Olympic history of Norway
Norwegian athletes participated in 24 of the 27 Summer Olympic Games of modern times and at all Olympic Winter Games in part. Only at the Summer Games in 1896 and 1904 was Norway not represented, as was the case at the Games in Moscow in 1980 , which boycotted Norway as a NATO member.
Along with Austria and Liechtenstein, Norway is one of only three countries that have won more medals at winter games than at summer games. The Norwegian delegation has already won the medal table at the Olympic Winter Games seven times and is third in the all-time medal table at the Olympic Winter Games . Norway has hosted two Winter Games so far - in 1952 with Oslo and in 1994 with Lillehammer .
Alignments
So far, two Olympic Winter Games have taken place in Norway. The capital Oslo won the bid for the 1952 Winter Olympics after the two candidacies for 1932 and the later canceled 1944 Games were not considered. Oddly enough, Oslo was given preference over the two locations selected for 1932 and 1944, namely Lake Placid and Cortina d'Ampezzo . Another candidacy for Oslo for the 1968 Winter Games was unsuccessful.
The Norwegian Olympic Committee (NIF) did not submit its next application until the 1992 Winter Games . After numerous applications from Swedish and Finnish cities in the 1970s and 1980s failed, mainly due to the large distances between the main venues and ski areas suitable for alpine competitions, Norway recognized the opportunity to hold compact games in Scandinavia . The suggestion made by IOC President Juan Antonio Samaranch on the occasion of the Nordic World Ski Championships in Oslo in 1982 to support a renewed candidacy for the Norwegian capital met with little interest. In contrast to Lillehammer . In the small town in Gudbrandsdalen , 58 percent of the population were behind an application. A state guarantee of 1.5 billion kroner and an investment of 700 million kroner for infrastructural measures made the candidacy possible in October 1986. There they were eliminated as the fourth of seven candidates and the games were awarded to Albertville . Two years later, however, Lillehammer got the next chance, as the IOC will now be staging the games two years later than the summer games. Also due to the decreasing interest of the population and a reduced budget, Lillehammer's application was only considered an outsider compared to the joint application of Östersund and Åres for the 1994 Games . Surprisingly, Lillehammer was able to prevail in the final vote with 45 to 39 votes.
The 1994 Games were praised primarily for the familiar and friendly atmosphere. Today they are considered a prime example of moderate games and a counterpoint to the gigantism of later orientations in large cities such as Vancouver or Sochi .
Just a little over ten years later, there were renewed considerations in Norway to bring the Olympic Winter Games into the country. The NIF was planning to apply for the 2018 Games , with three possible venues expressing their interest. In March 2007, the NIF and the Norwegian Sports Federation agreed to send Tromsø into the race. The city, 344 km north of the Arctic Circle, was given preference over Trondheim and the joint application of the previous organizers Oslo and Lillehammer. A year and a half later, however, due to a lack of political support, the company had to refrain from applying.
Instead, it was decided to apply for the less costly Winter Youth Olympic Games and sent Lillehammer back into the race. In the application process to host this event for the first time in 2012 , Lillehammer was not shortlisted and the games were awarded to Innsbruck . Almost four years later, Lillehammer was the only candidate and was awarded the contract to host the 2016 Winter Youth Olympic Games , which are to be held in February 2016 at the 1994 Winter Games venues.
After Oslo successfully hosted the Nordic World Ski Championships in 2011 , the city was considering an application for the 2022 Winter Olympics . On June 5, 2013, the city council decided to run. The alpine ski races such as the bobsleigh and luge competitions were supposed to be held in the Lillehammer region, at the venues of the 1994 Games. In the referendum for the Winter Olympics on September 9, 2013, 53.45 percent of the Oslo population voted for a candidacy. Therefore, the NIF Oslo officially submitted application documents to the IOC. After the negative referendums in Munich and St. Moritz , Oslo entered the race as the favorite, a role that increased after Stockholm , Krakow and Lviv had also withdrawn their applications. On July 7, 2014, the IOC named Oslo, like the other two remaining candidates, Almaty and Beijing as official candidate cities. But the declining approval of the population forced the application committee to withdraw Oslo's candidacy in autumn 2014.
Successful candidacies
- Oslo 1952 (Winter Games)
- Lillehammer 1994 (Winter Games)
- Lillehammer 2016 (Youth Winter Games)
Unsuccessful candidacies
- Oslo 1932 (Winter Games)
- Oslo 1944 (Winter Games)
- Oslo 1968 (Winter Games)
- Lillehammer 1992 (Winter Games)
- Lillehammer 2012 (Youth Winter Games)
- Oslo 2022 (Winter Games; application withdrawn)
Candidates not passed on
- Tromsø 2018 (Winter Games)
Most successful games
In terms of medals, Norway has been the most successful nation at the Olympic Winter Games seven times, namely in 1924 in Chamonix, 1928 in St. Moritz, 1936 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, 1948 in St. Moritz, 1952 at home in Oslo 1968 in Grenoble and the last time so far 2002 in Salt Lake City. With 13 gold, five silver and seven bronze medals, the Salt Lake City Games were the most successful Winter Games in Norwegian history to date. One medal more than in 2002, namely 26, could be won at the home games in 1994 in Lillehammer (ten gold, eleven silver, five bronze medals) and in 2014 in Sochi (eleven gold, five silver, ten bronze medals).
Remarkably, the most successful games for winter sports in Norway were not the winter games, but the 1920 summer games in Antwerp, where the 194 athletes' record line-up won 13 gold, nine silver and nine bronze medals, making a total of 31 medals.
Medal table
→ See: List of Olympic medal winners from Norway # Medal balance
Medal table by sport
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Figure skating competitions were held at the Summer Olympics in 1908 and 1920. In 1920 Norwegian athletes won two silver and one bronze medals. Therefore, the number of medals won in summer and winter games differs from the number of medals won in summer and winter sports.
This medal table does not include those two medals from the interludes in Athens in 1906:
| Summer Olympic Games (Intermediate Games) 1906 | |||||
| rank | sport | G | S. | B. | total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
_pictogram.svg){kind=small} do gymnastics
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1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 2 |
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0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| total | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
Medalist
The most successful Norwegian Olympic competitor is the biathlete Ole Einar Bjørndalen , who won 13 medals between 1998 and 2014, eight of which were gold, four silver and one bronze. He is also the most successful athlete in Winter Olympics. With his successes in Sochi in 2014, he replaced the cross-country skier Bjørn Dæhlie , who, in contrast to Bjørndalen, had not won a bronze medal, as the most successful winter Olympic athlete as well as the most successful Norwegian at the Olympic Games.
The most successful Norwegian athlete is cross-country skier Marit Bjørgen , who won ten medals between 2002 and 2014, six of which were gold. The most successful summer Olympians in Norway are the marksmen Ole Lilloe-Olsen with five gold and one silver medal and Otto Olsen with eight medals, four of them gold. The most successful Norwegian summer sportsman in the recent past is the canoeist Knut Holmann , who won six medals, three of them gold, between 1992 and 2000.
In addition to Bjørndalen in biathlon and Dæhlie in cross-country skiing, Kjetil André Aamodt in alpine skiing and Kari Traa in freestyle skiing are the most successful athletes in their sport.
The table below lists all Norwegian Olympians who have won at least two gold medals or at least one gold, one silver and one other medal.
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Individual evidence
- ↑ Volker Kluge, Olympic Winter Games, The Chronicle . Sportverlag, Berlin 1999, p. 770
- ↑ kurier.at: Olympic nostalgia in the far north
- ↑ Handelsblatt: Norway sends Tromsö into the race for 2018
- ↑ nrk.no: Sa nei til Tromsø 2018
- ↑ Focus: After the World Cup success: Oslo is thinking of bidding for the Olympic Games
- ↑ Süddeutsche: Sportpolitik - Oslo says yes
- ^ Spiegel: IOC candidates: Almaty, Oslo and Beijing are applying for the 2022 Winter Games
- ↑ Frankfurter Allgemeine: Oslo no longer wants to be there
Web links
- Norwegian Olympic Committee (English)
- Norway in the Sports-Reference database (English; archived from the original )
- Norway on Olympic.org - The Official website of the Olympic movement (English)
| Summer: |
1900 • 1904 • 1908 • 1912 • 1920 • 1924 • 1928 • 1932 • 1936 • 1948 • 1952 • 1956 • 1960 • 1964 • 1968 • 1972 • 1976 • 1980 • 1984 • 1988 • 1992 • 1996 • 2000 • 2004 • 2008 • 2012 • 2016 |
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| Winter: |
1924 • 1928 • 1932 • 1936 • 1948 • 1952 • 1956 • 1960 • 1964 • 1968 • 1972 • 1976 • 1980 • 1984 • 1988 • 1992 • 1994 • 1998 • 2002 • 2006 • 2010 • 2014 • 2018 |
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Youth games: |
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| Others: |
