Floods in Central Europe in 2013

Low Frederik and Günther
Main precipitation area
storm	Heavy rain with subsequent floods
General weather situation	Vb weather conditions
Data
education	26./27. May 2013 (Eastern Mediterranean)
Precipitation maximum	May 31 - June 2, 2013
Amount of rain	403.6 mm / 4 d (May 30, 12:00 - 3rd June 12:00 Aschau , Bavaria )
Annual flood (peak)	≈ 500 ( Passau / Donau , ≲ 1501 )
consequences
affected areas	Germany , Austria , Czech Republic , Poland , Switzerland , Slovakia , Hungary , Croatia , Serbia
Victim	at least 25 fatalities

 Map with all linked sites: OSM | WikiMap

The floods in Central Europe in late May and early June 2013 were caused by days of rain from atmospheric rivers . Severe flooding occurred in seven countries.

weather condition

Rainfall in 72 hours from May 31 to June 2, 2013

The entire spring of 2013 was rainy in Central Europe and it had started late. In some areas, May had been the wettest on record. there had already been floods at the beginning of May (e.g. Bad Ischl in Upper Austria : 460 mm of precipitation from May 3rd to June 3rd).

A low pressure complex (Christopher / Dominik ) had formed over Central Europe in the last decade of May, immediately followed by Frederik / Günther in the context of abnormal Vb weather conditions and in combination with pronounced high altitude kernels in the first days of June 2013. Very humid air flowed far and wide Arc over the Black Sea and Central Eastern Europe from the northeast to Central Europe. Deep Frederik , which was responsible for the main event, had developed in the eastern Adriatic region, had moved primarily northwards and stayed for a long time over the Eastern Alps. Towards the end of the event it even reversed its trajectory and, contrary to the Vb normal case, migrated back to the upper Adriatic region. Deep Günther , then determining the weather in the northern Carpathian arch, only formed - a rare case - over Eastern Europe. The situation was also blocked by a mighty White Sea high, which simultaneously caused a heat wave and forest fire warnings in northern Scandinavia (33 ° C Startbyn in Sweden on the Arctic Circle , 31 ° C Helsinki , Finland).

Pressure anomalies in the northern hemisphere, May 30, 2013: Inverse omegalage of the Mediterranean and Eastern European low Frederik (below) between the Atlantic high and the Scandinavian and White Sea high

Overall, as with the cold spell and the series of summer storms of the previous year, the location of the action centers in the northern hemisphere was not very dynamic . The jet stream was further south than usual at the time. The result was an "inverted Omega situation ": the low pressure areas between two stable high pressure areas - one (Sabine) over the Eastern Atlantic or Western Europe and the one over the White Sea region - could hardly shift. This meteorological constellation has been determining the weather for weeks. (On the Atlantic-polar oscillation NAO rising to +1, AO falling below 0) can the global teleconnection a connection with the ruling post- La Niña phase ( ENSO ) are produced (Oceanic Niño Index proposes to: ONI = -0.2 rising for May).

Overflow on the lower Elbe: In the foreground on the right the left Havel dike protrudes from the Havel lowlands, which are mainly flooded by backwater. In the center of the picture Havelberg with its old town island. In the Elbe valley behind, on the right the mouth of the Havel extended by the Gnevsdorf receiving water , on the left of the center the Elbe, in between the lock canal as a straight diagonal

Tremendous rainfall, locally up to 400 mm in four days ( Aschau-Stein , Bavaria , May 30 - June 3, 2013), there was in the northern damming of the Alps and also in the Ore Mountains - Sudeten bend. The completely saturated soils and the flood buffers that were completely filled could hardly absorb any more water. The former is also indicated by microwave radiometer images from the SMOS satellite . Only the extremely low snow line had a dampening effect ; at the end of May it had sunk to 1000 m ( Brunnenkogel , Tyrol, May 24, 3440 m: −15.7 ° C: Mariazell , Styria, 1000 m, May 24: 0 ° C), at the height of the precipitation event in Alpine region around 1500–1800 meters and bound a large part of the precipitation. According to calculations by the German Weather Service , a total of 13.4 billion cubic meters of precipitation was recorded in the four days of heavy rain between May 30 and June 2 in the affected federal states of Bavaria, Saxony, Thuringia and Hesse alone.

Estimation of the annuality

The event is consistently classified as a hundred- year extreme event, both in terms of rainfall intensity and as a flood of the century ( HQ ₁₀₀ ). The record values ​​from the years 2002 and 2005 were exceeded at many measuring points in the Alpine and Danube regions, in some cases also that of the Danube flood in 1954, which is considered to be the heaviest of the 20th century. The 2002 flood in the Elbe region was also exceeded at least from the Dessau gauge downstream.

The flood in Passau in Bavaria reached a particularly high level . There the 12.89 m mark was reached at the Passau / Danube gauge  , 69 cm higher than in 1954 (12.20 m). For the highest known flood to date in 1501 - generally for Central Europe around HQ ₁₀₀₀ , in some cases significantly higher - a water level of approx. 13.2 m was reconstructed based on more recent findings based on the Danube level "Schanzlbrücke". So it's in the range of a 500-year event. The status of the Magdalen flood on July 22, 1342, which may have been even higher , is not known. Halle reported the highest level in the Saale for 400 years ( Trotha level : 8.10 m, June 3 in the morning), Zeitz on the White Elster in the same order of magnitude as "the highest value ever measured" (6.45 m, June 3) .

Course of the event

Note: The affected countries are roughly mapped from west to east, which largely corresponds to the chronology of events and the progression of precipitation and flood ridges.

Switzerland

In Switzerland, the consequences of the heavy rain, which mainly had a damaging effect from Friday, May 31 to Sunday, June 2, were comparatively minor. The precipitation was concentrated in an area from central Switzerland over the eastern pre-Alps to Lake Constance and northern Grisons . In Engelberg  (OW) they were around 30–50 years, in St. Gallen around 100 years.

There were isolated debris flows , which impaired traffic. Because of the soaked soil in Arth (Canton Schwyz) 30 cubic meters of rock fell on the railway tracks. The Immensee – Arth route had to be closed. A 72-year-old man who fell into a stream is missing.

At the Basel -Rheinhalle gauge, the Rhine reached an uncritical value of 9.46 m. There was occasional flooding of cellars and riverside paths. Due to the flooding of the Birs , there was a brief power outage in Grellingen .

The building insurance (GVZ) in Zurich has received around 50 claims reports, a total of 100 claims reports are expected. The total amount of the damage should be around 500,000 francs. According to the Swiss hail, the agricultural damage reached millions.

Germany

The Elbe flood near Bleckede in Lower Saxony .

In Germany , the floods mainly affected the states of Baden-Württemberg , Bavaria , Brandenburg , Lower Saxony , Saxony , Saxony-Anhalt , Schleswig-Holstein and Thuringia : numerous rivers burst their banks and other larger German river systems also led to floods. Disaster alarms had to be issued in 55 districts, especially in Bavaria, Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt.

The army was on the morning of June 3, 2013, numerous places with more than 19,000 soldiers and reservists in use. The operations are managed by the Bundeswehr Territorial Tasks Command .

The regional fire brigades sent almost 43,500 emergency services to the affected communities in the first week of June; these communities also received great support from other federal states in the largest fire service in the Federal Republic of Germany. By June 9, 2013, over 75,000 firefighters had been deployed. The technical relief organization is also active in all flood areas between Bavaria and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In addition to dike protection work and sandbag shoring, technical and logistical support services form the focus of the work. Over 16,000 THW emergency services were on duty here for around 1,600,000 hours in six weeks. At peak times, the Deutsche Lebens-Rettungs-Gesellschaft (DLRG) deployed over 1,600 emergency services along the Elbe alone. First and foremost, special forces such as divers, rescuers , boatmen and air treaders evacuated flooded areas, ensured supplies via the water and dealt with emergencies in the water.

Baden-Württemberg

Near Freiberg am Neckar , June 2, 2013

At Rastatt from the flooded Murg -Deich car flushed

Branch of the Rench flood canal in Erlach when flooded in May 2013

Continuous rain and flooding in the Swabian Alb area had serious consequences.

In the Talheim area ( Tübingen district ), the edge of the Alb broke off in several places; the road on the Talheimer Steige slipped and was closed until the end of the year. As a result of the heavy rain, a larger part of the Alb eaves broke off in the night of Sunday, June 2, 2013 near Mössingen . As with the Mössing landslide , other slope areas including the forest have been sliding down since then. The slopes of the Alb have already slid in numerous other places or further landslides are threatened (as of June 4, 2013). Examples can be found near the Pfeffinger ski lift, at the Osterquelle between Ebingen and Truchtelfingen north of the Klarahof, in the Bannwald Untereck near Laufen and at the entrance to the Tierberg in Lautlingen .

In Bad Urach ( Reutlingen district ) on May 31, a construction worker fell while doing security work in the Elsach and died; his body was found on June 3, 2013 between Metzingen and Riederich .

In the urban area of Reutlingen , among other things, an underground car park ran full of water and several houses had to be evacuated. In the Reutlingen suburb of Gönningen , the Wiesaz flooded the production facilities of a company, a school and a gym.

In Bad Überkingen ( district of Göppingen ) there was a threat of a soaked dam breaking on the night of June 2, 2013, which would have flooded the entire center of Bad Überkingen with the Fils . A retirement home and several residential buildings were evacuated as a precaution. Thanks to the tireless efforts of several hundred rescue workers and the installation of around 35,000 sandbags, some of which were brought in from the surrounding districts, the dam could be held and the community saved from flooding.

At Kirchentellinsfurt (Tübingen district) the Neckar reached a water level of 5.91 m, which is the highest value ever measured. A ten-year flood was measured at the Gundelsheim and Heidelberg gauges.

In Veringenstadt ( Sigmaringen district ) on the Swabian Alb, the Lauchert flooded parts of the old town on June 1, 2013. A major alarm was triggered to avert danger and to pump down the streets: fire brigade units and technical aid workers from across the region were set in motion to provide cross-country aid .

On June 1, 2013 , the Enz overflowed its banks on federal motorway 8 near Pforzheim and flooded part of the roadway. In Karlsruhe , the federal autobahn 5 and the federal highway 10 were blocked after landslides .

The Rhine gauge in Maxau rose to a level of 8.69 m on Sunday lunchtime and thus reached almost a 10-year flood. The targeted flooding of polders prevented a further increase. At Steinmauern , Rastatt district, a car was washed away on a flooded section of the Murg dike . The four vehicle occupants were able to climb onto the vehicle roof and were rescued by the DLRG and the fire brigade. A fire department boat overturned.

Bavaria

Passau , June 3, 2013

Marktbreit , May 31, 2013

Inn in Neubeuer

In Passau , with a record level of 12.89 m on the evening of June 3rd, which was primarily caused by a tidal wave from the Inn , the worst flood in five hundred years occurred . Smaller tributaries of the Danube also caused extreme floods. One year after the flood, the damage to the Passau urban area was estimated at 241 hectares , 1186 flooded buildings, 7155 residents affected and 190 million euros in damage; Nevertheless, according to Mayor Jürgen Dupper , these figures only gave an "idea" of the full extent of the catastrophe.

In Schrobenhausen, for example, the couple reached an unprecedented high.

A disaster alarm was triggered in Rosenheim on the morning of June 2, 2013 when a dam in the Mangfall was threatened to break. Parts of the city have been evacuated. On the night of June 3, the Mangfall Dam in Kolbermoor was flooded to the south side of Rosenheim and flooded parts of Kolbermoor and the Rosenheim districts of Schwaig and Oberwöhr . The Autobahn 8 was completely flooded by the Tiroler Ache at the Grabenstätt exit on June 2nd and was only accessible again from the afternoon of June 5th. The railway lines Munich – Rosenheim , Rosenheim – Salzburg and the line towards Innsbruck were interrupted at several points. At Freilassing the Saalach stepped over the dams over a length of several hundred meters and flooded parts of the city. In order to enable quick help in the region of southern Bavaria, over 300 rescue workers from Tyrol and parts of Bavaria that were spared were stationed in Neubeuert . From there they moved out to the focal points of Bavaria.

Along the Iller , in the Allgäu, there were rather small, non-dramatic floods with little damage. In some places, small streams crossed their banks. In Kempten (Allgäu) the Iller reached a level of 5.3 meters in the morning on June 2, but did not make it to reporting level 4. There was low flooding along the partly built-up areas along the Iller that were not provided with flood protection walls. The train connection from Kempten to Immenstadt im Allgäu was temporarily interrupted due to the danger to passengers from undermined tracks and possible landslides.

By the flood in the district Deggendorf on 4 June broke due to the backlog of Danube River dam on the river Isar in Deggendorf and flooded the villages fishing village and Natternberg , on the same day was a Danube dam failure at wineries in the district of Deggendorf , a large part of Niederalteich flooded. More than 6,000 people in the Deggendorf district were called upon to leave their homes beforehand or were evacuated in an emergency. The emergency services with the help of the local population were able to prevent further dam breaks in the Deggendorf district. The Autobahn 3 between Deggendorf and Hengersberg and the Autobahn 92 between Deggendorf and Plattling were closed in both directions due to flooding. The A3 was only opened to traffic again on June 15 after 11 days of full closure.

In Regensburg , too , the evacuation of 2000 citizens was prepared as a precaution. The Nuremberg – Regensburg railway line was interrupted due to undermined tracks.

Brandenburg

On June 4th, flood warning level 4 was declared for some areas in Brandenburg, on the Spree , on the Schwarzen Elster and on the Middle Elbe . In order to prevent the Spremberg dam from overflowing , more water was drained into the Spree, which led to intense discoloration due to iron sludge. The Spremberg dam normally absorbs a large part of the wastewater from the Lausitz open-cast brown coal mine.

In the small town of Mühlberg in particular , dams of up to 11 meters in height were built for days to keep an expected flood away from the town. However, in the interests of safety, residents were ordered to leave their homes. By June 8, almost 75% of the over 4,300 residents had left the city. Most recently the Elbe stood at 9.62 m.

Hesse

At Biblis , a dam was removed over a length of 650 meters due to renovation work, which threatened to flood the city with the Weschnitz . In the largest deployment of the fire brigade, THW and other aid organizations in the district for over 35 years, the gap with 80,000 sandbags was closed within 72 hours. In addition, a leak near Biblis-Wattenheim was surrounded by a dam and the polder near Lorsch was opened, which prevented major damage.

In Mainz-Kastel , the Reduit barracks were flooded.

Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania

In the Ludwigslust-Parchim district , two million sandbags were installed for flood protection. At Neu Kaliss there was a charging with 15 layers of sandbags. Minister Lorenz Caffier praised the highly motivated forces of the police .

Lower Saxony

Ihme flood in Hanover at the Ihme Center , May 30, 2013

From May 25, 2013, there was heavy rainfall in Lower Saxony, which lasted several days and caused a regional flood. The catchment area of Aller , Leine , Oker and Weser was particularly affected . As a result, a woman died on May 30, 2013 in Hanover after she was carried away by the current in the floodplain of the Leine in the Stöcken district while crossing a flooded street.

On June 4, 2013, the disaster was discovered in the Lüchow-Dannenberg district . Using sandbags from the sand pit near Tramm took place at the same one Aufkadung the dikes before the arrival of highs instead.

During the flood, around 20,000 full-time and voluntary workers and volunteers were active in the districts of Lüneburg and Lüchow-Dannenberg as well as in other areas of Lower Saxony. In July 2013, the state government of Lower Saxony announced that it would award flood helpers with the 2013 Flood Medal of the State of Lower Saxony .

North Rhine-Westphalia

The floods of the century in Cologne in 1926, 1993 and 1995 each exceeded the 10 meter mark. During this event, the Cologne gauge on June 5 only reached an uncritical high of 7.64 m. Below Kaub in Rhineland-Palatinate, it was possible to avoid the suspension of navigation on the Rhine due to the flattening flood wave.

Rhineland-Palatinate

Flooded bus stop in Worms, June 3, 2013

On the Middle Rhine , the river overflowed its banks and flooded parts of the old towns in several places, including Boppard , St. Goar and Oberwesel . The flood levels were among the ten highest ever recorded. Very high water levels were also measured on the Upper Rhine , for example in Mainz , Oppenheim , Worms , Ludwigshafen am Rhein and Speyer . In the municipalities of Nierstein-Oppenheim and Guntersblum , dam guards were used to protect dams for the first time in 25 years . In Ludwigshafen am Rhein, the area of ​​the Festival of German Films was flooded.

On June 4th at 4:30 a.m., the polder in Ingelheim am Rhein was flooded to counteract a rise in the Rhine.

Saxony

Chemnitz , June 2, 2013

Pirna, June 7, 2013

Play media file

Time lapse from June 4th - 18th, 2013, view of the Elbe bridge in Pirna towards the Eastern Ore Mountains

Repair of the Mulde dam breach above Grunas , June 16, 2013

West Saxony was initially particularly affected by the floods. Here the Freiberger and Zwickauer Mulde , the United Mulde , the Pleiße and the White Elster reached warning level 4 (flood defense). Parts of the communities Colditz , Döbeln , Grimma , Trebsen and Bennewitz as well as the Zwickau district of Schlunzig were evacuated. In Eilenburg , the city center was evacuated and around 7,000 people were housed elsewhere. The Pirk and Eibenstock dams overflowed on the 2nd, a few other dams and reservoirs in the Vogtland, Middle Ore Mountains, Upper Elbe Valley and Upper Lusatia on June 3rd, 2013. In Saxony, after high water level 4 was exceeded, disaster alarms were triggered in the three independent cities of Chemnitz , Leipzig and Dresden as well as in seven other districts of the Free State. While the flood protection was still sufficient in Aue, almost all of the villages down the river were affected by the flood. Parts of Wilkau-Haßlau, Zwickau, Glauchau, Wechselburg, Rochlitz, Colditz and Grimma were under water. Döbeln on the Freiberger Mulde and Chemnitz, Flöha and Frankenberg on the tributaries were also significantly affected. Delays caused by trials and public protests have in many places meant that the flood protection measures planned as a result of the 2002 floods were not (yet) implemented. In contrast, the discharge structure of the White Elster in the Zwenkauer See , which was inaugurated just under a month before, proved its worth .

On the afternoon of June 3, the water levels of the Elbe in Schöna and Riesa as well as the Große Röder in Großdittmannsdorf and the Lausitzer Neisse in Görlitz also reached flood warning level 4. Along the Elbe, the places Königstein , Schmilka and Postelwitz as well as Gohlis , a suburb of Dresden , evacuated. On June 4, the flood situation in West Saxony slowly eased, the levels at Weißer Elster and the two hollows fell significantly. Only at the level measuring points around Leipzig on the Parthe, Weißer Elster and the United Mulde was flood warning level 4 still declared. In contrast, the Elbe level continued to rise and exceeded the nine-meter mark in Schöna on June 4 at 12 noon. In Torgau , flood warning level 4 was proclaimed on June 5 and the nine-meter mark was exceeded on June 7. In Dresden the Elbe was over eight meters high, and many parts of the city close to the Elbe, such as Pillnitz , Laubegast and Gohlis, were affected by flooding. The cities of Königstein and Pirna as well as parts of Radebeul and the old town of Meißen were flooded.

On June 5th, several villages in northern Saxony had to be evacuated because of an overflowing lake. Especially in the community of Löbnitz on the Seelhausen lake and its district of Sausedlitz, the risk of flooding and earth collapses was very high. To relieve the Seelhausen lake, two dams have already been blown up on the Mulde to prevent further filling and flooding of the unprotected Bitterfeld. In Dresden a sports hall had to be flooded to prevent it from floating up from below. After overflowing a dam, almost 600 people were brought to safety in the Gohlis district .

In the Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains district , over 11,000 people had to be brought to safety on June 6th when the ten meters mark was exceeded at the Schöna gauge on the border with the Czech Republic. In the morning hours on the Děčín – Dresden-Neustadt railway line between Dolní Žleb and Heidenau, local rail passenger transport was also suspended. In the port of Děčín , several gas tanks and loading containers came loose, some of which also floated below the surface of the Elbe. At noon on June 6th, the peak of the Elbe was reached in Dresden with 8.76 m, then the level remained at a high level for days. Between Nünchritz and the Riesa road bridge, from a level of 880 cm (the apex was then 932 cm), water flowed in several places over the right Elbe dike, which then broke at Zeithain-Moritz . The B 169 was flooded. In the peak of the flood, one eighth of the estimated flow of 4000 m³ / s flowed on land, following an earlier Elbarm.

On June 8th and 9th, strong thunderstorms passed over the district of Central Saxony , which, benefiting from the already water-saturated soil, again caused considerable flooding. Heavy rainfall on June 9th caused rivers and streams to rise sharply , especially in Eastern Saxony . The land water in Oderwitz rose from 60 centimeters to 2.55 meters within an hour. For a short time, flood alarm level 4 was in effect. The Görlitz – Dresden railway line was submerged and closed in several places.

Saxony-Anhalt

Flood in Halle - Kröllwitz on June 3, 2013

Satellite image of the flooding of the Elbe and Saale rivers on June 7, 2013

Satellite image of the Elbe and Saale rivers on May 6, 2013

Sandbags in the staging area Farsleben

Filling sandbags for dike defense in the Börde district

sandbags washed around in the city center of Halle (Saale)

In Saxony-Anhalt, many areas around the Saale were flooded, including Halle (Saale) , Zeitz , Merseburg , Weißenfels , Naumburg , Bernburg (Saale) and Bad Dürrenberg . At the same time, the Unstrut , Weisse Elster , Mulde , Elbe , Havel and other large and small rivers also caused floods. On June 3, the Pretziener weir was opened, which is one of the flood protection systems for Magdeburg and Schönebeck and diverts part of the Elbe water past the cities. In the first few days, over 1000 residents in Zeitz (White Elster; June 3, 2013), Jeßnitz (Mulde; June 3, 2013) and Bitterfeld (Mulde; June 4 and 7, 2013) were evacuated. In Zeitz, the highest level of the White Elster ever measured was reached on June 3, at 6.52 m. As a result, on June 5, two pillars of a railway bridge on the Zeitz – Altenburg railway line were so badly damaged that freight traffic to the Zeitz Chemical and Industrial Park had to be stopped. Zeitz train station was closed until June 9th. The Mulde flood caused the suspension of rail traffic between Wolfen and Dessau . An acute danger arose for Bitterfeld from the Seelhausen lake . This filled up quickly due to the breach of the dam in Roitzschjora . In order to prevent it from overflowing into the Großer Goitzschesee and thus threatening Bitterfeld acutely, the technical relief organization and the armed forces had to blow up the dike on June 4th and 6th to relieve the side of the Mulde.

In Halle (Saale), where the White Elster flows into the Saale, the Saale level in Trotha exceeded the 8 m mark in the early morning hours of June 5, thus surpassing the previous high of 7 m on March 15, 1947 It is the highest flood since the Saale dams went into operation and even the highest since November 25, 1890, when the Saale in Halle rose to 10.10 m, converted to today's Trotha UP level. After the flooding of the Saale had partially flooded Glauchaer Platz, the traditional Handel Festival was canceled. The tram traffic between Halle and Halle-Neustadt was cut, the schools in Halle-Neustadt closed until June 10th. The University of Halle also stopped teaching for an initial week and called on the students to actively support those affected. After the Gimritzer Damm began to overflow on June 5, a voluntary evacuation of the eastern and southern parts of the largest district of Halle-Neustadt was initiated, as the water was also pressing from below. Hundreds of emergency workers and thousands of volunteers fought against water leaks here. Meanwhile, a pumping station failed. The evacuation should affect a total of almost 30,000 residents. Parts of the city center, especially the submerged Klaustorvorstadt and the Ratswerder, were also affected by the evacuation and closings. The highest water level on June 5th was 8.10 meters. To be on the safe side, twelve old people's homes (with around 6,000 people) were evacuated. In July 2013, Lord Mayor Bernd Wiegand started the construction of the new Gimritzer Damm without a plan approval procedure, as he sees danger to life and limb. Moving the dike forward leads to the destruction of a retention area of ​​64,626 m³. Not only was a lawsuit filed against the latter, but a petition on openPetition was also launched.

The federal highway 181 had to be partially closed in Merseburg (Saale), as well as numerous other streets in cities and villages. In Bernburg (Saale) , the highest water level measured so far (January 2011: 5.84 meters) was reached on June 5, 2013. On the morning of June 6th, he was 6.44 m and rose to 6.50 m. Parts of the valley town were flooded. Deer and wild boar drowned in the city's zoo. Evacuations were necessary in the vicinity of the town of Könnern .

In Nienburg (Saale) , where the Bode flows into the Saale, the monastery was at times threatened. There were also restrictions and floods in numerous smaller towns. The sewage treatment plant in Leuna (Saale) could only work to a limited extent. In some cities, the dike protection showed success, for example in Merseburg or Bad Dürrenberg . In Calbe (Saale) near the mouth of the Saale and Elbe, a backwater threatened to exacerbate the flood situation, so that an evacuation was initiated after the flood had reached the town hall. The highest water level in the Saale was 9.64 meters on the evening of June 6th.

A disaster alarm was triggered along the Elbe on June 5th. One million sandbags were sent from North Rhine-Westphalia for Schönebeck and Magdeburg alone. In contrast to the Elbe flood in 2002, this time the massive Saale flood was added. The Havel also flooded, so attempts were still being made in Havelberg to raise the dams.

On June 6th, a volunteer died while filling sandbags in Barby . Also in the Salzlandkreis in the Aderstedt district of the city of Bernburg, a woman died during the evacuation. In Wittenberg , a man died in a collision with a sandbag truck. After a dam broke, almost 2,200 people had to be brought to safety in Elster (Elbe) on the morning of June 7th . The failure of two wastewater treatment plants in Greiz and Berga (Thuringia) also prevented the treatment of wastewater from over 20,000 households, which now flowed into the White Elster without being clarified.

On the morning of June 7th, the highest level of the Elbe flood of 2002 (6.72 m) was reached in Magdeburg and exceeded by far during the day. Several rail connections had to be stopped, for example at Wittenberg or between Magdeburg and Schönebeck.

On June 8th, the dikes in Magdeburg had to be defended against the water masses over a length of almost 20 km. Residents of individual parts of the city were asked to leave. In Schönebeck, water penetrated the old town, so that several hundred residents had to be brought to safety. Evacuations have also started in Wittenberg and the area around Wolmirstedt . Over 10,000 people from the city of Aken and the surrounding area were brought to safety due to damage to local dykes.

On the morning of June 9, the train connection to Berlin was interrupted in Magdeburg because the route across the Elbe had to be blocked. The ICE route via Stendal was also later closed. A few hours later a dike broke near Klein Rosenburg . In the afternoon, the Magdeburg districts east of the Elbe were evacuated as a precaution. Around 23,000 people in Cracau , Prester , Pechau and Randau-Calenberge were affected . The highest level of the Elbe was measured on June 9th at 7.48 m, 76 cm higher than in 2002. On the night of June 9th to 10th, the Elbe dike broke near Fischbeck near Tangermünde in the district of Stendal , what u. a. the flooding of Fischbeck, Kabelitz and their surroundings, but at the same time caused a slight drop in the water level in other parts of the Elbe. From June 12, Wust in the Stendal district also had to be evacuated. Despite the distance of nine kilometers from the Elbe, the place could no longer be protected from the masses of water. On June 15, two barges were sunk by blasting in front of the dike breach in order to reduce the approximately 90 meter wide leak in the dike and then to close it better. Two days later a third barge was set ashore there.

Up to 1000 m³ per second flowed out for days and flooded about 220 km² in the Elbe-Havel-Winkel . On June 17th the water covered less than 145 km². A dike near Hohengöhren was abandoned on the afternoon of June 10th after it had slipped, but it held out.

Schleswig-Holstein

In Lauenburg / Elbe , work began on June 5 to clear around 150 houses near the Elbe. The highest level of the Elbe of 9.64 m was reached on June 12th.

Behind the Geesthacht barrage , the Elbe flood has little impact due to the Elbtide .

Thuringia

Goessnitz , June 2, 2013

In Thuringia, the flood began on May 31st, the center of the country was particularly affected, especially the Gera in the Erfurt area and its smaller tributary Wipfra in the Ilm district . On June 1st, the Gera in Erfurt- Möbisburg swelled to a flow rate of around 190 m³ / s (normal: 6 m³ / s) and a water level of almost 4 meters (normal: 76 cm). In the Geratal south of Erfurt there were floods, in the Gera floodplain north of the city dyke breaches were feared, but these did not materialize. The Wipfra reached its apex on May 31st at a level of 2.8 m (normal: 46 cm) and a flow of 28 m³ / s (normal: 0.5 m³ / s) in Eischleben . There were floods in some villages, for example in Elxleben and Niederwillingen . In the days that followed, the floods shifted to the east and intensified. The Ilm reached its apex on the lower reaches in Niedertrebra in the night of June 2nd at a level of 2.8 m (normal: 73 cm) and a flow of 130 m³ / s (normal: 6 m³ / s). Among other things, it flooded the UNESCO World Heritage Park on the Ilm in Weimar .

On June 1, the water level on the Saale exceeded the highest warning level, and the flood situation lasted longer than on the small rivers. The apex in Camburg was only reached on June 3rd at about 4.8 m (normal: 1 m) and a flow of about 270 m³ / s (normal: 31 m³ / s). The flood situation was stretched over time because the large dams on the upper reaches ( Bleilochtalsperre and Hohenwarte reservoir ) were able to regulate the water flow somewhat. On June 4th, the Bleilochtalsperre had to start draining more water, which led to a threatening flood situation for the town of Ziegenrück , located directly in front of the dam . In the further course of the Saale, the Oberaue in Jena was flooded with the Ernst Abbe sports field , while the damage in the city was otherwise limited.

On the Weißen Elster and the Pleiße in the east of Thuringia, the floods caused great damage, with the cities of Greiz , Berga / Elster and Gera being particularly affected, as well as many villages in the flat Altenburger Land in the Pleißenaue as Ponitz , Gößnitz , Großstöbnitz , Lehndorf , Mockern , Saara , Windischleuba , Treben and Serbitz , where there were evacuations. In Gößnitz, 650 residents of the city center and in Serbitz all 150 residents of the town were brought to safety. The White Elster peaked in Gera on June 3rd at 4.6 m (normal: 0.5 m) and a flow of 600 m³ / s (normal: 15 m³ / s). The level of the Pleiße in Gößnitz was at a level of 4.3 m (normal: 36 cm) and a flow of 180 m³ / s (normal: 2 m³ / s), that of the smaller Sprat in Großstöbnitz measured 4, 2 m (normal: 82 cm) and a flow rate of 32 m³ / s (normal: 0.6 m³ / s) in the night of June 3rd the apex.

The flood in Central Thuringia was the strongest since 1994 and on the White Elster, which swelled to 40 times its normal amount, and on the Pleiße, which swelled to 90 times its normal amount, the strongest since 1954. The following Water levels measured new record high water levels (year of old record in brackets): Ellingshausen an der Hasel (1994), Kaulsdorf an der Saale (1988), Niedertrebra an der Ilm (1994), Läwitz an der Weida (1986), Weida -Eisenhammer an der Auma (2011), Gößnitz an der Pleiße (1954) and Großstöbnitz an der Sprotte (2011).

The Werra also had floods, with a built-up slope in Bad Salzungen at risk of slipping. In and around Meiningen , streets and residential areas near the Werra were heavily flooded. In Meiningen, several sports facilities and the castle park were also under water. In Stadtroda an der Roda , the city center was flooded and the foundations of an empty building were badly damaged.

Austria

Selected tide peaks

level	country	Waters	date
Lustenau	Vbg / CH	Rhine	2.6. 06:00 (approx.)
Salzburg / Siezenheim	Sbg / BY	Salzach / Saalach	2.6. 14:00 (approx.)
Steyr -Ortskai	Upper Austria	Enns	Sun 2.6. 14:00
Kössen	Tir / BY	Great thing	2.6. 15:00 (approx.)
Gmunden	Upper Austria	Traunsee	Mon 3.6. 07:00
Schärding	Upper Austria / BY	Inn	Mon 3.6. 12:00
Passau	Upper Austria / BY	Danube / Inn	3.6. 20:00 (approx.)
Mauthausen	Upper Austria / Lower Austria	Danube	Tue 4.6. 07:00
Kienstock  ( Krems )	Lower Austria	Danube	Tue 4.6. 22:00
Korneuburg	Lower Austria / W	Danube	Wed 5.6. 20:00
Wildungsmauer	Lower Austria	Danube	Thursday 6.6. 08:00
Angern	Lower Austria / SK	March	Sa 8.6. 02:00
(approx.)Vorarlberg level currently offline; Salzach gauge 2.6. 14: 00 / Saalach approx. 12: 00–16: 00; Kössen gauge 2.6. 10: 00-20: 00 no data; Achleiten gauge no data, Passau / Donau and Passau / Inn 3.6. 07: 00-21: 00 patchy

In the federal states of Vorarlberg , Tyrol , Salzburg , Upper Austria and Lower Austria , the night from Saturday 1st to Sunday 2nd June was the maximum of events in the Alpine region and then shifted to the Danube region of Upper, Lower Austria and Vienna.

The long-lasting extensive precipitation led to a different scenario than, for example, the Alpine flood in 2005 or the flood in Central Europe in spring 2010 . The torrent channels and mudslides played - apart from a few severe local events - a minor role; the larger rivers and the towns on them were mainly affected. After the Danube flood in 2002, a series of flood protection measures had been taken here, so that despite the water levels being similar to those in 2002, significantly less damage occurred to the settlement area. Since then, the construction of retention basins, renaturation and widening has created more space for the flowing waters. The elevation of dams and mobile protective elements now ensured adequate protection almost everywhere. For example, the Machland Nord flood protection project in Machland in Upper Austria with dams totaling more than 36 km in length was completed in summer 2012 . Even the flood management of Vienna , still hotly debated in the 1970s, there was a further test (it is on stand 1501 in terms of HQ _3000-5000 dimensioned).

Only in relatively few municipalities where flood protection dams were exceeded by the high water levels or where flood protection measures were not possible or not yet completed, there was major flooding of settlement areas. The calculations of the HQ ₁₀₀ scenario about the flood risk zoning in Austria , up to which flood protection is being expanded today, so as not to overpower it but to implement it across the board in a timely manner, seems to have been quite precise, in Mautern-Hundsheim, for example, the mobile dams stopped with two additional layers of sandbags.

On the night of June 9th to June 10th, violent thunderstorms broke out in some affected areas. Small-scale floods occurred again.

Note: The affected Austrian federal states are listed here from west to east, which largely corresponds to the chronology of the events and the progression of the flood ridge.

Vorarlberg

Vorarlberg was particularly affected by numerous mudslides and local floods. In addition, 10-year floods were recorded on the Bregenz Ach and Dornbirner Ach , and a 100-year event on the Leiblach . Numerous streets in Bregenz and Dornbirn were flooded and the motorway had to be closed at short notice.

On June 3, the body of a missing man was found in the Koblacher Canal , a flood relief channel parallel to the Alpine Rhine , at the end of Altach .

Tyrol

Since the Großache overflowed its banks in the Tyrolean lowlands , the municipality of Kössen in the Tyrolean district of Kitzbühel was up to one and a half meters under water. In St. Johann in Tirol the Fieberbrunner Ache overflowed its banks in several places and flooded some districts. 60 residents had to be rescued in Kufstein , and numerous travelers were stuck at Innsbruck Central Station because, among other things, the train route between Tyrol and Salzburg was interrupted.

Salzburg

Oberndorf near Salzburg, June 2, 2013

In St. Johann im Pongau a person was hit by a mudslide and killed. In Taxenbach, a 23-year-old woman from Taxenbach was swept away by the floods of the Salzach on June 2 after a mudslide and was only found dead a week later on the banks of the Salzach near Hallein. A 48-year-old farmer, also from Taxenbach, has been missing since June 2nd.

In the city of Salzburg , the Salzach reached a higher water level than during the floods in 2002. In numerous places, including Hüttau and Oberndorf , residents had to be brought to safety. In Saalfelden , the Urslau flooded several parts of the city.

At times there was considerable interference in road traffic; Among other things, border crossings to Bavaria were closed and the Zell am See district was not accessible by road. The railway lines from Saalfelden to Hochfilzen in Tyrol, between Bruck-Fusch and Lend im Pinzgau and between Bischofshofen and Radstadt were closed for more than a week.

Styria

A torrent floods a forest path, Rohrmoos-Untertal .

In the province of Styria , the Traun and Enns overran their banks in places. The municipal areas of Gröbming , Schladming and Ramsau am Dachstein were particularly affected , but also the Styrian Salzkammergut from Bad Mitterndorf to the Ausseer Land . A total of around 1,000 emergency services from a total of 66  fire brigades were deployed.

On Sunday, June 2, 2013, the boat parade in Bad Aussee had to be canceled on the occasion of the daffodil festival. Before that , mudslides had come off near the Grundlsee , on which the boat parade was to take place, and the level of the lake had risen by 10 cm in a few hours.

Upper Austria

Play media file

Video from the flood in Steyr on June 2, 2013

Aschach an der Donau , June 2, 2013

In Upper Austria the Enns in Steyr and the Danube in Linz overflowed its banks. In Linz, two of the four road crossings over the Danube, the railway bridge and the Steyregger bridge, had to be closed on the evening of June 3rd . After people were brought to safety in the Upper Donaulände area on June 3, the Danube reached its highest level on the morning of June 4, at 9.17 m. The Traun also burst its banks and flooded numerous communities. The town of Obertraun on Lake Hallstatt in the Salzkammergut was temporarily cut off from the outside world. In the village itself, the Köhler bridge over the Koppentraun was torn away. The level of the Traunsee also rose and led to floods in Gmunden . The flooded Ebensee was also temporarily cut off from the outside world because the Salzkammergutstrasse had to be closed. The Attersee and Mondsee also overflowed their banks.

In Schärding , the Inn flooded the mobile flood protection walls and other protective dams in the night from June 2nd to 3rd. Despite the flood protection measures introduced after the 2002 flood, which had not yet been fully implemented for reasons of economy, 210 houses had to be evacuated. The level of the Inn rose to 10.59 m and thus 1.8 m higher than in 2002, the 1954 mark (11.34 m) was not reached. Grünburg and Schwertberg were also badly affected . Here, as in Schärding, a civil protection alarm was triggered. Schwertberg was already badly affected by the flood in 2002. The Aist reached its highest level in Schwertberg on the evening of June 2 and was more than 4 meters. In Grünburg the Steyr overflowed its banks.

The west of the Urfahr-Umgebung district , in particular the communities of Goldwörth and Walding , was also severely affected by the flooding of the Danube . When the level of the Danube rose faster and higher on June 4th than predicted by the experts, around 120 people had to be rescued from the flooded area by helicopters and boats. Goldwörth was up to four meters under water and could no longer be reached by road from Tuesday evening. In addition, the electricity, water and telephone networks were mostly down. In Ottensheim , a flood dam was submerged in several places, but this could be sealed. In Walding people had to save themselves from the floods on the roofs of houses, in Feldkirchen the fire brigade brought around 200 people to safety. The technical operations management in the Goldwörth / Feldkirchen area was provided by the Bad Mühllacken, Goldwörth and BFK UU fire brigades.

The Machland Dam , created after the floods from 2002 to 2012, prevented a disaster in the Grein area . Although the Danube in Grein occasionally sloshed over the 15.10 m high crown of the mobile flood protection in Grein, this withstood and largely protected the center of the village from flooding. However, the 2002 level of the Danube level in Grein of 14.94 m was not exceeded.

The following parts of this section seem since 2016 is out of date to be : The year 2016 is over. Has flood protection been tackled?
Please help to research and insert the missing information .

In the Perg district to the west of the Machland dam in the so-called St. Georgener Bucht there are still three communities in which flood protection is planned, but the attack is not planned for 2016. In the municipalities of Luftenberg an der Donau and Langenstein , a total of more than 250 objects were under water. The flood level of 2002 was exceeded in both communities.

In the Eferding district on the right bank of the Danube, the municipalities on the Danube were also affected by the flood. In Alkoven , the village of Gstocket was flooded with around 100 houses on June 3rd, in Aschach the town center.

Lower Austria

Open weirs at the Langenzersdorf inlet structure

In Lower Austria, the tidal wave was expected along the Danube in the course of June 3rd. In Melk , the ongoing construction work on the flood protection had to be stopped on June 1st in order to secure the construction equipment and the construction site. The construction work to protect the old town had only started in March and should last until the end of 2014. As early as the afternoon of June 2, the lower-lying areas of the old town of Melk in the area of Bundesstraße 1 were partially flooded. The water finally reached the main square.

The state warning center in Lower Austria called the civil protection alarm for the districts of Granz and Marbach of the municipality of Marbach an der Donau in the Melk district. The two districts were flooded in the morning of June 3, 2013. During the day the city center was also flooded. Several houses had to be evacuated.

On the evening of June 2, 2013, the district authority Vienna-Umgebung and the police requested the residents of the settlements in the Danube floodplain in Klosterneuburg and Kritzendorf to leave their properties and remove their vehicles. On June 4th the Essl Museum in Klosterneuburg had to close for security reasons.

The water level in Kienstock in the Wachau rose to 10.79 m in the night from June 4th to 5th, 2013 (water level at 11:45 p.m.). That was only 14 cm less than the 2002 flood (10.93 m). In Ybbs on the Danube , 9.34 m was measured as the highest level, in 2002 it was 9.48 m. At Korneuburg , the hydrographic service of Lower Austria reported a water level of 7.92 m on June 5th at 7.00 a.m., which means that the high level of 2002 was already exceeded by 3 cm. At 7.40 p.m. 8.10 m had been reached with a flow of 11,100 m³ / s. The calculated value for a hundred-year flood for this level is 7.91 m or 10,400 m³ / s.

Vienna

Bars on the New Danube under water

In Vienna , the New Danube , designed as a relief channel for high water levels in the Danube, was flooded by opening the weir systems. This system can hold up to 14,000 cubic meters of water per second, on Tuesday evening (June 4th) 10,100 cubic meters of water per second were measured. The restaurants on the New Danube, which are located in a zone defined as a flood area, were partially flooded on June 4th. For the damaged local owner has Commerce Vienna established an emergency fund.

Due to the flooding of the Danube, the Lobau oil port and the Albern port were flooded with the granaries. In Lobau, the oil tanks and warehouses were appropriately sealed; in Albern, the cellars had to be pumped out. A flood protection gate has been erected in the Albern harbor area since autumn 2011, as already exists in the winter port of the Danube in Freudenau . In Freudenau, the 200-ton gate, which has been in operation since 2010, was closed on Sunday at 8 p.m. when the water level reached a critical level of 6.5 m.

At the landing stage in Nussdorf , 120 passengers and 40 crew members were stuck on the Dutch cruise ship "Filia Rheni" who were unable to leave the ship because the landing stage was flooded. When shipping stopped on Saturday, June 1, the passengers were on board, but the water rose too quickly after shipping stopped to safely land. On June 6, 2013, the fire brigade took them off board by means of a pontoon bridge. Tuesday and Wednesday the Danube rose in this area up to the tracks of the Franz-Josefs-Bahn .

In some places the Danube Canal burst its banks on June 5th. Since the drainage into the Danube Canal from a collecting basin in the area of ​​the stadium bridge no longer worked, the stadium bridge junction of the eastern motorway and an underpass in this area had to be closed.

Czech Republic

Flood in the Czech city of Nový Knín , June 2, 2013

A state of emergency was declared in 50  Bohemian municipalities on June 2nd. By June 3, 2500 people had to be brought to safety, and by June 5, almost 19,000 people.

In the capital Prague , the underground traffic had to be almost completely shut down, animals from the lower part of the Prague zoo in Troy had to be brought to safety. On the afternoon of June 4th, the tidal wave of the Vltava reached its peak in Prague. The discharge of the Vltava at this time was 3210 cubic meters per second (normal: 150 cubic meters per second). A total of 6,790 mobile flood protection walls with a total length of around 17 kilometers were built in the city.

In Ústí nad Labem , large parts of the city center were flooded and evacuated; the highest water level was reached on the night of June 6th at 10.72 m. The railway tracks in Kolín were flooded and the Česká Třebová – Praha line was interrupted. A holiday home was destroyed by the flood and two people died in the rubble of the house.

On Friday, June 7th, the central flood commission - despite the general easing of the situation - ordered the flood measures to be maintained at the current level, because intensive rains were to be expected again at the end of the following weekend. The Prague crisis management team asked the mayors of the city districts not to remove the mobile flood protection walls without permission and, as a precaution, put this under threat of punishment. On Tuesday, June 11th, the highest flood warning level still prevailed for six sections of the river.

Poland

In Poland, the southwest ( Lower Silesian Voivodeship ) was particularly affected around June 4th and 5th . There the Oder tributaries and the Lusatian Neisse had overflowed their banks.

In Cracow , the capital of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship , the Vistula overflowed its banks. For this reason, the European Canoe Slalom Championships in Krakow had to be postponed, as the artificial white water route runs parallel to the Vistula, which is in high water.

Slovakia

In the capital Bratislava , the Danube reached its first high water level on the morning of June 3. Mobile dams were built in the low parts of the city close to the river, and the police blocked the banks and roads on the right side of the Danube. The March also reached the first flood stage near the confluence with the Danube. Some streets on the March in Devín , a part of Bratislava, have been blocked. On the afternoon of June 6th, the flood of the Danube reached its apex in Bratislava (record level: 10.3 meters); During the night of Friday, June 7th, the water level began to drop again.

Hungary

Flood in Győr, June 5, 2013

Flood in Budapest, June 8, 2013

Hungary last fought major floods in June 2009 and May / June 2010 .

On June 3, 2013, the Győr-Moson-Sopron and Komárom-Esztergom counties as well as parts of the Pest county and the districts of Budapest on the banks of the Danube were declared a state of emergency in Hungary . Several thousand members of the army , civil protection, the police and the hydraulic engineering authorities were mobilized.

In several villages along the Danube, mobile protective dams were erected and dams were reinforced with sandbags. The Vienna-Budapest rail link between Komárom and Almásfüzitő was discontinued. Thousands of helpers are mainly on duty around Győr and in the Danube Bend north of Budapest. Fragile dykes and heavy groundwater made the work difficult. Győr reached its peak on the evening of June 8th, when large parts of the city were under water. In Nagybajcs, a northern suburb of Győr, the previous record was exceeded by 35 centimeters at 907 cm. Many people did not want to leave their homes despite the ingress of water and ultimately had to be rescued by boats.

On June 8, the flood reached Budapest with a water level of 8.61 m at 2 p.m. the previous high from 2006 was exceeded by 1 cm. The top was reached on the evening of June 9th with 8.91 m. According to the Mayor of Budapest, István Tarlós , the precautions should protect up to a water level of 9.30 m. Even so, inner city areas were flooded as the water pushed through the sewer system. At noon on June 10, István Tarlós reported falling water levels for his city.

Around 1,500 Hungarians had to be brought to safety along the Danube, according to other information it was around 2,000 people. In Győr, Esztergom and between Komárom and Budapest, many residential areas were affected by flooding, and in some cases entire settlements had to be evacuated. Around 80 streets, ten of which are main streets, had to be closed.

About 20,000 helpers were deployed. In addition to forces from the army, the waterworks, the police and the fire brigade, as well as volunteers, there were one-forint jobbers (“Közmunkás”), prisoners, opposition and government politicians and 250 men from the TÉK anti-terrorist unit.

The situation in Almásfüzitő , about 80 kilometers from Budapest, is critical , where twelve million tons of red mud are deposited just a few meters from the Danube and in the immediate vicinity of a Slovak Natura 2000 protected area. The wall of the outdated red mud basin also serves as a protective dam, and it is questionable whether it will survive the masses of water. A technical report drawn up in 2011 at the Montanuniversität Leoben on the landfill in Almásfüzitő showed that the red mud is contaminated with aluminum, iron, arsenic, lead and chromium. In addition, the landfill is used as a toxic waste store for "over 200 dangerous components that are not allowed to be deposited anywhere in Austria," says Karl Lorber, the head of the Department for Environmental and Energy Process Engineering and head of the Department of Disposal and Landfill Technology at the University of Leoben, who in 2011 found "verifiable places with seepage water in the Danube".

Croatia

South of Hungary, the Danube forms part of the border between Croatia and Serbia . In Vukovar in the far east of Croatia, a high of around 9 meters was expected on June 14th for June 14th. The previous record was 7.60 meters. By June 9, the Ministry of Defense deployed around 200 soldiers from the Croatian armed forces to defend dikes. In fact, the Danube in Vukovcar only reached a high of 7.25 meters on June 15th.

Serbia

On June 10, the peak wave was predicted for June 13 in Serbia and the water level in Bezdan had already dropped 20 centimeters by June 17, but the peak wave did not reach Novi Sad until June 17. Due to ongoing protective measures, however, major damage events are not to be feared.

Consequences and Effects

Impairments in rail and road traffic

Rail traffic in Austria was partially interrupted in the flood areas. On the Vienna – Salzburg route on the Westbahn there was no rail connection between Amstetten and St. Valentin from June 2nd ; some trains were also canceled in Salzburg and Tyrol. On the morning of June 3, a few trains ran again between Vienna and Salzburg. Both the inner Austrian route from Salzburg to Innsbruck after a mudslide at Taxenbach and between Saalfelden and Kitzbühel due to impending danger.

In Bavaria, Rosenheim station was temporarily completely closed, both in the direction of Innsbruck and Salzburg (Great German Corner, especially because of the stepped out Tiroler Ache). The rail connection Freilassing - Salzburg was closed on Saturday afternoon (Saalach Bridge and Salzach Bridge), which resulted in thousands of travelers being stranded in both border stations. On the Brenner Railway , a train hit a mudflat and derailed. People were not harmed in the process; the route between Innsbruck and Italy was temporarily interrupted.

In eastern Germany, the Plaue train station was also closed. The rail traffic on the Elstertalbahn between Gera and Greiz was stopped on June 2nd due to undercutting of a railway embankment in the Elstertal. Due to the lowering of the railway bridge over the White Elster, freight traffic between Zeitz and Tröglitz had to be stopped for a long time.

Due to the flooding of the Elbe, rail traffic on the cross-border railway line Děčín – Dresden-Neustadt was severely disrupted. The railway line was not flooded or the like. affected, but the entrances and underpasses of many train stations were no longer passable for passengers. The S1 line of the Dresden S-Bahn was therefore discontinued between Heidenau and Schöna and the stop of long-distance trains in Bad Schandau was canceled.

On the Passau – Freyung railway line , a dam slide occurred near Passau, which interrupted the line for over a month.

Numerous roads were also closed and resulted in traffic jams and long diversions. In particular, the German A8 Rosenheim – Salzburg was completely blocked for 80 kilometers (Chiemsee area as well as Salzach area, where the Walserberg border crossing was closed on Saturday afternoon ). The A3 and A92 in the Deggendorf area were also temporarily blocked due to flooding.

In addition to a number of individual places in the Alpine region as well as in the Elbe region, the Pinzgau in Salzburg was at times completely cut off from the outside world.

On June 10, 2013, the Elbe bridge in Hämerten was closed and thus the through traffic on the high-speed line Hanover-Berlin was stopped. As a result, the long-distance connections Basel / Munich-Frankfurt am Main-Hanover-Berlin were affected by massive restrictions and train cancellations. In July, the duration of the line closure and the validity of the interim timetable, which was optimized for July 28, could not yet be predicted, as the subsoil of the flooded section of the route can only be examined after it has dried off. The route was opened again on November 4, 2013.

Deployment of auxiliary workers

Cooperation between the volunteer fire brigade and the German armed forces

THW and Bundeswehr in the Dresden deployment area

The armed forces and volunteers stabilize a dike near Lostau .

During the flood disaster, the German Bundeswehr is represented at all locations with over 19,000 soldiers, i.e. fewer soldiers than eleven years ago. Furthermore, around 400 Dutch soldiers and some French members of the Franco-German Brigade helped . The federal army in Austria was in action with around 800 men and 24 helicopters. The Czech army deployed around 700 men.

The regional fire brigades mobilized almost 75,000 emergency services in Germany, who were also provided from federal states that were not or only less affected. The flood event was the largest fire brigade operation since the existence of the Federal Republic of Germany. The German Red Cross , Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund , Malteser Hilfsdienst and Johanniter-Unfall-Hilfe contributed to medical care at central locations. The Technische Hilfswerk (THW) , which was deployed with over 16,000 emergency services, the German Life Rescue Society (DLRG) and the water rescue service provided, among other things. a. Pumps, boats and divers ready. Almost 19,000 volunteer and professional fire brigades were deployed in Austria.

In response to a request from the German Federal Office for Civil Protection , the Luxembourgish Protection civile delivered 200,000 sandbags including a filling machine to Dannenberg in Lower Saxony on June 10th.

In addition, members of the Team Austria project , a voluntary aid association launched by Hitradio Ö3 and the Red Cross in 2007 , support professional assistants in the clean-up work in Austria. The armed forces reported 21,709 days of deployment in assistance .

The general willingness to help was described as huge. The professional assistants were supported to a large extent by voluntary helpers, particularly with filling and stacking sandbags and with cleaning up. In addition to work assignments, voluntary assistance also included the donation of work material, donations in kind for flood victims and the distribution of food as well as the provision of emergency accommodation. The comprehensive organization via new media was emphasized as a significant new development in disaster control.

In places the auxiliary work was hindered by gawkers . The German Fire Brigade Association called for onlookers to be compulsorily used for auxiliary services in the future - in accordance with the existing legal basis.

Protection technologies

A tree was wedged under a bridge at the Swiss run-of-river power plant in Flumenthal .

During this flood event, people trusted the precautions taken in the last few decades in the form of dikes, which were reinforced with sandbags if necessary. Large flotsam such as tree trunks that endanger the dike is recovered by special forces from the DLRG using motor boats and the Bundeswehr using folding swimming bridges. Flotsam also had to be removed from bridges and hydropower plants with excavators and chainsaws. The Krümmel nuclear power plant had to close the flood gates for the first time in history. In addition, the Nahle weir was opened to the Leipzig alluvial forest , creating undeveloped floodplain.

At heavily damaged areas on the dykes, for example near Fischbeck (Elbe) , the Bundeswehr deployed big bags by helicopter. In addition, some new technologies for dike reinforcement were used. These were tubular plastic bags filled with water, with which u. a. the MDR building was protected, plastic tubs that can be dismantled with water and used in Gartow , and bales of straw wrapped in foil in the Rühstädt area .

Extent of damage and financial support

Victims (as of June 9)

country	dead	Missing
Czech Republic	11	03
Germany	08th	0
Austria	06th	0
Switzerland	0	01
total	25th	04th

First rough estimates of the damage amount to:

• Germany: around 6.68 billion euros (total damage reported by the states to the federal government in mid-July 2013)
  • Saxony: € 2–2.5 billion (Fritz Jaeckel estimate, reconstruction staff in the State Chancellery, June 6)
• Austria: € 2.2–3 billion ( EcoAustria / insurer estimate , June 5), the former is 0.7% of GDP
• Czech Republic: several hundred million euros (oA, June 11), in agriculture alone up to one billion crowns (the equivalent of 40 million euros, Jan Veleba, cz. Chamber of Agriculture, June 6)
• Switzerland: approx. 3 million CHF (2.5 million €), of which 2.5 million CHF agricultural

The affected communities in Bavaria have been promised around 100 million euros for reconstruction by the federal and state government. How the money will be distributed is still unclear, said Federal Interior Minister Hans-Peter Friedrich (“We have to take stock of the damage now”). According to the Federal Ministry of Finance, the federal government guarantees the federal states an emergency aid program that will cover 50 percent of the costs of the reconstruction measures.

The Austrian government has promised support to the disaster regions. Private individuals receive help from the Federal Disaster Fund, which is endowed with 374 million euros in 2013 (around 115 million of which have already been spent at the time, it can be topped up at any time).

The Czech government promised aid of 7.3 billion crowns (290 million euros) to those affected .

Bavaria, Austria, Slovakia and Hungary agreed to apply to the EU for support from the solidarity fund established in 2002 . The EU budget commissioner Janusz Lewandowski announced on June 5, 2013 that there was emergency aid from the civil protection mechanism, but that the EU had no funds in the solidarity fund due to the ongoing budget dispute. The EU Commission - supported by the European Parliament - is demanding an additional payment of 11.2 billion euros from the member states for the budget for the current year. However, the member states want to make only 7.3 billion euros available for the time being, and only on the condition that the European Parliament gives in to the dispute over the multi-year budget for the years 2014 to 2020.

On June 28, 2013, the German Bundestag decided to provide eight billion euros in a fund for development aid. The federal states will vote on this in the Federal Council on July 5, 2013. After a preliminary damage assessment, the Federal Ministry of Transport applied for 1.5 billion euros from the flood relief fund. Of this, 900 million euros go to railways, 500 million euros to roads and up to 100 million euros to waterways. The German railway counted first with a loss in at least high three-digit million euro range. The balance sheet will be charged with 200 to 500 million euros. The company later corrected the expected damage to the infrastructure down to 150 million euros. In addition, there would be a three-digit million amount in operating losses.

In October 2013, the EU granted aid packages for Germany, Austria and the Czech Republic. Germany will receive 360 ​​million euros, Austria 21.6 million euros and the Czech Republic 15.9 million euros.

Help through media and charity events

In order to help people who have been particularly hard hit by the floods, the ORF started its own donation campaign in cooperation with the Austrian Red Cross under the motto ORF Flood Aid - Immediately . In the Ö3-Wecker , the most popular radio broadcast in Austria, numerous people were able to thank the helpers in the flood areas in a special broadcast on June 5th. Even President Heinz Fischer spoke all helpers his thanks.

In the Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt area in particular, joint assistance was organized intensively via new media and social networks (Facebook, Twitter). The Facebook page Flood 2013 had over 7,000 participants within a few hours. The Austrian version had over 120,000 followers after one day, another over 36,000 followers. For the clean-up work, Facebook pages were also set up in Passau and Deggendorf, which were supervised by students. After a short time they had over 10,000 or over 5,000 followers.

A collection of donations started in the form of a bet during the summer edition of the German-Austrian television show Wetten, dass ..? from June 8th brought in a sum of over 500,000 euros. The MDR collected € 3.5 million. At the ARD donation marathon on June 15 and 16, 2013, over € 8 million were donated.

The Bayern Munich played on September 1, 2013, a charity match in Passau against a Regional Selection and presented following the 5: 1 victory with a check in the amount of 250,000 euros. Even Borussia Dortmund said a donation of at least 100,000 euros. It was not publicly known whether BVB actually donated anything. A game Hamburger SV against Dynamo Dresden raised € 80,000.

At the donation gala of the Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk on Sunday, June 9th 2013 in Leipzig , the entrepreneur Günter Papenburg donated 500,000 euros to the flood victims. His branch in Halle (Saale) was itself affected by the flood.

Effects on flood protection planning

Similar to the weather forecast , the damage that occurred could neither be predicted in detail nor completely prevented by tactical protective measures.

In Germany, for example, even before the final settlement of claims, calls were made to counteract such future events through strategic measures. The package of measures proposed by various parties included the creation of polder areas, the relocation of dykes, the approval of riparian forests, the relocation of flood-endangered buildings, the renaturation of streams, the commissioning of further retention basins , the limitation of drainage of the river catchment areas and the general removal of the surface sealing . In the past, such demands were essentially in conflict with the interests of agriculture and local residents. For example, it is noteworthy that in 2010 in Saxony-Anhalt EU funds for flood protection could be reallocated to other areas. So far, only one major project has been implemented with the Elbe River Landscape Biosphere Reserve . The current event made it clear that the responsibilities for prevention remain at the local level due to property rights and that only individual relief actions can be coordinated at the federal level . In September 2013, the environment ministers decided on a national flood protection program.

In Austria it was decided that the missing major projects planned for the next 10 years of the total of 34 flood protection projects in general planning after the 2002 disaster - which had definitely proven themselves in the places where they had already been completed (17 projects) - within 6 years (until 2019 ) as a matter of priority. The rooms that are currently unplanned will then be expanded. The advance funds should also be understood as business promotion.

See also

• List of flood events
• List of weather events in Europe
• Berlin commemorative plaque for flood relief 2013

literature

• Federal Institute for Hydrology (Ed.): The June flood of 2013 in Germany . BfG Report No. 1793, Koblenz 2013 ( digital version (PDF))
• Federal Institute for Hydrology (Ed.): Cross-state analysis of the June flood 2013 . BfG Report No. 1797, Koblenz 2013 ( digital version (PDF))
• Deutscher Wetterdienst (Ed.): The floods on the Elbe and Danube in June 2013. Weather development and warning management of the DWD. Hydrometeorological framework conditions . Offenbach 2013 ( digitized version (PDF))

Web links

Commons : Floods in Central Europe, May / June 2013  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Overviews:

• Causes and prognoses: Ten facts about the flood , Axel Bojanowski , on SPIEGEL online Wissenschaft , from June 6, 2013
• Who forgets the glacial stream (FAZ.net, Hansjörg Küster)

Germany:

• Floods in Germany: GMLZ activates the service ZKI-DE , center for satellite-based crisis information at DLR - maps and satellite images, situation information based on satellite and aerial photographs for the areas most severely affected by the flood
• Hochwasserzentralen.de : Cross-country portal with current water levels and reports
• Information platform Undine: The flooding of the Elbe in June 2013
• Information platform Undine: The flood of the Danube in June 2013
• Bavarian State Office for the Environment, 2014: June flood 2013 - water management report - detailed report on (meteorological) causes and consequences
• Level:

• Archive of all water levels for Saxony (June 6, 2013) at Umwelt.sachsen.de
• Archive of all water levels for Saxony-Anhalt (June 6, 2013) at hochwasservorichtung.sachsen-anhalt.de
• Archive of all water levels for Thuringia (June 6, 2013) at tlug-jena.de
• Archive of all water levels for Bavaria (May 30 - June 12, 2013) at hnd.bayern.de

Master data , water level , drainage , drainage board , high-water marks , medium / maximum values , field data

Austria:

• Flood in Austria (pictures); tvthek.orf.at (all reports) ORF
• Pictures: Austria under water . kurier.at, June 6, 2013
• Maps of water levels in Austria (screenshots from June 2nd and 3rd) on derstandard.at

Hungary:

• Map with constantly updated water levels

Serbia:

• Archive of water levels for Serbia on hidmet.gov.rs

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} cf. Forecast for Wed, May 29, 2013, 12 UTC , May 28, 2013 before naming the low compared to forecast for Sat, June 1, 2013, 12 UTC , May 31, 2013 with unstable cores Frederik I and II, and forecast for Mon, June 3, 2013, 12 UTC , June 2, 2013, all met.fu-berlin.de.
2. ↑ ^{a b} UWZ, according to Aschau, the 400 cracks! Liter . KplusS on Wetterzentrale Forum , June 3, 2013.
   Diagram: Precipitation station: Aschau-Stein - Precipitation total May 30 - June 3, 2013 ( Memento of the original from December 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , hnd.bayern.de  
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Continuous extreme rain is coming to an end , ZAMG, News Archive, June 3, 2013.
4. ↑ see details in the table of the article
5. ^ Larry O'Hanlon, Most of Europe's extreme rains caused by 'rivers' in the atmosphere ; from July 19, 2013; accessed on May 16, 2014.
6. ↑ Spring 2013: cool, wet, cloudy , ZAMG, News Archive, May 29, 2013.
7. ↑ ^{a b} Update heavy rain and review May , ZAMG, News Archive, May 31, 2013.
8. ↑ As the highest monthly precipitation in Austria, that is about an annual precipitation in the Weinviertel. According to Marcus Wadsak , in Willkommen Österreich , ORF, June 3, 2013
9. ↑ Forecast for Wed., May 22, 2013 , met.fu-berlin.de; Weather map 20130522 12:00 UTC , ZAMG.
10. ↑ Forecast for Mon, May 27, 2013 , met.fu-berlin.de; Weather map 20130527 12:00 UTC , ZAMG.
11. ↑ Forecast for Saturday, June 1, 2013 , met.fu-berlin.de, June 1, 2013; Weather map 20130601 06:00 , ZAMG.
12. ↑ Weather map 20130601 12:00 UTC , ZAMG.
13. ↑ Unusual heat - over 30 degrees in Finland ( memento of the original from June 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , dev.wetterspiegel.de, June 3, 2013; Heat in Finland , wetter24.de, June 11, 2011; see. also June 1, 2013 - Northern Scandinavia , NASA: MODIS Image of the day .  
    
    
14. ↑ The “real” omegalage is the White Sea high between the Eastern Europe low and the mighty Central Asia low complex, which is itself blocked by a strong high above Kamchatka.
    Image: NOAA NCEP CPC CDAS 5-day smoothed, base of anomaly mean 1979–95
15. ↑ Curse of the Clouds , Markus C. Schulte von Drach, in sueddeutsche.de, June 4, 2013.
16. ↑ Cold & Warm Episodes by Season - Changes to the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) , Climate Prediction Center , cpc.ncep.noaa.gov - tabulated values.
17. ↑ Weather calms down gradually , ZAMG, News Archive, June 2, 2013.
18. ↑ Record soil moisture: Satellite images explain the origins of the flood , Spiegel.de, June 7, 2013.
19. ↑ The flood damaged 800 houses in Passau. welt.de from June 7, 2013.
20. ↑ flood 1954 , wien-vienna.at
21. ^ Level in the Danube area: Passau / Danube , Regensburg Waterways and Shipping Office, hnd.bayern.de. The water level was damaged by the flood on Tuesday morning and an auxiliary level was set up.
    
22. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Breathe easy after continuous rain in Switzerland. SRF , June 3, 2013, accessed June 3, 2013 . 
23. ↑ In Arth the big tidying up is going on . 20min.ch, June 3, 2013.
24. ↑ All-clear: Rhine flood is sinking . bazonline.ch, June 3, 2013.
25. ↑ ^{a b} Only the level of the Rhine is still rising . Landbote.ch, June 3, 2013.
26. ↑ Disaster alarms in districts: Counting according to press releases of the district administrations and other press releases. See map for detailed sources .
27. ↑ Floods in Germany - the Bundeswehr is helping! BW press release of June 11, 2013
28. ^ Bundeswehr evacuates flood victims, BW press release of June 3, 2013
29. ^ German Fire Brigade Association - press release from June 7, 2013
30. ^ German Fire Brigade Association - press release from June 9, 2013
31. ↑ Flood live ticker on spiegel.de , accessed on June 4, 2013
32. ↑ THW press release of June 9, 2013 - Another 2,000 THW workers have arrived
33. ↑ DLRG management report from June 13, 2013 (PDF; 196 kB)
34. ↑ Tagblatt dated June 2, 2013: New Mössinger mountain slide from above and below
35. ↑ Tagblatt dated June 3, 2013: At Öschingen, the mountain still slipped on Monday
36. ↑ Reutlinger General-Anzeiger from June 4, 2013: Bad Urach looks with apprehension at the soaked mountain slopes
37. ↑ Schwarzwälder Bote of June 4, 2013: Zollernalb - Mortal danger when entering the forest
38. ↑ Police press report ( Memento of the original from June 1, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. the Reutlingen Police Department 
39. ↑ Schwäbisches Tagblatt Tübingen from June 3, 2013: body of the drowned construction worker found ( memento of the original from June 8, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . 
40. ↑ Spiegel Online from June 2, 2013 - Disaster alert: floods flooded streets in the south and east
41. ↑ swp.de
42. ↑ im.baden-wuerttemberg.de  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
43. ↑ Schwäbisches Tagblatt dated June 3, 2013, pp. 19, 20.
44. ↑ marcokaschuba.com ( Memento of the original from June 8, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
45. ↑ Gundelsheim level graph
46. ↑ Heidelberg level graph
47. ↑ Reutlinger General-Anzeiger from June 1, 2013 - Huge flood in the Lauchert valley
48. ↑ Weather chaos in Germany: And there will be more rain Spiegel Online from June 1, 2013, accessed on June 3, 2013
49. ↑ Water levels of the Rhine near Maxau as a table
50. ↑ Flood: Rhine polder flooded - situation stable ( memento of the original from June 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - bo.de, accessed on June 4, 2013 
51. ↑ ka-news.de June 2, 2013, accessed on February 12, 2015
52. ↑ Flood wave in Regensburg no longer a danger for Passau .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. frankenpost.de, June 4, 2013  
53. ↑ pnp.de - Passauer Neue Presse, June 2, 2014
54. ↑ 4 p.m., Grabenstätt: A8 at Chiemsee single lane free again - Mittelbayerische.de, June 5, 2013
55. ↑ Flood in the Allgäu. According to the authorities, the extent is not dramatic. ( Memento of the original from June 7, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: allin.de, June 3, 2013 (accessed June 4, 2013) 
56. ↑ focus.de
57. ↑ pnp.de
58. ^ A3 and A92 flooded in the Deggendorf district - diversions overloaded , Deggendorfer Zeitung, pnp.de, June 5, 2013
59. ↑ 9.30 a.m., Regensburg: Train traffic to Nuremberg is disrupted Mittelbayerische.de, June 5, 2013
60. ↑ Berliner Zeitung: Elbe, Spree and Schwarze Elster: Concern for a new flood of the century , accessed on June 5, 2013
61. ↑ morgenweb.de
62. ↑ morgenweb.de
63. ↑ Floods press heavily on dykes
64. ↑ Woman dies in high tide near Hanover. ( Memento of June 7, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) NDR.de, May 31, 2013. Accessed June 4, 2013.
65. ↑ News about the flood in Lüchow-Dannenberg  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Retrieved June 4, 2013 at 11:35 pm  
66. ↑ Press release about the decision of the state government to donate the 2013 Flood Medal of the State of Lower Saxony
67. ↑ Rhine flood has passed its apex - ksta.de, June 5, 2013
68. ↑ Father Rhine never had so much water in June ( memento of the original from June 8, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Rhein-Zeitung, June 3, 2013, accessed on the same day. 
69. ↑ Fire brigades are ready to go on the Rhein-Main-Presse website from June 3, 2013
70. ↑ Rescue workers can stay calm on the website of the Rhein-Main-Presse from June 4, 2013
71. ^ Dammwachen can be removed from the Rhein-Main-Presse website from June 5, 2013
72. ↑ morgenweb.de
73. ↑ morgenweb.de
74. ↑ Flood reports for the Middle Rhine on June 4, 2013, published by the Rhineland-Palatinate State Office for the Environment, Water Management and Trade Inspection
75. ↑ Rain and no end. faz.net, June 3, 2013, accessed June 3, 2013
76. ↑ Floods in Bavaria, Thuringia, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt: Dresden triggers a disaster alarm
77. ↑ spiegel.de
78. ↑ Gohlis is evacuated. ( Memento of the original from June 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Press release of the City of Dresden, June 3, 2013. Accessed June 3, 2013.  
79. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} Villages in Saxony are being evacuated , in the live ticker on welt.de from June 5, 2013
80. ↑ 5:08 p.m.: Dresden threatens five days high . welt.de, June 6, 2013
81. ↑ Monthly report of the Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture, etc. Geology, June 2013. ( Memento of the original from November 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 4.5 MB) 
82. ↑ Heavy rain in Königsfeld and Rochlitz again causes devastation . Freiepresse.de, June 11, 2013
83. ↑ Heavy rain and floods in Upper Lusatia . ( Memento of the original from June 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. mdr.de, June 9, 2013 
84. ↑ ^{a b} landsat.visibleearth.nasa.gov , NASA Earth Observatory.
85. ↑ Mitteldeutsche Zeitung: Flood in Saxony-Anhalt , June 3, 2013
86. ↑ Flood in Bitterfeld. Mitteldeutsche Zeitung , June 4, 2013, accessed June 4, 2013 . 
87. ↑ Flood in Jeßnitz. Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, June 4, 2013, accessed June 4, 2013 . 
88. ↑ flood in Zeitz. Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, June 4, 2013, accessed June 4, 2013 . 
89. ↑ ^{a b} Torsten Gerbank: Flood in Zeitz and Alttröglitz. Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, June 5, 2013, accessed on June 6, 2013 . 
90. ↑ Flood 2013: Current rail traffic. (No longer available online.) Motorvision TV , June 4, 2013, formerly in the original ; Retrieved June 6, 2013 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.    
91. ↑ The tide does not leave. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , June 6, 2013, accessed on June 6, 2013 . 
92. ↑ Live ticker of the MDR ( Memento of the original from June 8, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . 
93. ↑ Zinke, Günther, The historical development of the hydrographic conditions in the city region of Halle with special consideration of the flood conditions, in: Halle and the Saale - interweaving of the 1200-year-old city with its surrounding area through water management and mining as well as subsequent industries (= writings of the German Water History Society ; Volume 15), Siegburg 2011, p. 181.
94. ↑ City cancels the Handel Festival. Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, June 4, 2013, accessed June 4, 2013 . 
95. ↑ University stops teaching up to and including Friday and calls on students for help from June 4, 2013
96. ^ Official communication from the city .
97. ↑ Water level wetteronline.de
98. ↑ Floods also relax in Halle. Leipziger Volkszeitung , June 5, 2013, accessed on June 6, 2013 . 
99. ↑ halle.de
100. ↑ Petition: Dike construction in Halle: yes! But without the loss of floodplains and endangering citizens! from July 21, 2013.
101. ↑ Flood presses over the main road. Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, June 4, 2013, accessed June 4, 2013 . 
102. ↑ Traffic rolls over the flood bridge. Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, June 4, 2013, accessed June 6, 2013 . 
103. ↑ The flood bridge is now completely closed. Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, June 6, 2013, accessed June 6, 2013 . 
104. ^ Flood in Saxony-Anhalt: Cheetah rescued in rubber dinghy. Spiegel , June 6, 2013, accessed June 9, 2013 . 
105. ↑ Level falls - flood bridge free again. Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, June 9, 2013, accessed June 9, 2013 . 
106. ↑ Situation flood in Salzlandkreis on Wednesday. Wochenspiegel, June 5, 2013, accessed June 6, 2013 . 
107. ↑ The flood situation relaxes. Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, June 5, 2013, accessed on June 6, 2013 . 
108. ↑ Backwater at the Saale-Elbe crossing aggravates the situation in the Salzlandkreis. Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, June 6, 2013, accessed June 6, 2013 . 
109. ↑ The apex of the hall apparently happened. Wochenspiegel, June 7, 2013, accessed June 8, 2013 . 
110. ↑ NRW sends a million sandbags to Saxony-Anhalt. Westdeutsche Zeitung , June 5, 2013, accessed on June 6, 2013 . 
111. ↑ Dredging and shoveling against the tide. Volksstimme , June 6, 2013, accessed on December 2, 2015 . 
112. ↑ News. (No longer available online.) MDR TV , June 6, 2013, archived from the original on June 3, 2013 ; Retrieved June 6, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
113. ↑ Current reports on the flood situation in Saxony-Anhalt. 3:15 p.m.: Man dies while filling sandbags in the Salzlandkreis. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; Retrieved June 25, 2013 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.    
114. ↑ gmx.net ( Memento of the original from June 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
115. ↑ Record flood in Magdeburg. Westdeutsche Zeitung , June 7, 2013, accessed June 7, 2013 . 
116. ↑ Deutsche Bahn blocks route section. (No longer available online.) MDR TV , June 7, 2013, archived from the original on May 12, 2016 ; Retrieved June 7, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
117. ^ MDR Saxony-Anhalt news. (No longer available online.) Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk, June 8, 2013, archived from the original on June 10, 2013 ; Retrieved June 8, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
118. ↑ Magdeburgers are supposed to leave Rothensee - evacuation in Aken. Mitteldeutsche Zeitung, June 8, 2013, accessed June 8, 2013 . 
119. ↑ mdr: Page no longer available , search in web archives: Live ticker on June 9, 2013  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
120. ↑ Floods in Saxony-Anhalt: Third ship aground at faz.net, accessed on June 20, 2013
121. ↑ MDR.de Saxony-Anhalt: Monday, June 17, 2013 Current reports on the floods in Saxony-Anhalt . 12:30 p.m .: The dike breach near Fischbeck is almost closed ( Memento of the original from June 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
122. ↑ Elbe extreme
123. ↑ Saxony-Anhalt: 1000 square kilometers flooded - water on the Middle Rhine rises again
124. ↑ MDR.de Saxony-Anhalt: Tuesday, June 11, 2013: Current reports on the flood in Saxony-Anhalt ( Memento of the original from June 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
125. ↑ MDR.de Saxony-Anhalt, Friday, June 14, 2013: Current reports on the flood in Saxony-Anhalt ( memento of the original from June 18, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
126. ↑ Flood in Lauenburg reaches its highest level: Merkel expects in Lübecker Nachrichten Online, accessed on June 17, 2013
127. ↑ NDR: "This is how the flood affects Hamburg" ( Memento from June 8, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
128. ^ Ostthüringer Zeitung: Current aerial photos of the floods from Greiz and Berga , accessed on June 5, 2013
129. ↑ Flood in Altenburger Land on abge-info.de, accessed on June 3, 2013
130. ↑ insuedthueringen.de
131. ↑ Accurate to the hour. Information according to level diagrams of the hydrographic offices (BMLFUW / eHyd , state offices). Data only online for a limited time.
132. ↑ Korneuburg is the official reference level for Vienna. The city levels (e.g. Reichsbrücke level) are not meaningful due to the relief channel and water management.
133. ↑ Water statistics. wien.gv.at, accessed on June 11, 2013 . Disaster floods. (No longer available online.) Wien.gv.at, archived from the original on June 14, 2013 ; Retrieved June 11, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Andrea Heigl: Hardly any flooding in Vienna thanks to the billion dollar thing . derStandard.at, June 4, 2013, accessed on June 11, 2013 . Floods in Vienna still had leeway. derStandard.at, June 7, 2013, accessed on June 11, 2013 . 
       
      
      
134. ↑ HORA 2.0, Flood Risk Assessment by the Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management. Retrieved June 11, 2013 . 
135. ↑ Increase in flood protection (Hundsheim). ff-mautern.at, June 4, 2013, accessed on June 11, 2013 . Photo. (No longer available online.) Kurier.at, archived from the original on December 22, 2013 ; Retrieved June 11, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
       
136. ↑ Severe weather over Austria. krone.at, June 10, 2013, accessed on June 10, 2013 . 
137. ↑ 1,300 fire service operations in 72 hours. orf.at, June 2, 2013, accessed June 3, 2013 . 
138. ↑ Missing found dead in Koblacher Kanal. orf.at, June 3, 2013, accessed June 3, 2013 . 
139. ↑ Places in the Tiroler Unterland evacuated. tt.com, June 2, 2013, accessed June 3, 2013 . 
140. ↑ Hundreds of evacuations after floods. orf.at, June 2, 2013, accessed June 3, 2013 . 
141. ^ Mure man captured and killed. orf.at, June 2, 2013, accessed June 3, 2013 . 
142. ↑ Flood: missing 23-year-olds found. salzburg.orf.at, June 9, 2013, accessed June 11, 2013 . 
143. ↑ Still closures after floods. salzburg.orf.at, June 9, 2013, accessed June 11, 2013 . 
144. ↑ The flood situation is slightly relaxed. ORF Steiermark, June 3, 2013, accessed on June 5, 2013 . 
145. ↑ ^{a b c} Upper Austria: water level is falling - hope in Grein is rising. diepresse.com, June 5, 2013, accessed June 11, 2013 . 
146. ↑ Flood alarm in Austria. heute.at, June 4, 2013, archived from the original on September 24, 2015 . 
147. ↑ Land under in Schärding. (No longer available online.) Mein district.at, June 3, 2013, archived from the original on June 12, 2013 ; Retrieved June 11, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
148. ↑ We have never experienced anything like this in Schärding. Oberösterreichische Nachrichten, June 6, 2013, accessed on June 11, 2013 . 
149. ↑ Schärding aerial view. (No longer available online.) Derstandard.at, June 3, 2013, archived from the original on July 3, 2013 ; Retrieved June 11, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
150. ↑ State of the disaster in Schärding - slight improvement in sight. meinviertel.at, June 3, 2013, accessed June 11, 2013 . 
151. ↑ 116 people rescued from the floods with helicopters and boats. Oberösterreichische Nachrichten, June 5, 2013, accessed on June 11, 2013 . 
152. ↑ Flood: horror and relief. ORF Upper Austria, June 5, 2013, accessed on June 11, 2013 . 
153. ↑ Photo of the mobile flood dam in Grein. oe24.at, June 3, 2013, accessed on June 11, 2013 . 
154. ^ Hochwasser Luftenberg. meinviertel.at, June 4, 2013, accessed June 6, 2013 . 
155. ↑ Live ticker: Almost all dams held, but some were missing. Oberösterreichische Nachrichten, June 5, 2013, accessed on June 11, 2013 . 
156. ↑ The tide is back: alcoves in a state of emergency. Oberösterreichische Nachrichten, June 3, 2013, accessed on June 11, 2013 . 
157. ↑ Water came from three sides: village evacuated. Oberösterreichische Nachrichten, June 4, 2013, accessed on June 11, 2013 . 
158. ↑ Water level as feared in 2002. orf.at, June 3, 2013, accessed June 11, 2013 . 
159. ^ Evacuation from Kritzendorf and Klosterneuburg. meinviertel.at, June 2, 2013, accessed June 3, 2013 . 
160. ↑ Essl Museum closes. kurier.at, June 4, 2013, accessed June 4, 2013 . 
161. ↑ 8.06 m: level record in Korneuburg. noe.orf.at, June 4, 2013, accessed on June 6, 2013 . 
162. ↑ Korneuburg station water level news. (No longer available online.) Www.noel.gv.at, June 6, 2013, archived from the original on June 8, 2013 ; Retrieved June 12, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
163. ↑ No major floods. orf.at, June 4, 2013, accessed June 11, 2013 . 
164. ↑ High water peak approaches Vienna. orf.at, June 4, 2013, accessed June 11, 2013 . 
165. ↑ ^{a b} 120 passengers are stuck on the ship. orf.at, June 5, 2013, accessed June 11, 2013 . 
166. ↑ Passengers left the cruise ship. wien.orf.at, accessed on June 7, 2013 . 
167. ↑ Skywarn Weather Forum: Danube Canal overflows its banks - photos. skywarn.at (forum), accessed on June 5, 2013 . 
168. ↑ Danube Canal leads to high water. (No longer available online.) Wienerzeitung.at, June 4, 2013, archived from the original on June 13, 2013 ; Retrieved June 5, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
169. ↑ ^{a b c} Floods: State of emergency in Central Europe . diePresse.com, June 3, 2013.
170. ↑ ^{a b c} Floods in Europe: Five people die in the Czech Republic , Spiegel online, June 3, 2013.
171. ↑ Czech Republic: The retention basins off Prague are full to the brim , Hans-Jörg Schmidt, in Die Presse online, June 3, 2013.
172. ↑ Flood in Germany - minutes of Tuesday ( Memento of the original from June 8, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Rheinische Post, June 5, 2013.
173. ↑ ^{a b} Prague crisis management team forbids mayors to remove flood protection walls ( memento of the original from June 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Radio Prague, radio.cz, June 7, 2013.  
174. ^ State of emergency in large parts of the Czech Republic. nzz.ch, June 3, 2013.
175. ↑ Floods in the Czech Republic under control , Radio Prague, radio.cz, June 3, 2013.
176. ↑ Maintain flood measures due to predicted rainfalls ( memento of the original from June 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Radio Prague, radio.cz, June 7, 2013.  
177. ↑ ^{a b c d} Flood warning remains in place for the time being - due to extensive rainfall, the flood in the Czech Republic is only slowly retreating. ( Memento of the original from June 15, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Prague Newspaper online, June 11, 2013.  
178. ↑ Canoe Slalom Championship postponed . ( Memento of the original from April 25, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. laola1.at, June 5th. 
179. ↑ Vistula floods - canoe slalom EM endangered ( memento from June 18, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ), sueddeutsche.de from June 5.
180. ↑ Hungary is fighting against the record level . FAZ.net of June 7, 2013
181. ↑ Nordbayerischer Kurier: Hungary declares a disaster emergency ( memento of the original from June 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed June 5, 2013 
182. ↑ ^{a b c d} Floods in Hungary: Newsticker , - www.pesterlloyd.net, June 8, 2013
183. ↑ AZ ORSZÁGOS MŰSZAKI IRÁNYÍTÓ TÖRZS KÖZLEMÉNYE , website of the National Water Inspectorate (Országos Vízügyi Főigazgatóság), accessed on June 9, 2013
184. ↑ ^{a b} derstandard.at June 10, 2013
185. ^ Floods in Hungary: Newsticker , pesterlloyd.net, accessed on June 8, 2013
186. ↑ Flood reaches Budapest, particularly critical situation in Saxony-Anhalt , derstandard.at, accessed on June 8, 2013
187. ↑ The flood is still keeping Europe in suspense ( memento of the original from June 19, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , wienerzeitung.at, June 8, 2013 
188. ↑ www.budapester.hu  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , www.bkk.hu (English)  
189. ↑ Toxic waste dump near the Danube endangered . derstandard.at, June 8, 2013
190. ^ Vukovar prepares for a record water wave - croatiantimes.com, June 10, 2013
191. ↑ Emergency flood measures introduced on Danube in east Croatia  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - daily.tportal.hr, June 9, 2013  
192. ↑ VODOSTAJ DUNAVA KOD VUKOVARA U OPADANJU , vukovar.hr, June 16, 2013
193. ↑ Serbia: Emergency Flood Protection Ready If Necessary . inserbia.info, June 10, 2013
194. ↑ Serbia: The Danube's flooding wave reaches Novi Sad . inserbia.info, June 17, 2013
195. ↑ Railway connections in Austria interrupted. In: diepresse.com , June 3, 2013.
196. ↑ Train derailed due to mudslides . oe24.at, June 3, 2013.
197. ↑ Flood and storm reports. ( Memento of the original from July 1, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Bahn.de, accessed on June 5, 2013. 
198. ↑ Press release of the VVO June 7, 2013, accessed on June 7, 2013.
199. ↑ B85 closed after landslide . UnserRadio, June 2, 2013, accessed on June 3, 2013.
200. ↑ Because of flood damage: Ilztalbahn uses buses . Passauer Neue Presse Local FRG, advance notification, June 5, 2013
201. ↑ Ilztalbahn runs again . Passauer Neue Presse July 5, 2013, local section of the Passau district.
202. ↑ A3 and A92 blocked . pnp.de, accessed on June 7, 2013.
203. ↑ Where railways and roads are closed . Mirror online
204. ↑ High-speed line Berlin-Hanover: Complex damage analysis and repairs after flooding make longer line closures necessary • DB creates an optimized timetable . ( Memento of the original from November 6, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Deutsche Bahn, press release, July 9, 2013. 
205. ↑ Water cannons in flood use , faz.net
206. ↑ Floods in Germany - the Bundeswehr is helping! , streitkraeftebasis.de
207. ↑ Flood: Armed Forces increase emergency services . bmlv.gv.at, June 4, 2013.
208. ↑ Largest fire brigade operation in the Federal Republic , German Fire Brigade Association, dfv.org, June 7, 2013
209. ↑ First helpers have arrived: Hundreds of Münsterländer drive into the flood area , wn.de
210. ↑ River flood 2013: All THW operations have been completed , thw.de
211. ^ South Baden: helpers from THW and DLRG fight against the flood , badische-zeitung.de
212. ↑ 18,900 fire brigades deployed in Austria ( Memento of the original from June 11, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , ÖBFV / Pamela Hniliczka, bundesfeuerwehrverband.at, undated .; Austria: 18,900 fire brigades deployed in Austria , fireworld.at, June 3, 2013  
     
213. ↑ Solidarity in sandbags , Wort.lu
214. ↑ Team Austria ( Memento of the original from June 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , oe3.orf.at, June 5th. 
215. ↑ Armed Forces draws flood balance on ORF from October 14, 2013, accessed on October 14, 2013.
216. ↑ Interview: The willingness to help online is huge ( memento from June 18, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ) , sueddeutsche.de
217. ↑ The willingness to help is unbelievable ( Memento from July 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) , wdr.de
218. ↑ Flood: Solidarity is organized digitally , focus.de;
     Phenomenon Facebook - flood helpers organize themselves on the Internet , volksstimme.de
219. ↑ Flood gazers should pay a fine of 3000 euros , berliner-kurier.de
220. ↑ Fire brigade president calls for assistance for gawkers: Operations managers should draw onlookers to work during floods , presseportal.de.
221. ↑ The floating danger
222. ↑ In continuous use against the floods
223. ↑ Elbe floods: nuclear power plants in danger?  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
224. ↑ Nahle weir opened: masses of water flow into Leipzig's alluvial forest - Schlobachshof flooded
225. ^ Elbe floods villages in the Altmark , Volksstimme from June 11, 2013
226. ^ Mobile dykes from Henstedt-Ulzburg
227. ↑ Hochtaunus helps with floods
228. ↑ A wall made of straw protects the road from Sandkrug to Bälow ( Memento from June 13, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
229. ^ Floods in the Czech Republic claim tenth victim ( memento from June 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) , Radio Prague, June 7, 2013
230. ↑ A total of 8 dead in floods - further risk of dike breaches , badische-zeitung.de, June 16, 2013
231. ↑ Flood moves east , news.orf.at, June 3, 2013; Vbg: Two dead men pulled out of the water , heute.at, June 6, 2013
232. ↑ Less flood damage than feared . In: Handelsblatt . No. 135 , July 17, 2013, ISSN  0017-7296 , p. 9 .
233. ^ Evacuation in Brandenburg - Billions in damage in Saxony , ZEIT online, June 6, 2013
234. ↑ Regina Reitsamer: 2.2 billion euros remain in damage. Floods hit agriculture and tourism massively - the reconstruction could also do business . In: Salzburger Nachrichten . June 6, 2013, Economy, p. 13 . Budget targets endangered by floods , Nikolaus Jilch in Die Presse , June 5, 2013.
     
235. ↑ Floods: clean-up work and damage reports , Markéta Kachlíková in Radio Prague, radio.cz, June 6, 2013
236. ↑ Merkel promises 100 million euros in emergency aid , faz.net of June 4, 2013.
237. ↑ How are the millions of euros distributed? In: zeit.de . 5th June 2013.
238. ↑ Financial aid after flood damage. The Federal Government can top up the disaster fund at any time . derstandard.at, June 3, 2013;
     Fekter: "Disaster fund not limited" . DiePresse.com, June 4, 2013.
239. ↑ Till Janzer: Balance of the floods in the Czech Republic: damages in the billions. Radio Prague, radio.cz, June 11, 2013.
240. ↑ Financial aid for flood victims ( memento of the original from March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , salzburg24.at, June 3, 2013.
241. ↑ Warning from Brussels: EU lacks money for flood relief. In: Spiegel.de . 5th June 2013.
242. ^ German Bundestag : Bundestag resolves a fund for development aid. June 28, 2013.
243. ↑ Beate Tenfelde: Transport Minister complains about a large number of complaints . In: Osnabrück newspaper . July 5, 2013 ( noz.de ). Transport minister complains about a large number of complaints ( memento of the original from July 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
244. ↑ DB despite the flood . In: DB World . No. 7 , 2013, p. 5 .
245. ↑ Dieter Fockenbrock: The onward journey is delayed . In: Handelsblatt . No. 141 , July 25, 2013, p. 19 .
246. ^ Kerstin Schwenn: King measurement in imperial weather . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . October 24, 2013, p. 7 (similar version to faz.net ).
247. ↑ Germany receives flood aid from the EU. In: Handelsblatt . October 3, 2013, accessed October 3, 2013.
248. ↑ Brussels for EUR 21.6 million in aid after flooding on ORF on October 3, 2013, accessed on October 3, 2013.
249. ↑ Flood aid: The Czech Republic receives 15.9 million euros from EU funds on Radio Prague on October 3, 2013, accessed on October 3, 2013.
250. ↑ ORF Flood Aid ( Memento of the original from June 8, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - Official donation website of the Austrian Red Cross, roteskreuz.at; ORF-Flood Aid - Immediately ( Memento of the original from June 7, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , orf.at.  
      
251. ↑ Ö3-Wecker der Helfer ( Memento of the original from June 8, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , oe3.orf.at, June 5, 2013 
252. ↑ Service for flood victims: Flood: Help in the net , berliner-zeitung.de, June 4, 2013 - here also several pages linked.
253. ↑ Facebook: Info page - Flood Austria 2013 , Facebook.com.
254. ↑ Facebook: further information page - Flood Austria 2013 , Facebook.com.
255. ↑ Facebook: Coordination page Passau flood 2013 , Facebook.com
256. ^ Facebook: coordination page Deggendorf flood 2013 , Facebook.com
257. ↑ Appeal for donations at Wetten Dass ..? , ad-hoc-news.de of June 8th, accessed on June 8th
258. ↑ Spendenmarathon ARD , ard.de from June 17th, accessed on June 20th
259. ↑ abendzeitung-muenchen.de September 1, 2013
260. ↑ Borussia Dortmund supports the flood victims . bvb.de, June 7, 2013
261. ↑ Donation gala of the MDR "Together against the flood" ( Memento of the original from January 2, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
262. ↑ Flood protection ( Memento of the original from June 19, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
263. ↑ Rain retention basin against flood disasters
264. ↑ Brief information on flood prevention ( memento of the original from March 30, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
265. ↑ Settlements, Agriculture and Industry ( Memento of the original from March 30, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
266. ↑ presseportal.de
267. ↑ Press releases from the Conference of Environment Ministers
268. ↑ Bures wants to accelerate flood protection . DiePresse.com, June 14, 2013.
269. ↑ 250 million euros for flood protection ORF.at from August 14, 2013
270. ↑ for example: Leitner: Moving forward flood protection structures with the Lower Austrian Future Fund - Support municipalities with the construction of planned protective structures with 500 million euros , press release, APA OTS0025, June 27, 2009.