Excerpta Latina Barbari

The Excerpta Latina Barbari (= Latin excerpt from a barbarian ), also Excerpta Barbari or Barbarus Scaligeri are a Latin translation of an earlier historical work. The work begins with Adam and ends in AD 387.

Structure of the font and editio princeps

The writing consists of three sections: The first is a world history from Adam and Eve to Cleopatra (31 BC) with additional dates from Greek and Roman profane history. This is followed by a list of non-Jewish regents with a list of the high priests and the Roman emperors up to Anastasios I. The conclusion is a fragmentary chronicle of fasts from Caesar to 387.

The original Greek text was from the 5th century. N. Chr. He was in Alexandria at the time of the Eastern Roman Emperor Zeno and Anastasius I wrote. Around 700 the text was translated from Greek into Latin by an unknown Merovingian author. In doing so, however, he made many mistakes, which show that he was neither good at Greek nor Latin.

Nevertheless, Joseph Justus Scaliger recognized the importance of the text at the beginning of the 17th century. He had noticed that the specified reigns of the kings corresponded to those of Sextus Iulius Africanus . Since the work of Africanus has been lost and only survived indirectly through other historians, the Excerpta Latina Barbari are a welcome addition. Therefore Scaliger published this text in his Thesaurus Temporum in 1606.

The Excerpta Latina Barbari are the oldest text in which the names of the Magi are mentioned: Bithisarea, Melichior and Gathaspa.

History of the manuscript

The underlying Greek text by an unknown author referred to the Chronicle of Hippolytus of Rome , including the dates of Africanus. The translator's knowledge was only sufficient for a vulgar Latin version. However, he did not finish his work, so the text abruptly breaks off in 387 AD.

The resulting manuscript , a copy of the lost, fine original image is, in the second half of the eighth century in the Abbey Corbie using Unziale and a minuscule from Maurdramnus style been written. To the original title Chronica universalis Alexandrina latina , the hand of a librarian of the monastery put the title “Cronica Georgii Ambianensis episcopi” (chronicle of George, Bishop of Amiens ) in Carolingian minuscule in the 9th century and a little later the subtitle “vel sicut alii dicunt Victoris Turonensis episcopi ”(or as others say of Victor, Bishop of Tours). This erroneous attribution - there is no bishop named Viktor in Tours - probably means the North African Victor , Bishop of Tunnuna , also author of a chronicle.

The manuscript later came to the Dupuy family. Claude Dupuy bequeathed it to his two sons Pierre Dupuy and Jacques Dupuy . Since both were librarians at the library of the King of France , after Pierre's death in 1652 Jacques bequeathed their books to them, from which they were taken over after Jacques' death in 1657. Today the manuscript is in the possession of the Bibliothèque nationale de France under the name Paris. lat. 4884 .

translation

Book 1

Chapter 1

For chapter 1, together with chapters 4, 5, 7, 8 and 9 for the creation of Adam, the date is about 5461/0 BC. Chr.

entry	translation	year
1	The first man was created by God. His name was Adam and his wife was named Eva. It was 10 generations or 2,242 years from Adam to the Flood of Noah .	5461/0 v. Chr.
2	Adam was 230 years old when he fathered Seth .	5231/0 v. Chr.
3	Adam died at the age of 930.	4531/0 v. Chr.
4th	Seth lived 205 years, that is 435 years when he fathered Enos .	5026/5 BC Chr.
5	Seth died at the age of 912.	4319/8 BC Chr.
6th	Enos lived 190 years, which adds up to 625 years when he fathered Kenan .	4836/5 BC Chr.
7th	Enos died at the age of 905.	4121/0 v. Chr.
8th	Kenan lived 170 years, which adds up to 795 years when he fathered Mahalalel .	4666/5 BC Chr.
9	Kenan died at the age of 990.	3846/5 BC Chr.
10	Mahalalel lived 165 years, which adds up to 960 years when he became the father of Jered .	4501/0 v. Chr.
11	Mahalalel died at the age of 890.	3776/5 BC Chr.
12	Jared lived 162 years, which adds up to 1122 years when he fathered Enoch .	4339/8 BC Chr.
13	Jered died at the age of 962.	3539/8 BC Chr.
14th	Enoch lived 165 years, which adds up to 1287 years when he fathered Methuselah .	4174/3 BC Chr.
15th	Enoch pleased God and when he was 365 years old he was raptured .	3974/3 BC Chr.
16	Methuselah lived 167 years, which adds up to 1454 years when he fathered Lamech .	4007/6 BC Chr.
17th	Methuselah died at the age of 969.	3205/4 BC Chr.
18th	Lamech lived 188 years, which adds up to 1642 years when he fathered Noah.	3819/8 BC Chr.
19th	Lamech died at the age of 700.	3307/6 BC Chr.
20th	Noah lived 500 years, which adds up to 2142 years, when he fathered three sons Shem , Ham and Jafet .	3319/8 BC Chr.
21st	When people began to multiply on earth and daughters were born to them, the angels saw how beautiful the daughters of men were and took whatever women they wanted. Then said the Lord: My spirit shall not rule in man forever, for man too is flesh. I want to give him 120 years as a lifetime. There were giants on the earth in those days and still later, when the angels went to the daughters of men and they bore them children, they became the giants of the human world. And the earth was bad in the eyes of God, and the earth was filled with injustice and God saw the bad on earth: All flesh on the earth was corrupt and God said to Noah, The time has come for all things that are on the earth with violence to pay off. I want to destroy them and the earth. Build yourself an ark out of squared timber, asphalt and bitumen and coat it inside and outside with pitch and he obeyed. And Noah did all that the Lord God commanded him. And Noah was 600 years old, that adds up to 2242 years. A flood of water came over the earth for 40 days and 40 nights. Then all the flesh that moved on earth went under, on people, cattle and all creatures that were on earth. Everything that had breath of life died on dry land. After these things, Noah in his 601st year and everyone who was with him left the ark. A total of 2242 years had passed from Adam to Noach's flood and from Noach's flood to the construction of the tower and the confusion of languages ​​it took six generations or 558 years.	3219/8 BC Chr.
22nd	Noah's sons were Shem, Ham, and Jafet. 101 years had passed after the flood, which adds up to 2343 years, when Shem Arfaxad begat.	3118/7 BC Chr.
23	Arfaxad lived 135 years, which adds up to 2,478 years when he fathered Cainan .	2983/2 BC Chr.
24	Cainan lived 130 years, which adds up to 2608 years when he became the father of Salam .	2853/2 BC Chr.
25th	Salam lived 130 years, which adds up to 2738 years when he fathered Eber .	2723/2 BC Chr.
26th	Eber lived 134 years, that is 2872 years, when he fathered Falech and his brother Joktan .	2589/8 BC Chr.
27	There was only one language and only one dialect for everyone on earth. And when they went east and came to a stretched, fertile plain in the land of Sennaar , they stayed there. And a man said to his neighbor: "Let's make bricks and burn them." They used these bricks as stones and bitumen as mortar. And they said: "Let us build a city and a tower that reaches up to heaven, so that we may be glorious with all people who live scattered over the earth. And the Lord God came around the city and the tower the children of men had erected. He said: "There is a language and a dialect for everyone and this is what they do. Nothing of their plans will now be impossible for them. Let us descend and disperse their language, so that no one else can Understand the language of his neighbor. "God scattered the people across the earth and they stopped building the city and the tower. For this reason the city was called Confusion ( Babel ) because the Lord confused the language of the whole world here and from here people are scattered all over the world, from Adam to the tower and the scattering over the earth it is 15 generations or 2878 years.	2583/2 BC Chr.

Chapter 2

entry	translation
1	The earth was divided among the three sons of Noah after the flood as follows: The three brothers Sem, Ham and Jafet were distributed over the earth according to their tribes.
2	And the first-born Shem populated the length from Persia and Bactria to India and the breadth from India to Rinocorurum , the second-born Ham from Rinocorurum to Garirum , Jafet from Midia to north of Garirum.
3	Jafet has the Tigris River that divides Media and Babylon in the land of Assur . Ham has the Geon River, which we call the Nile . Sem has the Euphrates .
4th	The languages ​​became confused after the flood: There are 72 languages ​​that are confused, whereby those who built the tower in 70 nations with their vernacular languages ​​were distributed over the earth. The giant Nebrod , the son of Chus of Ethiopia , hunted game for food.
5	These are the names of the seventy: the sons of Jafet, the third and youngest son of Noah: Gamer from Cappadocia and Magog from Chaldei and Galatia and Made from Medien and Yoias from Greece and Ionia and Thobail from Thettali and Mosoch from Illyria and Thiras from Thrace and Chattaim from Macedonia .
6th	And the sons of Gamer, the son of Jafet, the third son of Noah: Ashanath from Sarmatia and Erisfan from Rodii and Thorgaman from Armenia .
7th	And the sons of Jafet's son, Noah's son: Elisa from Siculi and Thareis from Iberia and Tyrannii and Ctici from Rome and Latium
8th	These were all the sons of Jafet, the third son of Noah. From these peoples people were scattered on the islands: On Cyprus by Kittim, the sons of Jafet. This is a total of 15 nations. Among those who came from the north there is one who is descended from the Kittim tribe. All Greeks are descended from these, except for those who later lived there, the Strings, who settled in the city by the sea called Athens . Simultaneously with Kadmos , the son of Agenor , settlers from Sidon came to Thebes . The Chalcedonii were settlers from Tire and others who also settled in Greece.
9	These are the peoples of Jafet, the third son of Noah, from Media to the west of the north Atlantic coast: Medes, Albanians , Garganians , Erräer, Armenians, Amazons , Kolians , Korzinians, Dennagians, Cappadocians, Paphlagonians , Mariandinians, Tabarians, Challyrians, Mossonians, Sarmatians, Saurobatier, Maeotier , Scythians , Tauri , Thracians, Bastarni , Illyrians, Macedonians, Greeks, Ligurian, Istrians , Huns , Daunians , Iapygier , Kolabrier , Oppikier, Latins and Romans, Etruscans, Ligistinier, Celtiberians , Iberians, Gauls , Aquitanians , Illyrians, Basantians, Kyrtanians, Lusitans , Huakkaians, Kynians, British who inhabit the island.
10	These of them know script: Iberians, Latins, whose characters the Romans use, Spaniards , Greeks, Medians, Armenians. Its boundaries range from Media to Gadeira and include the northern areas. The lateral boundary extends from the river to the river to Gallipoli in the east.
11	Your countries are the following: Media, Albania, Amazonia, Lesser and Greater Armenia , Cappadocia, Paphlagonia, Galatia , Colchis, India , Achaia , Bosporina , Maeotis, Derrhis , Sarmatia , Tauria, Bastarnia, Scythia, Thrace, Macedonia, Dalmatia , Molchia, Thessaly, Lokris , Boeotia , Aitonia , Attica , Achaia Pelepponissus , Acarnania , Ipirotia , the shining Illyria, Adracia after which the Adriatic Sea is named, Gaul , Tuscinia , Lysitania , Messalia , Italy , Celtica, Spanogallia, Iberia , Spania Magna. There are a total of 40 provinces from the Jafet to the British Isles in the north: Midia Alabania Amazonia Armenia Cappadocia Paflagonia Galatia Colchus India Italia Bosporina Moetia Derris Sarmatia Tauriannia Bastarnia Scythia Thracia Macedonia Dermatia Molchia Thettalia Lucria Byotia Etolia Attica Achaia Illyria Acarnia Gallia Celtogly Icinia Lysitia Adrallia Icinia Spaniria Italia
12	There are also islands that belong to them, Sicily , Euboea , Rhodes , Chios , Lesbos , Kythira , Zakynthos , Kefalonia , Ithaca , Kérkyra and the islands in front of a semicircle Asia , the Ionia is called, are: Sicily Euboea Chios Kephalonia Lesbos Zakynthos Ithaka Kerkyra Ionia in Asia
13	The Tigris River , which separates Media from Babylonia , is one of them. These are the limits of Noah's third son.
14th	This is followed by the genealogy of Ham, the second son of Noah. The sons of Ham, the second son of Noah, are: the firstborn Chus from whom the Ethiopians come, Mestreim from whom the Egyptians come, Fud from whom the troglodytes come, Chanaan from whom the Africans and Phoenicians come.
15th	The sons of the Ethiopian Chus, the son of Ham, the second son of Noah are: Sabat and Eugilat and Sabascatha and Regma and Secathath .
16	And the sons Regma, the son of Cush, son of Ham, the second son of Noah include Sebat and Iudadad .
17th	And Chus became the father of the Ethiopian, the hunter and the giant Nebrod.
18th	And the Egyptian countries with the progenitor Mestreim are eight together. They are as follows: Mestreim begat Lydiim, from whom the Lydians are and Enemigim, from whom the Pamphylians are and Labiim, from whom the Libyans are and Nefthabiim from whom the Phrygians and Patrosoniim, from whom the Lycians are and Cathfthoriim, from whom the Cilikians come from.
19th	The Canaanite countries with the progenitor Chanaan are a total of twelve: Chanaan begat the firstborn Sidon and Chetteum and Amorreum and Gergeseum and Aeggeum and Aruceum, from which the Tripolitans come and Asethneum, from which the Orthosiasts and Arudium, from the Aradians come and Samareum and Ferezeum and Amathium.
20th	Your settlement area is south of the geographical longitude from Rhinokorura to Gadeira. The following people are descended from them Ethiopians, Troglodyter, Aggei, Gagarini, Isabini, Pisces Comeduli , Ellaini, Egyptians, Phoenicians, Libyans, Marmariden, Karier , Psylliter, Mysians , Mosynäker, Pisidians , Autaleer, Cilicians, Moors , Cretans , Margatäer, Numidians , Makarier, Nasamonen .
21st	32 peoples inhabit the land between Egypt and the southern ocean. These are the countries of theirs who know the scriptures: Phoenicians, Egyptians, Pamphylians, Phrygians. Ham's borders extend from Rhinokorura, which is in Syria, and Ethiopia to Gadeira. The provinces are as follows: Egypt and everything around it, Ethiopia that lies in the direction of India and the rest of Ethiopia that lies east to the Ethiopian River Geon, called the Red Nile, the Thebais , the whole of Libya to Korkyna, Marmarica and all that matters , the three peoples that live on the Great Syrte : Nasamonen, Makas , Tautameus , further Libya up to the Small Syrte , Numidia, Massyris , Mauritania up to Eracleoticum up to the border with Garirum.
22nd	Those living north of the sea are as follows: Cilicians, Pamphylians, Pisidians, Mysians, Lygdonians, Phrygians, Camomians, Lycians, Carians, Lydians, Troasians , Aeolians , the ancient Bithynians , who are called Phrygians. There are a total of 13 provinces: Cilicia Pamphylia Pisidia Mysia Ligdonia Frygia Camilia Lycia Karia Lydia Troada Eolia Bithynia
23	These are the island states: Corsula , Lapanduoa , Gaula , Melitia , Cercina , Minna , Taurana, Sardana , Galata , Gorsuna , Crita , Gauloroda, Thira , Cariatha, Asta vetera , Chius , Lesbus , Teneda , Iambra , Iasa , Samus , Cous , Cnidus , Nisyra , the great Cyprus . A total of 25 islands.
24	Those who inhabit the Geon River called the Nile, which flows through Egypt and Ethiopia. Ham and Jafet are shared on the western edge of the sea. This is the genealogy of Ham, the second son of Noah.
25th	Genealogy of Shem, the firstborn son of Noah.
26th	From Shem, the firstborn son of Noah, there are 25 peoples. These live in the east: Elam , from this come the Elamites and Asur, from this come the Assyrians and Arfarad , from this come the Chaldeans and Lud, from this come the Alazonians and Futh, from this come the Persians and Aram , from this come the Alazonians and Futh the Yantier.
27	And the sons of Aram, son of Shem, son of Noah were: Hul, from whom the Lydians were descended, and Gather, from whom the Gasfinii descended, and Mosoch , from whom the Mossinii descended.
28	And Arfaxad became the father of Cainan ; from him are the Samaritans in the east. Cainan was the father of Salathee , and the Salathii are from him. And Salathee fathered Eber , from him the Ebrei come . Eber had two sons: Falec , Abraham was descended from this line , and his brother Ectam . Ectam begat Ermodad, to whom the Indians were born, and Saleph, to whom the Bactrians were born, and Aram, from whom the Arabs were also descended, and Iduram, from whom the Milii were also descended, and Ethil, from whom the Aryans were descended, and Abimeil, from whom the Yrcanii and Declam, from which the Cedrysii are descended, and Gebal, from which the Scythians are descended, and Sabal, from which the Adamosynii are descended, and Huir, from which the Armenians are descended, and Eugee, from which the Naked Men are descended. These all come from Shem, the firstborn son of Noah.
29	The sons of Shem in the area from Bactria to Rhinokorura, which stretches from Syria to Egypt and the Red Sea , and from the exit (of the Bubastis Canal ?), Where Arsinoe lies, to India. These are the countries that descended from them: the Hebrews, also called Jews, the Persians, the Medes, the Poeni, the Aryans, the Assyrians, the Hyrcans, the Indians, the Magardi , the Parthians , the Germani , the Elamites, Cossei , the Front Arabs, the Gedrosians, the first Arabs, the Gymnosophists. Your living space extends to Rhinokorura and Cilicia.
30th	These of them have a script: the Hebrews, also called Jews, the Persians, the Medes, the Chaldeans, the Indians, the Assyrians. The settlement area of ​​the sons of Sems, Noah's first-born son, extends in geographical length from India to Rhinokorura and in latitude from Persia and Bactria to Lower India.
31	The names of the provinces of the sons of Shem are as follows: Persia with all its subjugated peoples, Bactria, Hyrcania, Babylonia, Cordilia , Assyria, Mesopotamia, Middle Arabia , Elymea , India, Famous Arabia , Koilesyria , Commagene and Phenicia, which are descended from Shem. Persia Bactria Hyrcania Babylonia Gordiene Assyria Mesopotamia Phenicia Front Arabia Famous Arabia Elymais Rhinokorura Gedrosien Kommagene India
32	These 72 peoples are all descendants of the sons of Noah: The tribes that were scattered over the whole earth by God according to their languages ​​during the lifetime of Falec and his brother Ectam as the tower and the languages ​​confused are as follows: 1. Hebrews or Jews 2. Assyrians third Chaldeans 4. Midier 5. Persians 6. Front and Happy Arabs 7. Front and Subsequent Midian 8. Adiabenen 9. Taiani 10. Salamossini 11 Saracens 12 skimmed 13 Caspiani 14 Albanians 15 Front and Subsequent Indians 16. Anterior and Subsequent Ethiopians 17. Egyptians and Thebans 18. Libyans 19. Chotthei 20. Chananei 21. Ferezei 22. Eugei 23. Amurrites 24. Gergesei 25. Jebusites 26. Idomei 27. Samarians 28. Phoenicians 29. Euri 30. Cilician or Tarsen 31. Cappadocians 32. Armenians 33. Iberians 34. Bibrani 35. Scythians 36. Kolchians 37. Sanni 38. Bosporans 39. Asians 40. Issaurii 41. Lycaonians 42. Pisidians 43. Galatians 44. Paphlagons 45. Phrygians 46. ​​Greeks or Achaea 47. Thessalians 48. Makedo nier 49. Thracians 50th Mysians 51. Bessi 52. Dardanians 53. Sarmatian 54. Germanic 55. Pannonians 56. Noricans 57. Dalmatians 58. Romans or Cittei 59. Ligurians 60th Gauls or Celts 61. Aquitanians 62. Britons 63. Spanier or Tyranni 64. Moors 65. Macuaci 66. Getuli 67. Africans 68. Mazici 69. Outer Garamanten 70. Boradii 71. Celtionii 72. Outer Garamanten, which extend to Ethiopia There are 72 peoples in total. The Lord God scattered those peoples all over the earth according to their languages. A total of 72 colonies.

Chapter 3

entry	translation
1	And I will announce this: Who the unknown peoples are, their identity, their borders and settlements and which countries are adjacent to them. They are dealt with in order from east to west.
2	The Persian and Median settlers became the Parthians and the peaceful peoples around them as far as central Syria.
3	The Arab settlers became the famous Arabs, of which Arabia is called by all the famous.
4th	The Chaldean settlers became the Mesopotamians.
5	The Midianite settlers became the Cinedocolpitas and troglodytes and ichthyophages.
6th	The peoples and names of the Greeks are five: Ionians, Arcadians, Boeoter, Aeolians, Laconians. Their settlers were the Pontic Greeks and Bithynians , Trojans and Asians, Carians and Lycians, Pamphylians, Cyclists and the inhabitants of the many islands that are called the Eleven Cyclades and lie in the Myrtoic Sea . These are: Andros , Tinos , Tio , Naxos , Kea , Kuros , Delos , Sifnos , Nerea , Cyrnus, Marthum . Andrus Naxus Curus Dilus Tio Ceus Nirea Tinus Cyrnus Sifnus Marathu
7th	There are twelve other large islands on which there are many cities called Sporades and inhabited by Greeks. These are: Evia, Crete, Sicily, Cyprus, Kos, Samos, Rhodes, Chios, Thassos, Limnos, Lesbos, Samothrace Eubya Sicilia Cous Thassus Limnus Samothraci Crita Cyprus Tamus Rodus Chius Lesbus Greek islands called the Sporades.
8th	Euboea was named after the Boeotians, just as the 16 Ionian cities were named after the Ionians. These are: Klazomenai , Mytilini , Phokaia , Priene , Erythrai , Samos , Teos , Colophon , Chios , Ephesus , Smyrna , Perinthus , Byzantius , Chalcedona , Pontus , Amissus Eleuthera Mitylyna Chius Erythra Colofa Efesus Zayrna Focea Tamus Perinbus Byzantius Chalcedona Priinnia Teus Pontus Amissus Eleuthera
9	Seven peoples and settlers come from the Romans or Cittei: Etruscans , Aemilia , Sikanen , Campani , Apulisii , Calabrii , Lukaner
10	Five peoples and settlers come from the Africans: Nebdini , Cnithi , Numidians, Sii , Nasamonen
11	They also own cities on five islands: Sardinia, Corsica, Djerba, Kerkenna, Galite Sardina Corsica Cercina Girba Galata
12	Three peoples and settlers come from the Moors: Mosulami , Tingitaner , Sarinei
13	Five peoples and settlers come from the Spaniards or Tyrinniorum, also called Paraconnisii: Lusitanians , Baeticans , Autrigones , Basques , Gallaecia , who are also called Asturs .
14th	By the Gauls, who also Narbonenser are called derived four peoples and settlers: Lugdunenser , Belger , Sequani , Haedui
15th	By the Germans five peoples and settlers come: Markomannen , Bardunii , Quaden , Berdilii , Hermunduri
16	Two peoples and settlers come from the Sarmatians: Amaxobians and Grecosarmatians
17th	These are the peoples and their emigrants who are scattered all over the world.
18th	My aim is to list the unknown peoples and their cities and special mountains and the most important rivers, so that they do not fall into oblivion.
19th	Let's start with the unknown peoples in the order of their home from sunrise to sunset.
20th	The Adiabens live beyond Inner Arabia, the Tainaii live beyond this, the Alamosyni live beyond the Arabs in Inner Arabia, the Saccini live beyond the Taones, the Albanians live beyond the Caspian Gate, the Great Midians who were subjected to Moses live on the Red Sea. The Middle Medianites on the other side of the Red Sea ruled Raguel or Iothor , the father-in-law of Moses.
21st	Beyond Cappadocia live Armenians and Iberians and Birrani on the right and Scythians and Kolchians and Bosporani on the left. Sanni, also called Sanningi, extend to Pontus where the mouth of the Apsaros is and Sebastopol and Causolimin and the Phasis river . These peoples extend to Trapezutum . The Nauthi and Laboote still live on the left.
22nd	There are 12 mountains worth mentioning besides Mount Sinai from which the Spirit of God descended. These are Lebanon in Syria between Byblos and Beirut , the Caucasus in Scythia, the Taurus Mountains in Cilicia and Cappadocia, the Atlas in Libya, the Parnassus in Fokida , the Kithairon in Boeotia, the Helicon in Teumiso, Parthenius in Euboea, Nysseus in Arabia , Lycabantus in Italy and Gaul, Pelinneo or Mimas on Chios, Olympus in Macedonia. Libanus CauCasus Taurus Atlanticus Parnasus Citherus Eliconius Parthenius Nysseus Lycabantus Pinnius Olympius
23	After naming the mountains of the world, it is necessary to enumerate the most important rivers. There are 40 rivers: Indus or Fison and Nile or Geon, Tigris and Euphrates , Jordan , Kifisos , Don , Ismenos , Erymanthos , Halys , Asopos , Thermodon , Erasinos, Rius, Borysthenes , Alfios , Taurus, Evrotas , Meander , Axios , Pyramos , Orontes , Danube , Hebros , Sangarius , Acheloos , Pinios , Evinos , Sperchios , Kaystros , Simoïs, Skamandros , Strymon , Parthenios , Ister , Rhine , Baetis , Rhone , Eridanos , Beus, Thubiris or Tiber . There are a total of 40 water-bearing rivers.
24	Arboruitae Fluens Aqua The seas and rivers meet and unite their voices.

Chapter 4

entry	translation	year
1	After this has been shown, the time has come to continue with the course of time shown in the chronicle. Ten generations or 2242 years have passed from Adam to Noach's flood.	3219/8 BC Chr.
2	And from Noach's flood to the building of the tower and the confusion of the various languages, six generations or 558 years have passed, that adds up to 2800 years.	2661/0 v. Chr.
3	And it was six generations, or 603 years, from the division of the earth until Abraham testified Isaac .	2058/7 BC Chr.
4th	After the earth was divided up, Falech was 100 years old, that adds up to 2900 years, and he became the father of Ragau . In his day the division happened. Falech means division.	2561/0 v. Chr.
5	Ragau lived 132 years, that adds up to 3,032 years, and fathered Seruch .	2429/8 BC Chr.
6th	Seruch lived 132 years, that adds up to 3,164 years, and became the father of Nachor .	2297/6 BC Chr.
7th	Nachor lived 79 years, that adds up to 3,243 years, and became the father of Tharam	2218/7 BC Chr.
8th	Thara lived 70 years, that adds up to 3313 years, and became the father of Abraham.	2148/7 BC Chr.
9	Abraham was 75 years old, that adds up to 3388 years, when God ordered him to leave his father's house and move to the land of Chanaan.	2073/2 BC Chr.
10	Abraham lived in Chanaan for another 25 years, that is 100 years, and became the father of Isaac. In total, from Adam to Abraham Isaac witnessed 3413 years. Befehl Abraham Altar Isaac Baum Sabec Opfer When Abraham Isaac begat ruled the first Syrian king Belus for 62 years, in Sikyon ruled Egialeus and in Egypt pharaoh Arouth. That adds up to 21 generations or 3,413 years from Adam to Abraham fathered Isaac.	2048/7 BC Chr.
11	And from Abraham to the exodus of the sons of Israel by Moysen , six generations or 443 years passed.	1605/4 BC Chr.
12	Abraham was 100 years old when he fathered Isaac, that is 3413 years since Adam together.	2048/7 BC Chr.
13	Isaac lived 60 years, that adds up to 3473 years, and became the father of Iacob .	1988/7 v. Chr.
14th	Iacob lived 83 years, which adds up to 3556 years, and fathered Leui and his brothers.	1905/4 BC Chr.
15th	Leui lived 45 years, that adds up to 3601 years, and fathered Caath .	1860/59 BC Chr.
16	Caath lived 40 (correct would be 60) years, which adds up to 3661 years, and fathered Ambram .	1800/1799 BC Chr.
17th	Ambram lived 75 years, which adds up to 3736 years, and became the father of Moysen and Aaron and their sister Mariam .	1725/4 BC Chr.
18th	Moysen lived 80 years, which adds up to 3816 years, when he before the Pharaoh, who ruled over Egypt, and God, the Lord, performed signs and wonders by the hand of Moyses and brought ten plagues on Egypt. He led the children of Israel out of Egypt with a strong hand and crossed the Red Sea and the desert on foot. Rotes Meer Die Kinder Israels durchqueren das Rote Meer. Sonnenaufgang Rauchsäule Feuersäule Dies sind Manna Stimme Wachteln Aaron Moyses Hebräisches Volk	1645/4 BC Chr.
19th	And the children of Israel ate manna in the Sinai desert for 40 years, that adds up to 3856 years. 3856 years have passed from Adam to Moyses's death. In the days of Moyses, Froneus ruled over Argos along with Inachum , Leucyppus ruled Sicyon , Eretheus ruled Athens , Hilochus ruled Assyria and Petessonsius pharaoh in Egypt and the West was without a kingdom. A total of 26 generations or 3856 years have passed from Adam to Moyses' death.	1605/4 BC Chr.
20th	And from the death of Moyses to the death of Hiesu , son of Nun and Finees , 54 years passed.	1551/0 v. Chr.

Chapter 5

entry	translation	year
1	After Moyses and Aaron died, the Lord God laid his Spirit on Hiesu, the son of Nun and the people of the sons of Israel crossed the Jordan River and they tore down the walls of Jericho. And he drove away the Canaanites and the Hittites and the Eugeum and the Ferezeum and the Amorreum and the Gergeseum and the Hiebuseum from before the eyes of the sons of Israel . And he was in the land he invaded for 31 years: he conquered the land for 6 years and they owned the lands of others for 25 years, that is a total of 31 years. In total, that's 3887 years since Adam.	1574/3 BC Chr.
2	And after the death of Hiesu, son of Nun, Finees, the priest, led the people for 23 years, that is 54 years together. That is a total of 3910 years from Adam to the death of Hiesu, son of Nun, and the priest Finees. Das hebräische Volk überquert den Jordan.	1551/0 v. Chr.
3	And from the death of Hiesu and Finees to the beginning of the priesthood of Heli and the end of the judges , the sons of Israel, 430 years passed (according to later data it is 445 years):	1121/0 v. Chr.
4th	After the death of Hiesu and Finees, the people of the sons of Israel sinned before God and he handed them over to Chusatheri , king of Mesopotamia, and they served him for 9 years, that is a total of 3919 years.	1542/1 BC Chr.
5	And they cried to God and God raised them as leader Gothonial , the younger brother Chalebs , of the tribe of Judah . This fought in the war with Chusatheri and killed him and Gothonial judged 34 years over the people - altogether 3953 years.	1508/7 BC Chr.
6th	Again the people sinned against God, and God handed them over to Eglom king of Moab, and the sons of Israel served him 18 years. This is a total of 3971 years.	1490/89 BC Chr.
7th	When they turned back to God, he made Naoth of the tribe of Ephraim their leader and he killed Eglom and he led the people for 55 years. That's 4026 years together.	1435/4 BC Chr.
8th	After Naoth judged the children of Israel, his son Semegas judged Israel for 25 years. That is a total of 4051 years. In the days when Naoth and his son Semegas were judges, it is said that Promitheus and Epimitheus and Atlas and the seer Argos lived, also Deucalios and after these, according to Greek tradition, the flood came. Promitheus formed people like witches do, but because he was very wise, he formed ignorant people like children. Atlas, Promitheus' brother, was a popular astronomer who was brought down to heaven in his studies. The poet Euripidus says that Atlas is above the clouds. Epimitheus is the name given to the inventor of the lyre and all musical instruments.	1410/09 BC Chr.
9	After the deaths of the judges Naoth and Semega, the people sinned again against the Lord God, and God the Lord handed them over into the hands of Iabi , king of Assyria, and they served him for 20 years. That's 4071 years together.	1390/89 BC Chr.
10	In his day Deborra prophesied , the wife of Lafiu, and through her Barach , son of Amino, of the tribe of Naftali , led the children of Israel. He fought against Sisara , the general of Iabis and defeated him. And ruled over the children of Israel, and Deborra and Barach judged them for forty years. That is a total of 4111 years. In the days of Deborara and Barach all things that are written happened to Zeus . At that time, Cecrops ruled Athens, called Dipsyis, for 50 years. He was called Dipsyis because he was tall.	1350/49 BC Chr.
11	After the deaths of Deborra and Barach the people sinned again against God and God, the Lord, handed them over into the hands of Orib, the Midianite, and they served him for 7 years. That is a total of 4118 years.	1343/2 BC Chr.
12	Then God raised Gedeon , who killed Oreb and Zeb with 300 men and 12,000 strangers. And Gedeon judged Israel for forty years. That is a total of 4,158 years. In the days of Gedeon, according to records, Zethus and Afius , the sons of Zeus , ruled and the stories about Ganymede and Perseus and Dionysus came to pass . Amfius, a descendant of Cadmos, ruled the Thebans and built the walls of Thebes .	1303/2 BC Chr.
13	According to Gedeon, his son Abimelech ruled the children of Israel and judged Israel for three years. That is a total of 4,161 years.	1300/299 BC Chr.
14th	And after this again Thola the son of Pila, the son of Charram of the tribe of Ephraim , ruled the children of Israel, and he judged Israel for twenty-three years. That is a total of 4,184 years. According to tradition, Lycurgus and Actaion and Pelops lived in his day .	1277/6 BC Chr.
15th	And after the death of Thola the son of Fila, Yahher , a Gileadder of the tribe of Manasseh , rose and judged Israel for twenty- two years. That's a total of 4202 years (correct would be 4206 years).	1255/4 BC Chr.
16	And after the chief's death, the children of Israel sinned again before God, and were given into the hands of the Ammonites , and they served them eighteen years. That is a total of 4,224 years.	1237/6 BC Chr.
17th	And they called on God again and he raised the leader Iefthe a Gileader from the tribe of Manasseh and he delivered them and led the people six years. That is a total of 4,230 years.	1231/0 v. Chr.
18th	And then Eglom , the Sebulonite judged for 10 years. That is a total of 4,240 years.	1221/0 v. Chr.
19th	And after this Esbal the Bethlehemite of the tribe of Judah judged , and judged Israel seven years. That is a total of 4,247 years.	1214/3 BC Chr.
20th	And after this Abdon the son of Ella, the Piratonite of the tribe of Ephraim, led the people and judged Israel for eight years. That is a total of 4,255 years.	1206/5 BC Chr.
21st	And after this the people sinned again against God, and God gave them into the hands of the Philistines and strangers, and they served them for 40 years. That is a total of 4,295 years. It was in those days that Solis was built and it is narrated that the walls were built by Dardanos , in which Darius and after that Laomedus and Sarpidus and Siamus the learned king ruled.	1166/5 BC Chr.
22nd	Then the children of Israel returned to God. God raised Sampson , son of Manoe of the tribe of Dan . He defeated the foreign people and judged Israel for 20 years. That is a total of 4,315 years. In the days of the judge Sampson it is written, Dedela and Atrea and Thyesten lived , also Orfeus and Musaios were mentioned and as for Eraclem and their deeds wrote about those of the historian Apollonius .	1146/5 BC Chr.
23	And after Sampson's death, they were left without a leader and peace for 40 years. That is a total of 4,355 years. And then the priest Heli judged Israel. At that time Solis was conquered by the Acheis and the Dardanian walls were torn down. Up until that time, the judges in Israel held their ground. For the judges, the time in Israel was over after successful generations that remained without a family tree.	1106/5 BC Chr.

Chapter 6

For chapter 6 the date for the creation of Adam is about 5573/2 BC. This is a discrepancy of about 112 years from the other chapters of the first book.

entry	translation	year
1	When we looked at the Judges' period, we named those who were described as the children of Zeus. Picus , the great-grandson of Cronu , ruled the western regions at that time. Cronu, his father, owned the western parts of the divided world as they were without cities and without rulers. Much has been said about it and has not been interpreted. After the annihilation of Cronu, according to the tables of the year, his grandson Picus ruled for some time as the first in Italy, who some believe to be Serapis , others for Olympian Zeus, still others for Pluton , Lord of the Underworld and others for Chthonium Poseidon . These names all refer to him as he had a lot of influence on everything. But he ruled in his youth in Assyria and was called Ninus there and founded the Assyrian city of Nineveh . His wife Semimaris, however, was an evil and hypocritical and unchaste woman whom they called Ream , others Iram Zygia (patroness of the wedding) and other diverse Nemesim and the other Hecate Chthonia (of the underworld) because of their frequent horror. However, he passed the rule to his wife and went west and became ruler there. Because all areas there were without cities and without a king as the historiography reports. At this time Picus, the great grandson of Cronu, discovered this land that had remained free and ruled over the homeland that had been taken over for 80 years. And he turned the heads of the noble women with magic and evil art and seduced them and the women were enchanted and made houses and places of residence for him and made a lot of sculptures of him according to his pleasure and like a god he had sexual intercourse with them and them worshiped him like a god.	1393/2 BC Chr.
2	After its fall, his son Faunus ruled Italy for 35 years. He became a wicked and very capable person. At that time he descended into Egypt, and there he stayed and put on the royal robes. And the Egyptians thought him a wise man because of magic and evils, which he faked and told them doubtful things and prophecies, bird tales and hoopoes announcements and the neighing of horses and foretelling of death and other many evils. And the sages of the Egyptians recognized in him a mathematician great orator. They worshiped him as Hermem terbeatissimum because he had learned their language particularly well, but at the same time powerful and rich and a submissive servant to the gods. He ruled there for 35 years.	1358/7 BC Chr.
3	Between Adam and the beginning of the reign of Picus, who is believed to be Serapis, the great-grandson of Cronu, that's 4100 years.	1473/2 BC Chr.
4th	At that time Eraclius came back from Spanorum and deposited parts of his weapons in Rome on the Forum Boarium and locked them in a temple . For they say that Eraclius in Latothibis son of Zeus and Aliminius was. And fled from Erysthea king of Thibeorum, he sailed away with his retinue and ruled the western regions. He made gold clad statues of himself in the far western areas as they still exist today. For which the poet Eurypidus also mentions him. But he had a son with Ipsa , the daughter of the temple guard Aleus , Telefonum , who also Latinum is called. Eraclius ruled for 38 years.	1173/2 BC Chr.
5	After the death of Eraclius his son Telefus, who is also called Latinus, ruled the province for 18 years and after his name the Romans , who are also called Cittei, were called Latinos , as they are called Latini to this day.	1155/4 BC Chr.
6th	At that time the Phrygian Eneas , the son of Anchisso and Afroditis , came from Libya and met with Latinus and made war with the Rutullos . And in this war Latinus was killed and Eneas took over his supremacy and founded the city of Libyniam to the glory of the Libyan Dido . After giving up Solis, Eneas ruled for 19 years since the devastation of Solis and lived in the kingdom for 38 years.	1117/6 BC Chr.
7th	After Enea's death his son Ascanius ruled there for 35 years and founded Albaniam and established the Kingdom of Albania.	1082/1 BC Chr.
8th	After Ascanius' death Albas Postumius , Enea's grandson, ruled for 36 years and founded Silvem. After this the following kings were called Silvani.	1046/5 BC Chr.
9	Kings who ruled from Alba in the west are these: Albus Silvius, Enea's grandson, 36 years old	1046/5 BC Chr.
10	Tittus Silvius ruled for 38 years	1008/7 BC Chr.
11	Francus Silvius ruled for 53 years	955/4 BC Chr.
12	Latinus Silvius ruled for 56 years	899/8 BC Chr.
13	Procnax Silvius ruled for 46 years	853/2 BC Chr.
14th	Tarcynius Silvius ruled for 18 years	835/4 BC Chr.
15th	Cidenus Silvius ruled for 35 years	803/2 BC Chr.
16	Abintinus Silvius ruled for 21 years	782/1 BC Chr.
17th	Rimus Silvius ruled for 29 years	753/2 BC Chr.
18th	After these reigned Romulus in Rome and founded Rome and the Romans were laws and taught them justice. A total of 4820 years have passed from Adam to the beginning of the reign of Romulus, who founded Rome.	753/2 BC Chr.
19th	1. Without a doubt, Romulus, after whom the Romans were named and who founded Rome, was the first to rule Rome. And ruled for nine and a half Olympics : that's 38 years. That is a total of 4858 years.	715/4 BC Chr.
20th	2. After this, Nummas Pompius reigned for 41 years. That is a total of 4899 years. He was the first to develop coins and to this day the denarius is called a coin (nummus) after him.	674/3 BC Chr.
21st	3. After this Tullius Servilius reigned in Rome for 32 years. That is a total of 4931 years.	642/1 BC Chr.
22nd	4. After this, Lucius Tarcynius reigned in Rome for 23 years. That is a total of 4954 years.	619/8 BC Chr.
23	5. After this Titus Superbus reigned in Rome for 38 years. That is a total of 4992 years.	581/0 v. Chr.
24	6. After this, Julius Serugius reigned in Rome for 44 years. That's 5036 years together.	537/6 BC Chr.
25th	7. After this Cyuntus, the son of Tarcynius, reigned in Rome for 35 years. That is a total of 5071 years.	502/1 BC Chr.
26th	In total, the seven Roman kings of Romulus ruled for 255 years (correct would be 251 years) and since the beginning of Latini, who is the son of Eraclius, it has been 680 years (correct would be 671 years). These are the kings who ruled Rome and all of the western part of the earth. According to these, the Lord God gave rulership over the Roman land into the hands of the Assyrians, Chaldeans and Persians and Medes. And the land was tribute to Assyria, and Rome remained without a royal rule until the god Alexander of Macedon , the founder, raised up. This namely fought against the Persian king and defeated him. And the Lord gave the rulership of Assyria into his hands and he took over their power and he subjugated the cities of the Persians and Medes and freed the whole land of the Romans and Greeks and Egyptians from the Chaldean bondage and made laws for the world.
27	In total, it is 4820 years from Adam to the beginning of Romulus who founded Rome	753/2 BC Chr.
28	and from the beginning of Romulus to Cyintus Tarcinius 250 years (correct would be 251 years).	502/1 BC Chr.

Chapter 7

entry	translation	year
1	We have now shown the royal families of the Romans and how many years they ruled. It is essential for the writing of history that the historian go through the years of the rule of the Hebrews, which also illustrate the individual periods and the years in order.
2	Previously, we showed that it was 4,355 years from Adam to the end of the judges of Israel and the beginning of the priest Heli. Now comes the first royal rule.	1106/5 BC Chr.
3	After the judges, the priest Heli judged the children of Israel and he judged Israel for 20 years. That is together from Adam 4,375 years and the Lord God gave the ark into foreign hands. In the days of the priest Heli the expulsion from Solis by the Acheis took place, among them Agamomnus and Menelaus and Achilles and many others Danei were named, about which the teacher and writer Omirus wrote a story.	1086/5 BC Chr.
4th	After the death of the priest Heli, the prophet Samuhel judged the children of Israel. And he took the ark of the Lord back from the foreigners and brought it to the house of Aminadab and it stayed there for 20 years. That is a total of 4,395 years.	1066/5 BC Chr.
5	After this Sanuhel anointed Sahul the son of Cis king over Israel. This ruled as the first in Iuda for 20 years. That is a total of 4415 years.	1046/5 BC Chr.
6th	After the death of King Sahul, David , the son of Iesse of the tribe of Juda, reigned for 40 years and 6 months, namely: in Chebron seven and a half years and in Hierusalem 23 years. That's 40 and a half years. That is a total of 4455 years and 6 months. He brought the ark of the Lord back from the house of Aminadab and while Ozam was leading it the calf deviated from the path and he touched it and died. And David was afraid and brought her to the house of Gaditers Abdede, and she stayed there five months. Caath and Nathan prophesied under David. The general of David was Moab , the son of David's sister Saruae . He counted the tribe of Israel and found 170,000 people. He did not count the tribes of Levi and Benjamin. A proportion of 70,000 died in Israel because they were enumerated and wanted to try the Lord.	1006/5 BC chr.
7th	After King David, his son Solomon ruled for 40 years. That is a total of 4445 years (correct would be 4495 years). He built the temple in Jerusalem in his 20th year of reign. And Nathan and Achias , Silonita and Sameus , and Abdeus prophesied under Solomon. Their leader was the priest Sadoc .	966/5 BC Chr.
8th	After Solomon, his son Roboam ruled for 7 years (correct would be 17 years). That makes 4512 and a half years together. Under him the kingdom was divided. And Hieroboam the servant of Solomon of the tribe of Ephraim reigned in Samaria . To the shame of Israel, he made two golden deer. Hieroboam also prophesied and Achias the Silonita and Sammeus the son of Ellamei.	949/8 BC Chr.
9	After this his son Abiu ruled for 3 years. That is a total of 4515 and a half years. The same prophets prophesied.	946/5 BC Chr.
10	After this Asa , the son of Abiu, ruled for 41 years. That’s a total of 4556 and a half years. In old age he suffered from Podagra . Annanias prophesied under him .	905/4 BC Chr.
11	After this his son Iosafat ruled for 25 years. That is a total of 4581 and a half years. Below him prophesied Helias the Tischbe, and Micheas the son of Embla, and Abdeus the son of Ananei. The pseudo prophet Sedecias , the Canaanite, lived under Michea .	880/79 BC Chr.
12	After this his son Ioram reigned for 8 years. That's a total of 4589 and a half years. And under this Helias prophesied, and after that Heliseus . Under him and his son Ochozias , the people of Samaria ate deaf dung when Helias said that it would no longer rain on the earth and it would not rain for 3 years and 6 months.	872/1 BC Chr.
13	After this, his son Ochozias ruled for a year and a half. That's 4591 years together. Under this prophesied Heliseus and Abdoneus .	870/69 BC Chr.
14th	According to these, Godolia , the mother of Ochozias and wife of Ioram, prophesied for 7 years. That is a total of 4598 years. She got up and killed the sons of her sons, since she came from the clan Achab , king of Samaria , the wife (correctly it should be called mother) of her son Ochozias. The sister of Ochozias, the son, Iosabe , the wife of the high priest Iodae kidnapped Iohas , the son of Ochozias and handed him over to Iodae to help him to the royal dignity. Elisseus and Abdias and Hiiu prophesied under Godolia .	863/2 BC Chr.
15th	After that, however, Iohas, the son of Ochozias, ruled for 40 years. That is a total of 4638 years. He killed Zacharias, the son of Iodae, the priest between the temple and the altar.	823/2 BC Chr.
16	After Iohas, his son Amasias ruled for 28 years. That is a total of 4666 years.	795/4 BC Chr.
17th	After Amasias, his son Ozias ruled for 52 years. That is a total of 4,718 years. He was a leper until his death . For him, his son judged Ioatham , whom he did not allow to take the royal throne. Under Ozias Amos and his son Esaias and Osee , the son of Ebrei prophesied and Ionas , the son of Amathei from Gomor .	743/2 BC Chr.
18th	After Ozias, his son Ioatham ruled for 16 years. That is a total of 4,734 years. And under this also Esaias and Osee and Micheas from Morathita and Iohel , the son of Bathuel, prophesied.	727/6 BC Chr.
19th	And after this his son Achas reigned for 16 years. That is a total of 4750 years. And under this, Esaias and Micheas also prophesied. But Hurias was the chief priest over them .	711/0 v. Chr.
20th	During his eleventh year of reign, the first Olympic Games took place among the Greeks. Together from Adam to the first Olympics, that's 4,745 years. But an Olympiad is 4 years.	716/5 BC Chr.
21st	During his 16th year of reign, the Assyrian king Salbanasar rose and came to Judea and moved those living in Samaria to Media and Babylonia . Only two tribes descended from David remained ruling Jerusalem.	711/0 v. Chr.
22nd	According to Achas his son Ezechias ruled for 29 (correct would be 25) years. That is a total of 4775 years. And under this again Esaias and Osee and Micheas prophesied. During his reign, Romulus, who founded Rome, ruled for 9 and a half Olympiads. That's 38 years.	686/5 BC Chr.
23	After Ezechias, his son Manasses ruled for 55 years. That is a total of 4831 (correct would be 4830) years. He killed the prophet Esaias. He divided it by sawing it in two because he accused it of sacrificing to an idol.	631/0 v. Chr.
24	After the reign of Manasses, his son Amos ruled for two years. That is a total of 4833 (correct would be 4832) years.	629/8 BC Chr.
25th	After Amos, his son Iosias ruled for 31 years. That is a total of 4863 years. This is Iosias, who replaced human members with idol members, as it is narrated.	598/7 BC Chr.
26th	Under him, the Passover was rediscovered in Israel in Iosia's 18th year of reign. For since the death of Hiesu, son of Nave, the Passover had not been kept up to this point in time. The priest Chelcheus found the law book hidden in the temple in Iosia's 18th year of reign. Under Iosias, Elibasillim, who was the priest's dress master, also prophesied, and Sofonias and Heremias and Oldad and Baruch . But there was also the false prophet Annanias Lurdus .	611/0 v. Chr.
27	After Iosias, his son Ioacham reigned for 4 years and 3 months. That is a total of 4867 years. This was of Sennachaoch , king of Egypt, placed in iron shackles and taken to Egypt. He ordered his brother Eliachim to replace him. And under him, Hieremias and Buzzi and Baruch and Hurias , the son of Samiae of Cariathiarim, prophesied .	594/3 BC Chr.
28	Under this Eleachim ruled for his brother Ioacham for 11 years. That is a total of 4878 years. During his reign, the Assyrian king Nabuchodonosor rose and moved those who lived in Samaria to Media and Babylonia and put king Eleachim in a brazen fetter and brought him to Babylonia. Hieremias and Baruch and Hurias prophesied.	583/2 BC Chr.
29	After that ruled for his father whose son Eliachim Ioachim for 3 years. That is a total of 4881 years. And again Nabugodonosor, king of Babylonia, came up to put him in chains and to bring captives to Babylonia from the people of the children of Israel, including Danihelem and those with him, Annanias and Hiezekiel .	580/79 BC Chr.
30th	And Nabuchodonosor put Sedechias , Ioachim's younger brother, who is also called Iechonias, in the place of Ioachim. Sedechias, also called Iechonias, ruled Israel for 11 years. That is a total of 4892 years. In the twelfth year, Nabuchodonosor brought him to Babylonia as well and captured him and multitudes of the people of the Children of Israel to Babylonia except for a few who came down to Egypt.	569/8 BC Chr.
31	At that time the temple in Jerusalem was sold and remained so for 425 years.	144/3 BC Chr.
32	Hiezekiel and Naum and Danihel and Hieremias in Egypt and Abacu in Hostracina prophesied during the plunder . In the fifth year of Nabuchodonosor's reign, Hiezekiel and Naum and the youthful Malachias began, and then Aggeus and Zacharias . The Kingdom of Judea existed until Sedechiam and Iechoniam, and since that time there has been no king in Israel to this day. That is a total of 4845 (correct would be 4892) years.	569/8 BC Chr.

Chapter 8

entry	translation	year
1	The kings that were in Israel and Judea and Samaria came to an end, and at that time the Lord God gave rulership over the earth into the hands of the Assyrians and Chaldeans and Persians and Medes, and the whole earth became tribute to them. While Nabuchodonosor lived he judged the whole earth from the Caspian gates to the pillars of Heracles and Egypt and all of Judea. He appropriated Pontus and all of Asia and all of Roman land for 19 years. That is a total of 4912 (correct would be 4911) years since Adam.	550/49 BC Chr.
2	After this, his son Baltasar ruled for 9 and a half months. That is a total of 4912 years. In his day, Hiezekiel and Danhiel and Baruch prophesied in Babylonia.	549/48 BC Chr.
3	After this Darius I reigned in Babylonia for 9 years. That is a total of 4921 years.	540/39 BC Chr.
4th	In the fifth year of King Darius, Danhiel saw visions about those weeks and foretells that Jerusalem will be built big and wide.	544/43 BC Chr.
5	In the sixth year of Darius, son of Asueri , who ruled in the kingdom of Chaldea, Zorobabel was the first Hebrew to ascend to Jerusalem and began to build Jerusalem.	543/42 BC Chr.
6th	After this the Persian Cyrus ruled for 30 years. That is a total of 4951 years.	510/9 BC Chr.
7th	In the second year that Cyrus ruled, he allowed the people of the Children of Israel to ascend to Jerusalem. It was then that the temple was built during the 55th Olympiad as King Cyrus reigned. At the same time Zorobabel and the Hebrews ascended from Babylonia to Judea and began building the temple. Under King Cyrus, Hiezekiel and Danihel and Aggreus and Abacum and Zacharias the son of Baruch prophesied. At the same time, the famous philosophers Pythagoras and Princeps Agoras became known. At the same time, Cyrus killed Crysum , the king of Lydia, and the kingdom of Lydia was destroyed during the 55th Olympiad.	538/7 BC Chr.
8th	After Cyrus, his son Cambyus ruled for 8 years. That is a total of 4959 years. And Danihel and Aggeus and Zacharias and Abacum prophesied this again.	501/0 v. Chr.
9	After Cambyus, Darius the Fool , the brother of Cyrus, ruled for 33 years. That is a total of 4992 years. And under this again Danihel and Aggeus and Zacharias and Abacum were prophesying. Under him Danihel was thrown into the lions' den.	468/7 BC Chr.
10	After Darius the Stupid, the Persian ruled Xerxes for 11 years. That is a total of 5003 years. This is the Xerxes who conquered the whole world and got to Athens and burned it down and returned to Babylonia exhausted.	457/6 BC Chr.
11	After Xerxes, his son Artaxerxes ruled for 33 years. That's 5036 years together.	424/3 BC Chr.
12	Under him, Neemias , son of Achilles of the family of David, who had become cupbearer of King Artaxerxes, was asked in the 24th year of reign Artaxerxes to build Jerusalem under his command. And he went up into Judea, built Jerusalem, and finished building the temple. He built city walls and streets in accordance with Danihel's prophecy, which says: And Jerusalem will be built and surrounded with a wall. Under him there was hostilities against Mardocheum and Hester and Aman were hanged. At that time, Hesdras went up to Jerusalem teaching law. High priest was Hiesus , the son of Iosedec.	433/2 BC Chr.
13	After this, Africanus calculated a number of seven and seventy weeks from the prophecy to extend to the coming of Christ.	30/31 AD
14th	According to Artaxerxes, his son Xerxes ruled for 5 months and was murdered. And after this Ogdianus ruled for 7 months. That is 5037 years together.	423/2 BC Chr.
15th	After this Darius the Younger , who is called Memoratus, ruled for 19 years. That's 5056 years together. Among them was Joachim high priest in Jerusalem and the philosophers around Agoras became known.	404/3 BC Chr.
16	After Darius, his son Artaxerxes II , who is called the Mnemon, ruled for 42 years. That is a total of 5098 years. Under him Heliasibus was high priest in Jerusalem. The philosophers who were known in the times of Artaxerxes were Sofoclus and Traclitus and Anaxagoras and Hirodotus and Melissus and the poet Euripidus and Protagorus and the rhetorician Socrator and the sculptor Fideas and the artist Theetitus and Dimocritus of Abderitus and the doctor Ipporikeratis and Thucudidus and Empedoclus and Gorgias and Zinon and Parmenidus and the Athenians Socratus and Periclus and Eupolus and the architect Aristofanus . These are all known that Africanus enumerates as a philosopher under King Artaxerxes.	362/1 BC Chr.
17th	According to Artaxerxes Mnemon, his son Ochus ruled Babylonia for 21 years. That is a total of 5119 years. Iodae was high priest in Jerusalem and Filippus of Alexander (Alexander's father) ruled Asia . At that time, King Ochus was advancing against Egypt. ( Nectabo ), the last pharaoh to rule Egypt, realized that Egypt's strength had waned. He shaved his head and changed his clothes and fled unrecognized via the Piluseum and gave up his own kingdom, settled in Macedonia, where he taught the art of astrology . The sculptor Fideas and the teacher Theetitus and the poet Euripidus and Dicritus of Abdirus and the doctor Ippocratis and the rhetorician Dimosthenus were known as philosophers in Athens. Everyone else had died.	341/0 v. Chr.
18th	After this Alsus , the son of Ochus, ruled Babylonia for 4 years. That is a total of 5123 years. The high priest in Jerusalem was Iodae.	337/6 BC Chr.
19th	After this, the Mede Darius , the son of Alsami, ruled Babylonia for 6 years. That is a total of 5129 years. Alexander the Macedonian and founder threw him down. The high priest was Iaddus.	331/0 v. Chr.
20th	Then after Alexander the Macedonian and founder had taken possession of Greece and the whole Roman Empire and Syria and also Egypt and parts of Libya, he turned to the eastern areas and conquered all cities and fortresses of the peoples and besieged the Persian king Darius. And the Lord God gave him Darius in his hands, and took all his strength from him, and ransacked all his house. And Alexander the Macedonian and founder dominated the entire Chaldean land and entered the full strength of Darius and took possession of all his cities and they became tribute to him like a king of their own. After Alexander founded Alexandria in Egypt, he went to Jerusalem and worshiped God the Lord and said: Glory to you, only God, who embraces everything, who lives forever. Iaddus was then high priest in Jerusalem. The rhetoricians Dimosthenus and Aristotelis and Eschinus and Dimas and Plato and Lysias and the other Dimocritus were known as philosophers in Athens under Alexander the founder . Alexander the Macedonian and founder ruled after the Meder Darius, the son of Alsami, for 8 years. That is together from Adam to the end of Alexander the founder 5137 years and after that came the Ptolemies.	323/2 BC Chr.
21st	In the days when Alexander the Macedonian and founder ruled, after defeating Darius the king of Persia and the Indian king Porus , all the peoples were from the Caspian Gates, which are in the direction of the rising sun, to the outermost pillars of Heracles, who are in the far west opposite Garirum , united under him. As Alexander's death approached, he wrote a will that each leader would rule alone in his own province. These are as Alexander ordered: He ordered Macedonia to rule Arideus , who is also called Filippus. He said Pontus should rule Leona. He ordered Paflagonia and Cappadocia to rule the well-known scribe Eumenius . The islanders should be free and governors and administrators should be the Rhodians . He ordered Pamphilia and Lucya to rule Antigonus . He had given Phrygia and Grand Caesaria to Asandro , Cilicia and Isauria, and all the surrounding land he assigned to Filone . Syria to Mesopotamia he gave Tapithon to rule. He ordered Syria, which we call Cyle , which corresponds to Fynice , should rule Meleager . He ordered Babylonia to rule Seleucus . He handed over Egypt and what surrounds it to Oberlybia to Filippo, who is also called Ptolomeus . For the region from Upper Babylon to the Caspian Gates, he ordered who was their leader and Satrap and Perdicus to be their commander-in-chief. He gave India that opens out to the river Ydastem extends Taxio to govern. He determined over India, which is called Subindo and extends to the river Ydastem, is supposed to rule Pythonae . He ordered Parapannisodus to rule Oxydarcus . He ordered Arachusia and Cedrusia to rule Sybartus . He gave all of Arabia to Stasanoro . And Ogdiania he gave Filippo the little one to rule. That which lies around the northern parts and includes Yrcania he gave Antigono to rule. He gave all of Germania to Tripolemo . He gave all of Persidam to Perco . Spaniam to the river Alyo and the Pillars of Heracles he gave Antipalum to rule. So Alexander determined and distributed his rulers and each of them ruled as he commanded. Alexander lived 36 years. He ruled for 17 years as follows: He fought 9 years until he was 28 years old and lived the other eight years in peace and security. He subjugated 22 foreign peoples and 13 Greek tribes. Alexander founded 12 cities that are still inhabited today: 1) Alexandria in Pentapolis 2) Alexandria in Egypt 3) Alexandria near Arpam 4) Alexandria Cabosium 5) Alexandria Scythiam in the Egeis 6) Alexandria in Poro 7) Alexandria on the Cypridum river 8) Alexandria in Troas 9) Alexandria in Babylonia 10) Alexandria in Mesasgyges 11) Alexandria in Persia 12) the most powerful Alexandria and he died.
22nd	From Adam to Alexander the founder, that's a total of 5137 years.	323/2 BC Chr.

Chapter 9

entry	translation	year
1	And from Alexander's death to Cleopatra , the Egyptian, there are 294 years:	29/8 BC Chr.
2	After the death of Alexander, it is said, Philip Ptolomeus , who was Alexander's adviser , ruled Egypt for 7 years. That is a total of 5144 years. The high priest was Ianneus. During this time, the architect Menander became known.	316/5 BC Chr.
3	After Philip, Alexander Ptolemeus , who was Alexander's adviser, ruled for 12 years. That is a total of 5156 years. The high priest in Jerusalem was Ianneus. During these days the 70 Hebrew Sages translated the law into the Greek language.	304/3 BC Chr.
4th	After this, Lagaus Ptolomeus ruled Egypt for 20 years. That is a total of 5176 years. The high priest in Jerusalem was Iaddus. During these days Hiesus , the son of Sirach, who taught the wisdom of God to the Hebrews, became known.	284/3 BC Chr.
5	After this Filadelphus Ptolemeus ruled Egypt for 38 years. That is a total of 5214 years. The high priest was Onias.	246/5 ​​BC Chr.
6th	After Filadelphus reigned in Egypt Eugergetus Ptolemeus for 25 years. That is a total of 5239 years. The high priest in Jerusalem was Simon, and after that another Onias.	221/0 v. Chr.
7th	After Eugergetus, his son Filopator Ptolemeus ruled Egypt for 17 years. That is a total of 5256 years. The high priest in Jerusalem was Eleazarus.	204/3 BC Chr.
8th	After Filopator, his son Epifanius Ptolemeus ruled Egypt for 24 years. That is a total of 5280 years. The high priest in Jerusalem was Manasses.	180/79 BC Chr.
9	After Epifanius Ptolemeus his son reigned in Egypt Filomitor Ptolemeus for 35 years. That is a total of 5315 years. The high priest in Jerusalem was Simon . During this time, the events of the Maccabeis under the Syrian King Antiocho ended .	145/4 BC Chr.
10	After Filomitor Ptolemeus his son reigned in Egypt, another Eugergetus for 29 years. That is a total of 5344 years. The high priest in Jerusalem was another Onias.	116/5 BC Chr.
11	After this Soter called Ptolemeus ruled Egypt for 36 years. That is a total of 5380 years. The high priest in Jerusalem was Hiesus for 6 years and another Onias for 7 years and Ianneus for 15 years.	80/79 BC Chr.
12	After this Novus Dionisus ruled Egypt for 29 years. That is a total of 5409 years. The high priest in Jerusalem was Simon for 8 years and John for 20 years. It was during this time that Sosates, a Hebrew homer, became famous in Alexandria.	51/0 v. Chr.
13	After Novus Dionisus the last of the last Ptolemies, Beronice Cleopatra ruled Egypt for 22 years. That is a total of 5431 years. The period of the rule of the Ptolemies from the death of Alexander to the death of Cleopatra, who built the Farum in Alexandria , is a total of 294 years. From Adam to Cleopatra's death that is 5431 years. And after that, the Lord God handed over the kingdom of Egypt into the hands of the Romans to this day. And to this day there has been no king in Egypt.	29/28 BC Chr.

Book 2

Chapter 1

entry	translation	year
1	And since history is less in Christian and Hebrew books than in folk writings, I was forced by this emergency to look at them in order to research and put together what is related and which gods and heroes were called kings at the respective time and which historical deeds have been handed down, beginning in the days of the Holy Scriptures of the forefather Abraham and the Patriarchs Isaac and Jacob and Moses and who judged after them in Israel and listed the individual prophets and the totality of the kingdoms, so that the kingdoms are united to us from all records.
2	Assyrian rule and period
3	You write that the first Assyrian king was Bilus , who is also known as god in Assyria, Phenicia and Persia. His name is equated in Greek with Zeus. Bilus is documented as the first to rule Assyria and parts of Asia for 62 years.	2160/59 BC Chr. - 2098/7 BC Chr.
4th	After this Ninus ruled for 52 years. He founded the Assyrian city of Nineve and was called Picus in Asia.	2046/5 BC Chr.
5	After this, his wife Semiramis ruled for 42 years. They called these Rea , because of their great cruelty.	2004/3 BC Chr.
6th	After her, Zinas ruled for 38 years.	1966/5 BC Chr.
7th	5. After this Arius 30 years.	1936/5 BC Chr.
8th	6. After this Aranus 40 years.	1896/5 BC Chr.
9	7. After this Xerses , who is also called Balleus, 30 years.	1866/5 BC Chr.
10	8. After this Armamithrus 38 years.	1828/7 BC Chr.
11	9. After this Bilochus 35 years.	1793/2 BC Chr.
12	10. After this balleus 52 years.	1741/0 v. Chr.
13	11. After this Altallus 35 years.	1706/5 BC Chr.
14th	12. After this Mamithus 30 years.	1676/5 BC Chr.
15th	13. After this Magchaleus 30 years.	1646/5 BC Chr.
16	14. Ita Sphairos 20 years.	1626/5 BC Chr.
17th	15. Mamithus 35 years.	1591/0 v. Chr.
18th	16. Spareus 40 years.	1551/0 v. Chr.
19th	17. Ascatagus 40 years.	1511/0 v. Chr.
20th	18. Amintus 50 years.	1461/0 v. Chr.
21st	19. Attosai or Semiramis, a woman 23 years.	1438/7 BC Chr.
22nd	20. Bilochus 25 years.	1413/4 BC Chr.
23	21. Belleroparus 34 years.	1379/8 BC Chr.
24	22. Lampridus 32 years.	1347/6 BC Chr.
25th	23. Sosarus 20 years.	1327/6 BC Chr.
26th	24. Lamparus 30 years.	1297/6 BC Chr.
27	25. Pannius or Zeus 45 years.	1252/1 BC Chr.
28	26. Sosarmus 20 years.	1232/1 BC Chr.
29	27. Mithreus 35 years.	1197/6 BC Chr.
30th	28. Tautalus 32 years.	1165/4 BC Chr.
31	29. Euteus 40 years.	1125/4 BC Chr.
32	In its 32nd year, Sol (Troy) was destroyed by the Acheis .	1133/2 BC Chr.
33	30. Thineus 30 years.	1095/4 BC Chr.
34	31. Cercillus 40 years.	1055/4 BC Chr.
35	32. Eupalus 38 years.	1017/6 BC Chr.
36	33. Laustenus 45 years.	972/1 BC Chr.
37	34. Peritiadus 30 years.	942/1 BC Chr.
38	35. Ofrateus 20 years.	922/1 BC Chr.
39	36. Ofratanus 50 years.	872/1 BC Chr.
40	37. Acrapazus 40 years.	832/1 BC Chr.
41	38. Thonos concelerus , also called Sardanapallus in Greek , 30 years.	802/1 v. Chr.
42	39. Ninus 19 years. In total, the 39 ancient Assyrian kings survived 1430 years.	783/2 BC Chr.
43	It was 67 years from them to the 1st Olympics. Assyrian Kingdom.	716/5 BC Chr.

Chapter 2

entry	translation	year
1	We arrive at the Egyptian kingdom, which is the oldest of all kingdoms. We record the beginning as narrated by Manetho. First the gods, as recorded, ruled the kings first.
2	1. They say that the god Ifestus ruled Egypt for 680 years.
3	2. After this Solem ( Re ), the son of Ifestus 77 years.
4th	3. After this sosinosiris 320 years.
5	4. After this Oros , the city ruler for 28 years.
6th	5. After this Tyfona ( Seth ) 45 years. In total, the gods ruled for 1550 years.
7th	The reign of demigods followed.
8th	1. The first was Anubes Amusim, who also joined the Egyptian characters for 83 years
9	2. After this Apion , the second language teacher who is equated with Inachus , who ruled first under the Argives , is 67 years old
10	1. Then the kings of Ecynios , whom he declares demigods and those whom he calls the most powerful, 2100 years
11	2. Mineus and his 7 descendants ruled for 253 years
12	3. Bochus and 8 more 302 years
13	4. Necherocheus and 7 more 214 years
14th	5. Another 17 more 277 years
15th	6. Another 21 more 258 years
16	7. Othoi and 7 more 203 years
17th	8. Again another 14 140 years
18th	9. Again another 20 409 years
19th	10. Again 7 more 204 years
20th	Here ends the first volume of Manethos, which spans 2100 years (correct would be 2260 years).
21st	11th dynasty of Diopoliten 60 years
22nd	12th dynasty of Bubastiden 153 years
23	13th dynasty of Taniten 184 years
24	14th dynasty of the Sebennytes 224 years
25th	15th dynasty of Memphites 318 years
26th	16. Dynasty of Iliopoliten 221 years
27	17th dynasty of the Ermupolites for 260 years
28	The second volume of Manethos extends to the 17th dynasty, as it shows it covers 1520 years (1420 years would be correct). These are the Egyptian dynasties.
29	The remaining kingdoms, however, which became tribes and gradually differed from others, will be given in the chronology of the Argive kingdom.
30th	1. Inachus first reigned in Argos for 50 years. During this time Moyses was born.	1852/1 - 1802/1 BC Chr.
31	2. After this Foroneus reigned for 60 years.	1742/1 BC Chr.
32	In the 55th year the exodus of the Jews from Egypt took place under Moyses.	1747/6 BC Chr.
33	3. After this Apius reigned for 35 years.	1707/6 BC Chr.
34	4. After this, Argius reigned for 70 years.	1637/6 BC Chr.
35	5. After this, Criassus reigned for 56 years.	1581/0 v. Chr.
36	6. After this, Forbas reigned for 35 years.	1546/5 BC Chr.
37	7. After this, Triopas ruled for 66 years.	1480/79 BC Chr.
38	8. After this, Crotopus reigned for 31 years.	1449/8 BC Chr.
39	9. After this Sthenelus reigned for 11 years.	1438/7 BC Chr.
40	10. After this Danaus , who had 50 daughters, ruled for 41 years.	1397/6 BC Chr.
41	11. After this the Egyptian Lyggeus (no year given). In his day Cadamus , the son of Aginor , ascended to Boeotia in search of Europe .	1316/5 BC Chr.
42	12. After this Abas reigned for 23 years.	1293/2 BC Chr.
43	After this Prytus ruled for 27 years.	1266/5 BC Chr.
44	After this, Acrisius ruled for 31 years.	1235/4 BC Chr.
45	After this Pelops ruled with Nomaus for 38 years. The Peloponnese is named after him.	1197/6 BC Chr.
46	After that Atreus and Thyestus 45 years.	1152/1 BC Chr.
47	After this Agamemnus , son of Atreus, 33 years.	1119/8 BC Chr.
48	Now it is together from King Inachus to the devastation of Solis (Troy), which took place in the 18th year of Agamemnon, 718 years.	1134/3 BC Chr.
49	It was 407 years from the destruction of Solis to the first Olympics, as Porfyrius says in his history of philosophy .	727/6 BC Chr.
50	After the destruction of Solis, Agamemnon remained for 15 years.	1119/8 BC Chr.
51	Aegisthus reigned after him for 7 years.	1112/1 BC Chr.
52	Oresthus ruled after him for 28 years.	1084/3 BC Chr.
53	Penthilus ruled after him for 22 years. And the Argive kingdom was surrendered. The Argives ruled together for 790 years.	1062/1 BC Chr.

Chapter 3

entry	translation	year
1	Kings and period of the Sicinians , now called Elladicians.
2	We are now also presenting the Sycinians, who are also called Elladicers. We arrange the kingdom from the time it began and show when it ended. Africanus says that it existed for 1007 years. It is 329 years from the end to the first Olympics, so it was 1336 years from the beginning of the royal rule in Sicyon to the first Olympics.
3	In the 29th year of the patriarch Iacob, the kingship began in Sycion.	1959/8 BC Chr. (According to book 1)
4th	1. Egialeus 52 years. In the 29th year of Jacob, 89th year Isaac, 114th year Abraham, the reign of kings began in Ellada.	2063/2 - 2011/0 v. Chr.
5	2. Europs 45 years.	1966/5 BC Chr.
6th	3. Telchus 20 years.	1946/5 BC Chr.
7th	4. Amfus 25 years.	1921/0 v. Chr.
8th	5. Thelxius 52 years.	1869/8 BC Chr.
9	6. Egydrus 34 years.	1835/4 BC Chr.
10	7. Turimachus 45 years.	1790/89 BC Chr.
11	8. Leucippus 53 years.	1737/6 BC Chr.
12	In the 43rd year of Leucippus was the exodus of the Jews from Egypt.	1747/6 BC Chr.
13	9. Mesapfus 47 years.	1690/89 BC Chr.
14th	10. Eratus 46 years.	1644/3 BC Chr.
15th	11. Plameus 49 years. Ellada	1595/4 BC Chr.
16	12. Ortopolus 65 years.	1530/29 BC Chr.
17th	13. Marathus 30 years.	1500/99 BC Chr.
18th	14. Maratheus 20 years.	1480/79 BC Chr.
19th	15. Echyrus 55 years.	1425/4 BC Chr.
20th	16. Corax 20 years.	1405/4 BC Chr.
21st	17. Epopeus 35 years.	1370/69 BC Chr.
22nd	18. Laomedus 43 years.	1327/6 BC Chr.
23	19. Inachus 45 years.	1282/1 BC Chr.
24	20th Festus 50 years.	1232/1 BC Chr.
25th	21. Adrastus 4 years.	1228/7 BC Chr.
26th	22. Polifidus 31 years.	1197/6 BC Chr.
27	23. Pelastus 20 years.	1177/6 BC Chr.
28	24. Zeuxippus 35 years.	1142/1 BC Chr.
29	25. Polybus 45 years.	1097/6 BC Chr.
30th	The kingship of the Sicyonians existed until Zeuxippus for 581 years (the sum of the years given is 966, for the sum of 1007 it should be 980 years). After Zeuxippus there were no more kings, but Karneen priests followed them for 28 years (the total of the years of the following priests is 18).	1069/8 BC Chr.
31	The first priest was Archelaus 1 year.	1096/5 BC Chr.
32	After this Automidus 1 year.	1095/4 BC Chr.
33	After this Methudutus 1 year.	1094/3 BC Chr.
34	After this Euneus 4 years.	1090/89 BC Chr.
35	After this Theonomus 1 year.	1089/8 BC Chr.
36	After this Amficyus 9 years.	1080/79 BC Chr.
37	After this Charidus , who couldn't keep up the food supply and fled. 1 year.	1079/8 BC Chr.
38	It is 329 years from him to the first Olympics. All years of government from Egialeus to the first Olympiad are a total of 1336 years. argivische Könige Karneenpriester	750/49 BC Chr.
39	Athenian kings
40	Not much time had passed between the people's exodus from Egypt and the beginning of the Athenian rule. In the 208th year since the Exodus, Cecrops the Slender was the first to rule in Athens and after this how they were narrated:	1540/39 BC Chr.
41	1. Cecrops the Slim 50 years	1490/89 BC Chr.
42	In the 35th year of Cecrops, Promitheus , Epimitheus and Atlas are recorded and those who descend from Zeus are recorded.	1505/4 BC Chr.
43	2. Amfictryus 40 years	1450/49 BC Chr.
44	3. Ericthonius 10 years	1440/39 BC Chr.
45	4. Pandius 50 years	1390/89 BC Chr.
46	5. Erectheus 40 years	1350/49 BC Chr.
47	6. Cecrops , son of Erectheus, 53 years	1297/6 BC Chr.
48	7. Pandius , son of Cecrops 43 years	1254/3 BC Chr.
49	8. In the time of Pandius, son of Cecrops, Cadmus, son of Aginor, was the first to bring the Greeks a font.	1254/3 BC Chr.
50	9. Egeus , son of Pandius 48 years	1206/5 BC Chr.
51	10. Thiseus , son of Egeus 31 years	1175/4 BC Chr.
52	11. Menestheus 19 years	1156/5 BC Chr.
53	12. Dimofus 35 years	1121/0 v. Chr.
54	13. Oxyntus 14 years	1107/6 BC Chr.
55	14. Afydus 1 year	1106/5 BC Chr.
56	15. Thymytus 9 years	1097/6 BC Chr.
57	16. Melanthus 37 years	1060/59 BC Chr.
58	17. Codrus 21 years	1039/8 BC Chr.
59	It is 492 years from Cecrops the Slim to Codrus. According to Codrus, the archons existed for life . Cecrops was called Difyis because he was slim compared to everyone else.
60	Archon for life
61	After Codrus, his son became the first archon for life in Athens.
62	1. Medrus , son of Codrus 20 years	1019/8 BC Chr.
63	2. Acastus 39 years	980/79 BC Chr.
64	3. Archippus 40 years	940/39 BC Chr.
65	4. Forbus 33 years	940/39 BC Chr.
66	5. Megaclus 28 years	912/1 BC Chr.
67	6. Diognitus 28 years	884/3 BC Chr.
68	7. Fereclus 15 years	869/8 BC Chr.
69	8. Arifrus 30 years	839/8 BC Chr.
70	9. Thispeus 40 years	799/8 BC Chr.
71	10. Agamistor 26 years	773/2 BC Chr.
72	11. Thersippus 23 years	750/49 BC Chr.
73	12. Eschylus years	723/2 BC Chr.
74	In the second year of Eschylus, the first Olympics were held by the Greeks. Together it is 814 years from the beginning of the reign of Cecrops to the first Olympics. According to Eschylus this was thirteenth:	748/7 BC Chr.
75	13. Almeus 10 years	713/2 BC Chr.
76	14. Corops 10 years	703/2 BC Chr.
77	15. Esimidus 10 years	693/2 BC Chr.
78	16. Celdicus 10 years	683/2 BC Chr.
79	17. Ippomenus 10 years	673/2 BC Chr.
80	18. Leocratis 10 years	663/2 BC Chr.
81	19. Apsandrus 10 years	653/2 BC Chr.
82	20. Erygius 10 years	643/2 BC Chr.
83	And the Athenian royal rule ended in the 24th Olympiad. Together, the Athenian rulership from Cecrops to Oxyrius is 907 years.	633/2 BC Chr.

Chapter 4

entry	translation	year
1	Latin kings, also called Roman.
2	The Latin kingdom, also called the Roman, is more powerful than the Assyrian, Egyptian, Argive, or Sikysian, which is also called the Greek, and Athenian, which we find mentioned in history. And we follow the steps of the Romans, who are also called Latins, and order their times. In fact , the Latin kingdom begins with Eraclio and Telefus , who is called Latinus, as we said in the earlier written, with whom Eneas , the Phrygian and son of Anchisso and Afroditis, ruled 19 years after the destruction of Solis in the days of the priest Heli and the prophet Samuhelis according to Hebrew history.	1155/4 BC Chr.
3	1. Eneas Silvius 38 years	1117/6 BC Chr.
4th	2. Ascanius Silvius 35 years	1082/1 BC Chr.
5	3. Albas Silvius 36 years	1046/5 BC Chr.
6th	4. Tittus Silvius 38 years	1008/7 BC Chr.
7th	5. Francus Silvius 53 years	955/4 BC Chr.
8th	6. Latinus Silvius 56 years	899/8 BC Chr.
9	7. Procnax Silvius 46 years	853/2 BC Chr.
10	8. Tarcinius Silvius 18 years	835/4 BC Chr.
11	9. Cidensus Silvius 32 years	803/2 BC Chr.
12	10. Abintinus Silvius 21 years	782/1 BC Chr.
13	11. Rimus Silvius 29 years	753/2 BC Chr.
14th	Until Rimus Silvius the Latin kingdom was praised and lasted 302 years (402 years would be correct). After this Romulus ruled, who founded Rome, after which they are called Romans.
15th	Romulus ruled for 38 years	715/4 BC Chr.
16	Nummus Pompiius 41 years	674/3 BC Chr.
17th	Tullius Servilius 32 years	642/1 BC Chr.
18th	Lucius Tarcinius 23 years	619/8 BC Chr.
19th	Tittus superbus 38 years	581/0 v. Chr.
20th	Tullius Servius 41 years (correct would be 44 years)	537/6 BC Chr.
21st	Cyintus Tarcinius 35 years	502/1 BC Chr.
22nd	It's been a total of 251 years since Romulus. That adds up to 653 years for the Latin kingdom, also called the Roman kingdom.	502/1 BC Chr.
23	The kingdom disappeared in the 66th Olympiad. At that time the appointed princes followed until Gaius Iulius Cesar reigned.	516-512 BC Chr.
24	Reigns of the Lacedaemon Kingdom The Lacedaemonians ruled for 325 years (correct would be 370 years) and disappeared during the first Olympiad, which took place under the reign of the Judean king Achaz in the days of the prophet Esaias and began with Erystheus . In the twentieth year of Sahul , the kings of the Lacedaemonians began	1046/5 BC Chr.
25th	and disappeared in the first year of Achaz, the Judean king, at the time when the first Olympiad was taking place in Greece.	726/5 BC Chr.
26th	1. These individuals are their kings.
27	2. Erystheus 42 years	1004/3 BC Chr.
28	3. Egeus 2 years	1002/1 BC Chr.
29	4. Echestratus 34 years	968/7 BC Chr.
30th	Labotus 37 years	931/0 v. Chr.
31	5. Dorystheus 29 years	902/1 v. Chr.
32	6. Agisilaus 30 years	872/1 BC Chr.
33	7. Cemenelaus 44 years	828/7 BC Chr.
34	8. Archelaus 60 years	768/7 BC Chr.
35	9. Celeclus 40 years	728/7 BC Chr.
36	10. Alcamanus 27 years	701/0 v. Chr.
37	11. Automedus 25 years	676/5 BC Chr.
38	Together, the kings of Lacedaemon remained in government for 350 years (370 years would be correct). And then the Lacedaemonian kingdom was scattered.
39	The Corinthian kings and reigns. The Corinthian Kingdom was introduced in the second year of the Lacedaemonian king Erystheus. It lasted for 323 years. At the same time, the Lacedaemonians share the 323 years during which the Corinthian kings asserted themselves. When Erystheus Lacedaimon reigned in the second year, Alitus was the first to reign in Corinth and the successors reigned afterwards.	1045/4 BC Chr.
40	1. Alitus 35 years	1010/09 v. Chr.
41	2. Exius 37 years	973/2 BC Chr.
42	3. Agelaus 33 years	940/39 BC Chr.
43	4. Prymnus 35 years	905/4 BC Chr.
44	5. Bacchus 35 years	870/69 BC Chr.
45	6. Agelas 34 years	836/5 BC Chr.
46	7. Eumidus 25 years	811/0 v. Chr.
47	8. Aristomidus 35 years	776/5 BC Chr.
48	9. Igemonius 16 years	760/59 BC Chr.
49	10. Alexander 25 years	735/4 BC Chr.
50	11. Telestus 9 years	726/5 BC Chr.
51	12. Automenus 4 years	722/1 v. Chr.
52	These Corinthian kings ruled beginning in the 31st year (21st year would be correct) of Sahul, the Judean king,	1045/4 BC Chr.
53	and disappeared in the 15th year of reign of Ioatham, son of Ozias and father of Achas, king of Judea.	713/2 BC Chr.

Chapter 5

entry	translation	year
1	The Macedonian kings and reigns. The Macedonian kingdom will not remain silent as the Romans maintain strength not long before the 33rd year of the Judean King Ozias. It ruled for 647 years until it ceased in the year of the 53rd Olympiad (153rd Olympiad would be correct). Ozias ruled Jerusalem and Judah for 52 years.
2	In the 33rd year of Ozias the Macedonian kingdom was established. Cranaus was the first to rule Macedonia as the series shows:	762/1 BC Chr.
3	1. Cranaus 28 years	788/7 BC Chr.
4th	2. Cynus 12 years	776/5 BC Chr.
5	3. Tyrimmus 38 years	738/7 BC Chr.
6th	4. Perdicus 51 years	687/6 BC Chr.
7th	5. Argeus 38 years	649/8 BC Chr.
8th	6. Filippus 26 years	621/0 v. Chr.
9	7. Aeropus 38 years	583/2 BC Chr.
10	8. Alcetus 29 years	554/3 BC Chr.
11	9. Amyntus 50 years	504/3 BC Chr.
12	10. Alexander 43 years	461/0 BC
13	11. Perdicus 28 years	433/2 BC Chr.
14th	12. Arcelaus 24 years	409/8 BC Chr.
15th	13. Orestus 3 years	406/5 BC Chr.
16	14. Another Arceclaus 1½ years	404 BC Chr.
17th	15. Amyntus 3 years	401 BC Chr.
18th	16. Pausanius 1½ years	400/399 BC Chr.
19th	17. Argeus 3 years	397/6 BC Chr.
20th	18. Another Amyntus 18 years old	379/8 BC Chr.
21st	19. Another Alexander 2 years	377/6 BC Chr.
22nd	20. Ptolemy 3 years	374/3 BC Chr.
23	21. Another Perdicus 6 years	368/7 BC Chr.
24	22. Filippus 26 years	342/1 BC Chr.
25th	23. Another Amyntus 6 years	336/5 BC Chr.
26th	24. Another Alexander 13 years	323 BC Chr.
27	Alexander ruled over the all kingdoms of the Macedonian Empire. After Alexander the founder, its leaders had administered the property. And the Macedonian Empire ruled in the sequence Filippus , the brother of Alexander and then according to the sequence:
28	25. Filippus, the brother 7 years	316/5 BC Chr.
29	26. Cassandrus 19 years	297/6 BC Chr.
30th	27. the children of Cassandrus 4 years	293/2 BC Chr.
31	28. Dimitrius 5 years	288/7 BC Chr.
32	29. Pyrrhus 11 months	287/6 BC Chr.
33	30. Lysimachus 5 years	282/1 v. Chr.
34	31. Ptolomeus Ceraunus 2 years	280/79 BC Chr.
35	32. Meleagrus 7 months	279 BC Chr.
36	33. Antipatrus 2 months	279 BC Chr.
37	34. Sosthenus 2 years	277 BC Chr.
38	35. Antigonus Gonata 35 years	242 BC Chr.
39	36. Dimitrius 10 years	232 BC Chr.
40	37. Another Antigonus 15 years	217 BC Chr.
41	38. Another Filippus 45 years	172 BC Chr.
42	39. Perseus 10 years	162 BC Chr.
43	This is the Macedonian kingship, which they ruled from the 33rd year of Ozias, King of Judea, and which they held for 647 years and ended in the 153rd Olympiad.	168 BC Chr.
44	The Lydian rulers and reigns And the Lydian rule existed for 232 years. It started with Ardirus , the first Lydian king. Under Cryssus , it was subdued by Cyrus the Persian and was finished in the 58th Olympiad.	548-544 BC Chr.
45	The beginning of the first Olympiad is the beginning of the Lydian rule in the first year of Achaz. The rule of the Lydians lasted for 232 years.	776/5 BC Chr.
46	1. Ardirus 36 years	740/39 BC Chr.
47	2. Alyatus 14 years	726/5 BC Chr.
48	3. Midus 12 years	714/3 BC Chr.
49	4. Caudalus 17 years	697/6 BC Chr.
50	5. Gygus 36 years	661/0 BC Chr.
51	6. Ardyssus 38 years	623/2 BC Chr.
52	7. Salyatus 15 years	608/7 BC Chr.
53	8. Another aliatus 49 years	559/8 BC Chr.
54	9. Cryssus 15 years	544/3 BC Chr.
55	This is the Lydian royal rule, with the beginning of the first Olympiad, begins in the first year of the Judean king Achaz and ends in the 58th Olympiad. That is a total of 232 years.
56	Median kings and reigns The Median royal rule existed for 269 years. And Cyrus the Persian destroyed their kingdom and ruled it from Persia at the beginning of the 55th Olympiad. 216 years had passed by the 54th Olympiad. The royal rule in the media began 3 years before the first Olympiad, this is the 15th year of the reign of Ozias, the Judean king.

expenditure

• Benjamin Garstad (Ed.): Apocalypse of Pseudo-Methodius / An Alexandrian World Chronicle . Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass. 2012, p. 142ff. (Edition with English translation).
• Excerpta ex Barbaro Scaligeri. In: Theodor Mommsen (Ed.): Auctores antiquissimi 9: Chronica minora saec. IV. V. VI. VII. (I). Berlin 1892, pp. 272–293 ( Monumenta Germaniae Historica , digitized version )

literature

• Richard Klein: Excerpta Barbari . In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages . Vol. 4, Col. 156.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ This is also indicated by the old signatures Frères Dupuy 133 (ancienne cote) and Regius 4901 (ancienne cote)

Web links

• Chronica universalis Alexandrina latina sive Cronica Georgii Ambianensis episcopi, quae dicitur Excerpta latina Barbari Scaligeri. on Gallica
• Bibliothèque nationale de France, Archives et manuscrits
• in www.attalus.org