Info/Nachrichten/Nachricht?view=publish&item=article&id=12748
  43. ↑ http://www.stadt-reutlingen.de/Wahlen/OB_Wahl_2019_Neuwahl/OB_HTML/wahl.html
  44. ↑ www.reutlingen.de Information on the 2015 JGR election; Youth Council 2015 is elected; Board
  45. ↑ Pistoia | City of Reutlingen. Retrieved September 8, 2019 .
  46. ^ Theater Mausefalle Reutlingen. Retrieved August 19, 2017 .
  47. ^ Website of the Kulturschock Cell eV
  48. ↑ French K cultural center - index. Retrieved May 10, 2017 .
  49. ↑ Fire Brigade Museum in the fire station
  50. ↑ Kreisarchiv Reutlingen , website of the circular archive on an underside of the Reutlinger district office (www.kreis-reutlingen.de)
  51. ^ Website of the Reutlingen City Library
  52. ↑ The Ice Tower: A 100-Year View
  53. ↑ Stauferstele Reutlingen on stauferstelen.net. Retrieved September 23, 2018.
  54. ↑ www.tourismus-reutlingen.de with information on the Markwasen sports and leisure park
  55. ↑ 31 centimeter wide street, Das little world record Spiegel-Online of July 10, 2012.
  56. ^ Official homepage of the city of Reutlingen / Events Reutlinger Vesperkirche
  57. ↑ Official homepage of the city of Reutlingen / Events autumn barbecue for everyone
  58. ↑ Achalmritter Grillfest for the homeless a complete success  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. My stage, October 5th, 2012.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.reutlinger-buehne.info  
  59. ↑ Reutlinger General-Anzeiger: Timetable into the future. Retrieved July 8, 2017 .
  60. ↑ SWP Online / Plan misses its target . ( swp.de [accessed on July 8, 2017]).
  61. ↑ Master plan for cycling | City of Reutlingen. Retrieved July 8, 2017 .
  62. ↑ The IC connector is coming soon. Schwäbisches Tagblatt, accessed on September 21, 2009 .
  63. ^ The Reutlinger Stadtverkehr RSV - Schnellbus. Retrieved September 29, 2018 .
  64. ↑ Regional light rail | City of Reutlingen. Retrieved February 28, 2019 .
  65. ^ Website of the Klinikum am Steinenberg
  66. ^ Alpenverein.de: Reutlingen section of the German Alpine Club
  67. ^ Karate-Kids-Reutlingen , accessed on July 27, 2015.
  68. ↑ Andreas Dörr in the Reutlinger Generalanzeiger: Reutlingen is "Fairtrade City". Retrieved September 16, 2017 .
  69. ↑ Weltladen Reutlingen: Weltladen Reutlingen. Retrieved September 16, 2017 .
  70. ↑ Diakonie Württemberg: Faire Congregation - First church congregations awarded. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on September 17, 2017 ; accessed on September 16, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.diakonie-wuerttemberg.de
  71. ↑ Kreuzkirchengemeinde named "Faire Congregation" - Reutlingen - Reutlinger General-Anzeiger . In: gea.de . ( gea.de [accessed June 20, 2018]).