List of Heads of State 2004
Overview
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Africa
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Egypt
- Head of State: President Husni Mubarak (1981–2011) (1981–1982 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Atif Abaid (1999–14 July 2004)
- Prime Minister Ahmad Nazif (July 14, 2004–2011)
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Algeria
- Head of State: President Abd al-Aziz Bouteflika (1999-2019)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Ahmed Ouyahia ( 1995–1998 , 2003–2006, 2008–2012, 2017–2019 )
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Angola
- Head of State: President José Eduardo dos Santos (1979-2017)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Fernando da Piedade Dias dos Santos (2002–2008)
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Equatorial Guinea
- Head of State: President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo (since 1979) (until 1982 Chairman of the Supreme Military Council)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Cándido Muatetema Rivas (2001–14 June 2004)
- Prime Minister Miguel Abia Biteo Boricó (June 14, 2004-2006)
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Ethiopia
- Head of State: President Girma Wolde-Giorgis (2001-2013)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Meles Zenawi (1995–2012) (1991–1995 President)
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Benin
- Head of State and Government: President Mathieu Kérékou ( 1972–1991 , 1996–2006)
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Botswana
- Head of State and Government: President Festus Mogae (1998–2008)
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Burkina Faso
- Head of State: President Blaise Compaoré (1987-2014)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Paramanga Ernest Yonli (2000–2007)
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Burundi
- Head of State and Government: President Domitien Ndayizeye (2003-2005)
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Djibouti
- Head of State: President Ismail Omar Guelleh (since 1999)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Dileita Mohamed Dileita (2001-2013)
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Ivory Coast
- Head of State: President Laurent Gbagbo (2000–2011)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Seydou Diarra ( 2000 , 2003-2005)
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Eritrea
- Head of State and Government: President Isayas Afewerki (since 1993)
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Gabon
- Head of State: President Omar Bongo Ondimba (1967–2009)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Jean-François Ntoutoume Emane (1999–2006)
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Gambia
- Head of State and Government: President Yahya Jammeh (1994–2017) (until 1996 Chairman of the Provisional Government Council of the Army)
-
Ghana
- Head of State or Government: President John Agyekum Kufuor (2001–2009)
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Guinea
- Head of State: President Lansana Conté (1984–2008)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Lamine Sidimé (1999–23 February 2004)
- Prime Minister François Lonseny Fall (February 23, 2004– April 30, 2004)
- Prime Minister Cellou Dalein Diallo (December 9, 2004–2006)
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Guinea-Bissau
- Head of State: President Henrique Pereira Rosa (2003-2005) (acting)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Artur Sanhá (2003-10 May 2004)
- Prime Minister Carlos Gomes Júnior (May 10, 2004–2005, 209–2012 )
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Cameroon
- Head of State: President Paul Biya (since 1982)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Peter Mafany Musonge (1996–8 December 2004)
- Prime Minister Ephraïm Inoni (December 8, 2004–2009)
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Cape Verde
- Head of State: President Pedro Pires (2001–2011) (1975–1991 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister José Maria Neves (since 2001)
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Kenya
- Head of State and Government: President Mwai Kibaki (2002–2013)
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Comoros
- Head of State and Government: President Azali Assoumani ( 1991–2002 , 2002–2006)
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Democratic Republic of the Congo (until 1964 Congo-Léopoldville , 1964–1971 Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1971–1997 Zaïre )
- Head of State and Government: President Joseph Kabila (2001-2019)
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Republic of the Congo (1960–1970 Congo-Brazzaville ; 1970–1992 People's Republic of the Congo )
- Head of State and Government: President Denis Sassou-Nguesso ( 1979–1992 , since 1997)
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Lesotho
- Head of State: King Letsie III. ( 1990–1995 , since 1996)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Bethuel Pakalitha Mosisili (1998–2012, 2015–2017 )
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Liberia
- Head of State and Government: Chairman of the national transitional government Gyude Bryant (2003-2006)
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Libya
- Revolutionary leader: Muammar al-Gaddafi (1969–2011) (1969–1979 General Secretary of the General People's Congress)
- Head of State: General Secretary of the General People's Congress Zantani Muhammad az-Zantani (1992-2008)
- Head of Government: General Secretary of the General People's Committee Schukri Ghanim (2003-2006)
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Madagascar
- Head of State: President Marc Ravalomanana (2002–2009)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Jacques Sylla (2002–2007)
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Malawi
- Head of State and Government:
- President Bakili Muluzi (1994–24 May 2004)
- President Bingu wa Mutharika (May 24, 2004–2012)
- Head of State and Government:
-
Mali
- Head of State: President Amadou Toumani Touré ( 1991–1992 , 2002–2012)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Ahmed Mohamed Ag Hamani (2002–30 April 2004)
- Prime Minister Ousmane Issoufi Maïga (April 30, 2004-2007)
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Morocco
- Head of State: King Mohammed VI. (since 1999)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Driss Jettou (2002–2007)
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Mauritania
- Head of State: President Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya (1984–2005) (1981–1984, 1984–1992 v)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Sghaïr Ould M'Bareck ( 1996–1997 , 2003–2005)
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Mauritius
- Head of State: President Anerood Jugnauth (2003–2012) (1982–1985, 2000–2003, 2014–2017 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Paul Bérenger (2003-2005)
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Mozambique
- Head of State: President Joaquim Alberto Chissano (1986-2005)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Pascoal Mocumbi (1994–17 February 2004)
- Prime Minister Luísa Diogo (February 17, 2004–2010)
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Namibia
- Head of State: President Sam Nujoma (1990-2005)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Theo-Ben Gurirab (2002–2005)
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Niger
- Head of State: President Tandja Mamadou (1999-2010)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Hama Amadou ( 1995–1996 , 2000–2007)
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Nigeria
- Head of State and Government: President Olusegun Obasanjo ( 1976–1979 , 1999–2007)
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Rwanda
- Head of State: President Paul Kagame (since 2000)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Bernard Makuza (2000–2011)
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Zambia
- Head of State and Government: President Levy Mwanawasa (2002–2008)
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Sao Tome and Principe
- Head of State: President Fradique de Menezes ( 2001–2003 , 2003–2011)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Maria das Neves ( 2002–2003 , 2003–18 September 2004)
- Prime Minister Damião Vaz d'Almeida (September 18, 2004–2005)
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Senegal
- Head of State: President Abdoulaye Wade (2000–2012)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Idrissa Seck (2002–21 April 2004)
- Prime Minister Macky Sall (April 21, 2004–2007) (President since 2012)
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Seychelles
- Head of State and Government:
- President France-Albert René (1977–14 April 2004) (1976–1977 Prime Minister)
- President James Alix Michel (April 14, 2004-2016)
- Head of State and Government:
-
Sierra Leone
- Head of State and Government: President Ahmad Tejan Kabbah ( 1996–1997 , 1998–2007)
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Zimbabwe
- Head of State and Government: President Robert Mugabe (1987–2017) (1980–1987 Prime Minister)
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Somalia
- Head of State:
- President Abdikassim Salat Hassan (2000–14 October 2004)
- President Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed (October 14, 2004–2008)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Mohammed Abdi Yusuf (2003–3 November 2004)
- Prime Minister Ali Mohammed Ghedi (November 3, 2004–2007)
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Somaliland (not internationally recognized)
- Head of State and Government: President Dahir Riyale Kahin (2002–2010)
- Head of State:
-
South Africa
- Head of State and Government: President Thabo Mbeki (1999–2008)
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Sudan
- Head of State and Government: President Umar al-Bashir (1989–2019)
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Swaziland
- Head of State: King Mswati III. (since 1986)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Absalom Themba Dlamini (2003-2008)
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Tanzania
- Head of State: President Benjamin Mkapa (1995-2005)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Frederick Sumaye (1995-2005)
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Togo
- Head of State: President Gnassingbé Eyadéma (1967-2005)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Koffi Sama (2002-2005)
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Chad
- Head of State: President Idriss Déby (since 1990)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Moussa Faki (2003-2005)
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Tunisia
- Head of State: President Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali (1987–2011) (Prime Minister 1987)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Mohamed Ghannouchi (1999–2011)
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Uganda
- Head of State: President Yoweri Museveni (since 1986)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Apolo Nsibambi (1999–2011)
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Western Sahara (controversial)
- Head of State: President Mohamed Abdelaziz (1976-2016) (in exile)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Abdelkader Taleb Oumar (2003–2018) (in exile)
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Central African Republic
- Head of State: President François Bozizé (2003-2013)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Célestin Gaombalet (2003-2005)
America
North America
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Canada
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952)
- Governor General : Adrienne Clarkson (1999–2005)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Paul Martin (2003-2006)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952)
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Mexico
- Head of State or Government: President Vicente Fox (2000–2006)
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United States of America
- Head of State or Government: President George W. Bush (2001–2009)
Central America
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Antigua and Barbuda
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1981)
- Governor General : James Carlisle (1993-2007)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Lester Bird (1994–24 March 2004)
- Prime Minister Baldwin Spencer (March 24, 2004–2014)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1981)
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Bahamas
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1973)
- Governor General : Ivy Dumont (2001-2005)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Perry Christie (2002-2007, 2012-2017 )
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1973)
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Barbados
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1966)
- Governor General : Clifford Husbands (1996-2011)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Owen Arthur (1994–2008)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1966)
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Belize
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1981)
- Governor General : Colville Young (since 1993)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Said Musa (1998–2008)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1981)
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Costa Rica
- Head of State and Government: President Abel Pacheco (2002–2006)
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Dominica
- Head of State: President Nicholas Liverpool (2003–2012)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Pierre Charles (2000–6 January 2004)
- Prime Minister Osborne Riviere (January 6, 2004– January 8, 2004) (acting)
- Prime Minister Roosevelt Skerrit (since January 8, 2004)
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Dominican Republic
- Head of State and Government:
- President Hipólito Mejía (2000–16 August 2004)
- President Leonel Fernández ( 1996–2000 , August 16, 2004–2012)
- Head of State and Government:
-
El Salvador
- Head of State and Government:
- President Francisco Flores Pérez (1999–1 June 2004)
- President Antonio Saca (June 1, 2004–2009)
- Head of State and Government:
-
Grenada
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1974)
- Governor General : Daniel Williams (1996-2008)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Keith Mitchell (1995–2008, since 2013 )
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1974)
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Guatemala
- Head of State and Government:
- President Alfonso Antonio Portillo Cabrera (2000–14 January 2004)
- President Óscar Berger Perdomo (January 14, 2004–2008)
- Head of State and Government:
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Haiti
- Head of State:
- President Jean-Bertrand Aristide ( 1991, 1993–1994, 1994–1996 , 2001–29 February 2004)
- President Boniface Alexandre (February 29, 2004–2006)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Yvon Neptune (2002–12 March 2004)
- Prime Minister Gérard Latortue (March 12, 2004–2006)
- Head of State:
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Honduras
- Head of State and Government: President Ricardo Maduro (2002–2006)
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Jamaica
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1962)
- Governor General : Howard Cooke (1991-2006)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Percival J. Patterson (1992–2006)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1962)
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Cuba
- Head of State and Head of Government: President of the Council of State and the Council of Ministers Fidel Castro (1976-2008) (1959-1976 Prime Minister)
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Nicaragua
- Head of State and Government: President Enrique Bolaños (2002–2007)
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Panama
- Head of State and Government:
- President Mireya Moscoso (1999–1 September 2004)
- President Martín Torrijos (September 1, 2004–2009)
- Head of State and Government:
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St. Kitts and Nevis
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1983)
- Governor General : Cuthbert Sebastian (1996–2013)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Denzil Douglas (1995-2015)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1983)
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St. Lucia
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1979)
- Governor General : Dame Pearlette Louisy (1997-2017)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Kenneth Anthony (1997-2006, 2011-2016 )
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1979)
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St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1979)
- Governor General : Frederick Ballantyne (2002–2019)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Ralph Gonsalves (since 2001)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1979)
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Trinidad and Tobago
- Head of State: President George Maxwell Richards (2003-2013)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Patrick Manning ( 1991–1995 , 2001–2010)
South America
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Argentina
- Head of State and Government: President Néstor Kirchner (2003–2007)
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Bolivia
- Head of State and Government: President Carlos Mesa (2003-2005)
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Brazil
- Head of State and Government: President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003–2011)
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Chile
- Head of State and Government: President Ricardo Lagos Escobar (2000–2006)
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Ecuador
- Head of State and Government: President Lucio Gutiérrez ( 2000 , 2003-2005)
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Guyana
- Head of State: President Bharrat Jagdeo (1999-2011) (1999 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Sam Hinds ( 1992–1997, 1997–1999 , 1999–2015) (1997 President)
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Colombia
- Head of State and Government: President Álvaro Uribe Vélez (2002–2010)
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Paraguay
- Head of State and Government: President Nicanor Duarte Frutos (2003-2008)
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Peru
- Head of State: President Alejandro Toledo (2001-2006)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Carlos Ferrero Costa (2003-2005)
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Suriname
- Head of State and Government: President Ronald Venetiaan ( 1991–1996 , 2000–2010)
- Head of Government: Vice-President Jules Ratankumar Ajodhia ( 1991–1996 , 2000–2005)
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Uruguay
- Head of State and Government: President Jorge Batlle Ibáñez (2000–2005)
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Venezuela
- Head of State and Government: President Hugo Chávez ( 1999–2002 , 2002–2013)
Asia
East, South and Southeast Asia
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Bangladesh
- Head of State: President Iajuddin Ahmed (2002–2009) (2006–2007 Head of Government)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Khaleda Zia ( 1991–1996 , 2001–2006)
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Bhutan
- Head of State: King Jigme Singye Wangchuck (1972-2006)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Jigme Thinley ( 1988–1989 , 2003–18 August 2004)
- Prime Minister Yeshey Zimba ( 2000–2001 , August 18, 2004–2005)
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Brunei
- Head of State and Government: Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah (since 1967)
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Republic of China (Taiwan)
- Head of State: President Chen Shui-bian (2000–2008)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Yu Shyi-kun (2002–2005)
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People's Republic of China
- Head of State: President Hu Jintao (2003-2013)
- Head of Government: Chairman of the State Council Wen Jiabao (2003-2013)
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India
- Head of State: President A. PJ Abdul Kalam (2002–2007)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee ( 1996 , 1998–22 May 2004)
- Prime Minister Manmohan Singh (May 22, 2004–2014)
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Indonesia
- Head of State and Head of Government:
- President Megawati Sukarnoputri (2001–20 October 2004)
- President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (October 20, 2004–2014)
- Head of State and Head of Government:
-
Japan
- Head of State: Emperor Akihito (1989-2019)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Jun'ichirō Koizumi (2001-2006)
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Cambodia
- Head of State:
- King Norodom Sihanouk ( 1941–1955 , 1993–6 October 2004) (1960–1970, 1975–1976, 1991–1993 President)
- King Norodom Sihamoni (since October 14, 2004)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Hun Sen (since 1985)
- Head of State:
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North Korea
- Chairman of the National Defense Commission : Kim Jong-il (1994–2011)
- Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly : Kim Yong-nam (since 1998)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Pak Pong-ju (2003–2007, 2013–2019 )
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South Korea
- Head of State: President Roh Moo-hyun (2003-2008)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Goh Kun ( 1997–1998 , 2003–25 May 2004)
- President Roh Moo-hyun (May 25, 2004– June 30, 2004) (acting)
- Prime Minister Lee Hae-chan (June 30, 2004–2006)
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Laos
- Head of State: President Khamtay Siphandone (1998-2006)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Boungnang Vorachith (2001-2006)
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Malaysia
- Head of State: Supreme Ruler Syed Sirajuddin (2001-2006)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi (2003–2009)
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Maldives
- Head of State or Government: President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom (1978–2008)
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Myanmar
- Head of State: Chairman of the State Council for Peace and Development Than Shwe (1992–2011) (Prime Minister 1992–2003)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Khin Nyunt (2003–19 October 2004)
- Prime Minister Soe Win (October 19, 2004–2007)
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Nepal
- Head of State: King Gyanendra ( 1950–1951 , 2001–2008)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Surya Bahadur Thapa ( 1995–1997, 2001–2002 , 2003–3 June 2004)
- Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba ( 1995–1997, 2001–2002 , June 3, 2004–2005, 2017–2018 )
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East Timor
- Head of State: President Xanana Gusmão (2002–2007) (2007–2015 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Marí Bin Amude Alkatiri (2002–2006)
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Pakistan
- Head of State: President Pervez Musharraf (2001–2008) ( Head of Government 1999–2002)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Zafarullah Khan Jamali (2002–30 June 2004)
- Prime Minister Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain (June 30, 2004– August 28, 2004)
- Prime Minister Shaukat Aziz (August 28, 2004–2007)
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Philippines
- Head of State and Government: President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (2001–2010)
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Singapore
- Head of State: President Sellapan Ramanathan (1999-2011)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong (1990–12 August 2004)
- Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong (since August 12, 2004)
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Sri Lanka
- Head of State: President Chandrika Kumaratunga (1994–2005) (1994 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe ( 1993–1994 , 2001–6 April 2004, 2015–2018, 2018–2019 )
- Prime Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa (April 6, 2004–2005, 2018, since 2019 ) (2005–2015 President)
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Thailand
- Head of State: King Rama IX. Bhumibol Adulyadej (1946-2016)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra (2001-2006)
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Vietnam
- Head of State: President Trần Đức Lương (1997-2006)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Phan Văn Khải (1997-2006)
Middle East
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Armenia
- Head of State: President Robert Kocharyan (1998–2008) (1992–1994 Prime Minister of Nagorno-Karabakh, 1994–1997 President of Nagorno-Karabakh, 1997–1998 Prime Minister of Armenia)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Andranik Markarjan (2000–2007)
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Azerbaijan
- Head of State: President Ilham Aliyev (since 2003)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Artur Rasizadä ( 1996–2003 , 2003–2018)
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Nagorno Karabakh (not internationally recognized)
- Head of State: President Arkadi Ghukassjan (1997-2007)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Anuschawan Danieljan (1999–2007)
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Bahrain
- Head of State: King Hamad bin Isa Al Chalifa (since 1999) (Emir until 2002)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Khalifa ibn Salman Al Khalifa (since 1971)
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Georgia
- Head of State:
- Speaker of Parliament Nino Burjanadze (2003–25 January 2004, 2007–2008 ) (provisional)
- President Mikheil Saakashvili (January 25, 2004–2007, 2008–2013 )
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Zurab Schwania (2003-2005)
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Abkhazia (not recognized internationally)
- Head of State: President Wladislaw Ardsinba (1992-2005)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Raul Hadschimba (2003–6 October 2004)
- Prime Minister Nodar Chaschba (October 6, 2004–2005)
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South Ossetia (not internationally recognized)
- Head of State: President Eduard Kokoity (2001-2011)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Igor Sanakojew (2003-2005)
- Head of State:
-
Iraq (occupied by allied troops led by the USA in 2003)
- Supreme Commander of the Occupation Forces : John Abizaid (2003–28 June 2004)
- Head of State: President Ghazi al-Yawar (June 28, 2004–2005)
- Head of Government:
- Chief Civil Administrator Paul Bremer (2003–28 June 2004)
- Prime Minister Iyad Allawi (June 1, 2004–2005)
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Iran
- Religious head: Supreme legal scholar Ali Chamene'i (since 1989) (Prime Minister 1981–1989)
- Head of Government: President Mohammad Chātami (1997-2005)
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Israel
- Head of State: President Moshe Katzav (2000–2007)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Ariel Sharon (2001-2006)
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Yemen
- Head of State: Chairman of the Presidential Council Ali Abdullah Salih (1990–2012) (President from 1994) (1978–1990 President of North Yemen)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Abd al-Qadir Badschamal (2001-2007)
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Jordan
- Head of State: King Abdullah II (since 1999)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Faisal al-Fayiz (2003-2005)
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Qatar
- Head of State: Emir Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani (1995–2013) (1995–1996 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Abdullah bin Chalifa Al Thani (1996-2007)
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Kuwait
- Head of State: Emir Jabir III. (1977–2006) ( 1962–1963, 1965–1978 Prime Minister )
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Sabah al-Ahmad al-Jabir al-Sabah (2003-2006) (since 2006 Emir)
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Lebanon
- Head of State: President Émile Lahoud (1998–2007)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Rafiq al-Hariri ( 1992–1998 , 2000–21 October 2004)
- Prime Minister Omar Karami ( 1990–1992 , October 21, 2004–2005)
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Palestinian Territories
- Head of State:
- President: Yasser Arafat (1996–11 November 2004)
- President: Rauhi Fattuh (November 11, 2004–2005) (acting)
- Prime Minister: Ahmad Qurai (2003–2005, 2005–2006 )
- Head of State:
-
Saudi Arabia
- Head of State and Government: King Fahd ibn Abd al-Aziz (1982-2005)
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Syria
- Head of State: President Bashar al-Assad (since 2000)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Muhammad Nadschi al-Utri (2003-2011)
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Turkey
- Head of State: President Ahmet Necdet Sezer (2000–2007)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (2003-2014) (President since 2014)
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United Arab Emirates
- President:
- Said bin Sultan al-Nahayan (1971–2 November 2004) (1966–2004 Emir of Abu Dhabi)
- Chalifa bin Zayid Al Nahyan (since November 3, 2004) (since 2004 Emir of Abu Dhabi)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Maktum bin Raschid Al Maktum ( 1971–1979 , 1990–2006) (1990–2006 Emir of Dubai)
- President:
Central Asia
-
Afghanistan
- Head of State and Government: President Hamid Karzai (2001-2014)
-
Kazakhstan
- Head of State: President Nursultan Nazarbayev (1991-2019)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Danial Akhmetov (2003-2007)
-
Kyrgyzstan
- Head of State: President Askar Akayev (1991-2005)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Nikolai Tanajew (2002-2005)
-
Mongolia
- Head of State: President Natsagiin Bagabandi (1997-2005)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Nambaryn Enchbajar (2000–13 August 2004) (2005–2009 President)
- Prime Minister Tsachiagiin Elbegdordsch ( 1998 , August 13, 2004–2006) (President 2009–2017)
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Tajikistan
- Head of State: President Emomalij Rahmonow (since 1992)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Oqil Oqilow (1999-2013)
-
Turkmenistan
- Head of State and Government: President Saparmyrat Nyýazow (1991–2006)
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Uzbekistan
- Head of State: President Islom Karimov (1991-2016)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Shavkat Mirziyoyev (since 2003)
Australia and Oceania
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Australia
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952)
- Governor General : Michael Jeffery (2003-2008)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister John Howard (1996-2007)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952)
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Cook Islands (independent state in free association with New Zealand)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1965)
- Queen's Representative: Frederick Tutu Goodwin (2001-2013)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Robert Woonton (2002-14 December 2004)
- Prime Minister Jim Marurai (December 14, 2004-2010)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1965)
-
Fiji
- Head of State: President Josefa Iloilo (2000–2009)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Laisenia Qarase ( 2000–2001 , 2001–2006)
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Kiribati
- Head of State and Government: President Anote Tong (2003-2016)
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Marshall Islands
- Head of State and Government: President Kessai Note (2000–2008)
-
Micronesia
- Head of State and Government: President Joseph J. Urusemal (2003–2007)
-
Nauru
- Head of State and Government:
- President René Harris ( 1999–2000, 2001–2003, 2003 , 2003– June 22, 2004)
- President Ludwig Scotty ( 2003 , June 22, 2004–2007)
- Head of State and Government:
-
New Zealand
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952)
- Governor General : Silvia Cartwright (2001–2006)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Helen Clark (1999-2008)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952)
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Niue (independent state in free association with New Zealand)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1974)
- Queen's Representative: Governor General of New Zealand
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Young Vivian ( 1992–1993 , 2002–2008)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1974)
-
Palau
- Head of State and Government: President Tommy Remengesau (2001–2009, since 2013 )
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Papua New Guinea
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1975)
-
Governor General :
- Speaker of Parliament Bill Skate (2003–28 May 2004) (acting) (1997–1999 Prime Minister)
- Speaker of Parliament Jeffrey Nape (May 28, 2004– June 29, 2004, 2010 ) (acting)
- Paulias Matane (June 29, 2004–2010)
-
Governor General :
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Michael Somare ( 1975–1980, 1982–1985 , 2002–2011)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1975)
-
Solomon Islands
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1978)
-
Governor General :
- John Lapli (1999–7 July 2004)
- Nathaniel Waena (July 7, 2004–2009)
-
Governor General :
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Allan Kemakeza (2001-2006)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1978)
-
Samoa
- Head of State: O le Ao o le Malo Tanumafili II. (1962-2007)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Sailele Tuilaʻepa Malielegaoi (since 1998)
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Tonga
- Head of State: King Taufaʻahau Tupou IV. (1970-2006)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Ulukalala Lavaka Ata (2000–2006) (King since 2012)
-
Tuvalu
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1978)
- Governor General : Faimalaga Luka (2003-2005)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Saufatu Sopoanga (2002–27 August 2004)
- Prime Minister Maatia Toafa (August 27, 2004-2006, 2010 ) (provisional until October 11, 2004)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1978)
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Vanuatu
- Head of State:
- President John Bennett Bani (1999– March 24, 2004)
- Speaker of Parliament Roger Tom Abiutt (March 24, 2004– April 12 , 2004, 2004 ) (acting)
- President Alfred Maseng Nalo ( 1994 , April 12, 2004– May 11, 2004)
- President of Parliament Roger Tom Abiutt ( 2004 , May 11, 2004– July 29, 2004) (acting)
- President of the Parliament Josias Moli (July 29, 2004– August 16, 2004) (acting)
- Kalkot Mataskelekele (August 16, 2004–2009)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Edward Natapei (2001–29 July 2004, 2008–2010, 2011 )
- Prime Minister Serge Vohor ( 1995–1996, 1996–1998 , July 29, 2004– December 11, 2004, 2011 )
- Prime Minister Ham Lini (December 11, 2004–2008)
- Head of State:
Europe
-
Albania
- Head of State: President Alfred Moisiu (2002–2007)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Fatos Nano ( 1991, 1997–1998 , 2002–2005)
-
Andorra
-
Co-princes :
- President of France Jacques Chirac (1995-2007)
- Bishop of Urgell Joan Enric Vives i Sicília (since 2003)
- Head of Government: District President Marc Forné Molné (1994-2005)
-
Co-princes :
-
Belgium
- Head of State: King Albert II (1993-2013)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Guy Verhofstadt (1999–2008)
-
Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Head of State:
- Chairman of the State Presidency Dragan Čović ( 2003 , 2003–28 February 2004, 2015–2016 , 2017–2018 )
- President of the State Presidium Sulejman Tihić (February 28, 2004– October 28, 2004, 2006 )
- Chairman of the State Presidium Borislav Paravac ( 2003 , October 28, 2004–2005)
- State Presidency:
- Bosniaks: Sulejman Tihić (2002-2006)
- Croatians: Dragan Čović (2002–2005, 2014–2018 )
- Serbs: Borislav Paravac (2003-2006)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Adnan Terzić (2002–2007)
- Head of State:
-
Bulgaria
- Head of State: President Georgi Parvanov (2002–2012)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Simeon Sakskoburggotski (2001–2005) (1943–1946 King)
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Denmark
- Head of State: Queen Margrethe II (since 1972)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen (2001–2009)
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Faroe Islands (politically self-governing and autonomous part of the Kingdom of Denmark)
- Representative of the Danish government: Reichsombudsfrau Birgit Kleis (2001-2005)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Anfinn Kallsberg (1998–3 February 2004)
- Prime Minister Jóannes Eidesgaard (February 3, 2004–2008)
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Greenland (politically self-governing and autonomous part of the Kingdom of Denmark)
- Representative of the Danish government: Reichsombudsmann Peter Lauritzen (2002–2005)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Hans Enoksen (2002–2009)
-
Germany
- Head of State:
- Federal President Johannes Rau (1999–30 June 2004)
- Federal President Horst Köhler (July 1, 2004–2010)
- Head of Government: Federal Chancellor Gerhard Schröder (1998–2005)
- Head of State:
-
Estonia
- Head of State: President Arnold Rüütel ( 1991–1992 , 2001–2006)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Juhan Parts (2003-2005)
-
Finland
- Head of State: President Tarja Halonen (2000–2012)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Matti Vanhanen (2003-2010)
-
France
- Head of State: President Jacques Chirac (1995–2007) (1974–1976, Prime Minister 1986–1988)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Jean-Pierre Raffarin (2002-2005)
-
Greece
- Head of State: President Konstantinos Stefanopoulos (1995-2005)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Konstantinos Simitis (1996-10 March 2004)
- Prime Minister Kostas Karamanlis (March 10, 2004–2009)
-
Ireland
- Head of State: President Mary McAleese (1997-2011)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Bertie Ahern (1997-2008)
-
Iceland
- Head of State: President Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson (1996–2016)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Davíð Oddsson (1991–15 September 2004)
- Prime Minister Halldór Ásgrímsson (September 15, 2004–2006)
-
Italy
- Head of State: President Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (1999–2006) (Prime Minister 1993–1994)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi ( 1994–1995 , 2001–2006, 2008–2011 )
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Channel Islands
-
guernsey
- Head of State and Government: Duchess Elisabeth II (since 1952)
- Lieutenant Governor: John Foley (2000-2005)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Laurie Morgan (May 1, 2004–2007)
- Head of State and Government: Duchess Elisabeth II (since 1952)
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jersey
- Head of State and Government: Duchess Elisabeth II (since 1952)
- Lieutenant Governor: John Cheshire (2001-2006)
- Head of State and Government: Duchess Elisabeth II (since 1952)
-
guernsey
-
Croatia
- Head of State: President Stjepan Mesić (2000–2010)
- Head of Government: District President Ivo Sanader (2003–2009)
-
Latvia
- Head of State: President Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga (1999–2007)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Einars Repše (2002–9 March 2004)
- Prime Minister Indulis Emsis (March 9, 2004– December 2, 2004)
- Prime Minister Aigars Kalvītis (December 2, 2004–2007)
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Liechtenstein
- Head of State: Prince Hans-Adam II. (Since 1989)
- Regent: Hereditary Prince Alois (since August 15, 2004)
- Head of Government : Otmar Hasler (2001–2009)
- Head of State: Prince Hans-Adam II. (Since 1989)
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Lithuania
- Head of State:
- President Rolandas Paksas (2003–6 April 2004) (1999, 2000–2001 Prime Minister)
- Speaker of Parliament Artūras Paulauskas (April 6, 2004– July 12, 2004) (acting)
- President Valdas Adamkus ( 1998–2003 , July 12, 2004–2009)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Algirdas Brazauskas (2001–2006) (1992–1998 President)
- Head of State:
-
Luxembourg
- Head of State: Grand Duke Henri (since 2000)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Jean-Claude Juncker (1995-2013)
-
Malta
- Head of State:
- President Guido de Marco (1999–4 April 2004)
- President Edward Fenech Adami (April 4, 2004–2009) (1987–1996, 1998–2004 President)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Edward Fenech Adami ( 1987–1996 , 1998–23 March 2004) (2004–2009 President)
- Prime Minister Lawrence Gonzi (March 23, 2004–2013)
- Head of State:
-
Isle of Man
- Head of State: Lord of Man Elizabeth II (since 1952)
- Lieutenant Governor : Ian David Macfadyen (2000-2005)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Richard Corkill (2001-14 December 2004)
- Prime Minister Donald Gelling ( 1996-2001 , December 14, 2004-2006)
- Head of State: Lord of Man Elizabeth II (since 1952)
-
Macedonia
- Head of State:
- President Boris Trajkovski (1999–26 February 2004)
- Speaker of the Parliament Ljupčo Jordanovski (February 26, 2004 May 12, 2004)
- President Branko Crvenkovski (May 12, 2004–2009) (1992–1998, Prime Minister 2002–2004)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Branko Crvenkovski ( 1992–1998 , 2002–12 May 2004) (2004–2009 President)
- Prime Minister Radmila Šekerinska (May 12, 2004– June 2, 2004, 2004 ) (acting)
- Prime Minister Hari Kostov (June 2, 2004– November 18, 2004)
- Prime Minister Radmila Šekerinska ( 2004 , November 18, 2004– December 17, 2004) (acting)
- Prime Minister Vlado Bučkovski (December 17, 2004–2006)
- Head of State:
-
Moldova
- Head of State: President Vladimir Voronin (2001–2009)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Vasile Tarlev (2001-2008)
-
Transnistria (not internationally recognized)
- President: Igor Smirnov (1991–2011)
-
Monaco
- Head of State: Prince : Rainier III. (1949-2005)
- Head of Government: Minister of State Patrick Leclercq (2000–2005)
-
Netherlands
- Head of State: Queen Beatrix (1980-2013)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Jan Peter Balkenende (2002–2010)
-
Norway
- Head of State: King Harald V (since 1991)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Kjell Magne Bondevik ( 1997–2000 , 2001–2005)
-
Austria
- Head of State:
- Federal President Thomas Klestil (1992–6 July 2004)
- Presidium of the National Council Andreas Khol , Barbara Prammer , Thomas Prinzhorn (July 6, 2004– July 8, 2004) (acting)
- Federal President Heinz Fischer (July 8, 2004–2016)
- Head of Government: Federal Chancellor Wolfgang Schüssel (2000–2007)
- Head of State:
-
Poland
- Head of State: President Aleksander Kwaśniewski (1995-2005)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Leszek Miller (2001–2 May 2004)
- Prime Minister Marek Belka (May 2, 2004–2005)
-
Portugal
- Head of State: President Jorge Sampaio (1996-2006)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister José Manuel Barroso (2002–17 July 2004)
- Prime Minister Pedro Santana Lopes (July 17, 2004–2005)
-
Romania
- Head of State:
- President Ion Iliescu ( 1989–1996 , 2000–20 December 2004)
- President Traian Băsescu (December 20, 2004–2014)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Adrian Năstase (2000–21 December 2004)
- Prime Minister Eugen Bejinariu (December 21, 2004– December 29) (acting)
- Prime Minister Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu (December 29, 2004–2008)
- Head of State:
-
Russia
- Head of State: President Vladimir Putin (1999–2008, since 2012 ) (1999–2000, 2008–2012 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Mikhail Kassyanov (2000–24 February 2004)
- Prime Minister Viktor Khristenko (February 24, 2004– March 5, 2004)
- Prime Minister Michail Fradkow (March 5, 2004–2007)
-
San Marino
- Head of State: Capitani Reggenti
- Giovanni Lonfernini (October 1, 2003– April 1, 2004) and Valeria Ciavatta (October 1, 2003– April 1, 2004, 2014 )
- Paolo Bollini ( 1998–1999 , April 1, 2004– October 1, 2004) and Marino Riccardi ( 1991–1992 , April 1, 2004– October 1, 2004)
- Giuseppe Arzilli ( 1986–1987, 1999–2000 , October 1, 2004– April 1, 2005) and Roberto Raschi (October 1, 2004– April 1, 2005)
- Head of State: Capitani Reggenti
-
Sweden
- Head of State: King Carl XVI. Gustaf (since 1973)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Göran Persson (1996-2006)
-
Switzerland
- Federal President : Joseph Deiss (2004)
-
Federal Council :
- Moritz Leuenberger (1995-2010)
- Pascal Couchepin (1998-2009)
- Joseph Deiss (1999-2006)
- Samuel Schmid (2001-2008)
- Micheline Calmy-Rey (2003-2011)
- Christoph Blocher (January 1, 2004–2007)
- Hans-Rudolf Merz (January 1, 2004–2010)
-
Serbia and Montenegro
- Head of State and Government: President and Prime Minister Svetozar Marović (2003–2006)
-
Serbia
-
President :
- Natasa Mićić (2002–27 January 2004) (acting)
- Dragan Maršićanin (February 4, 2004– March 3, 2004) (acting)
- Vojislav Mihailović (March 3, 2004– March 4, 2004) (acting)
- Predrag Marković (March 4, 2004– July 11, 2004) (acting)
- Boris Tadić (July 11, 2004–2012)
- Prime Minister:
- Zoran Živković (2003–3 March 2004)
- Vojislav Koštunica (March 3, 2004–2008) (2000–2003 President of Yugoslavia)
-
President :
-
Montenegro
- President: Filip Vujanović ( 2002–2003 , 2003–2018) (1998–2003 Prime Minister)
- Prime Minister: Milo Đukanović ( 1991–1998 , 2003–2006, 2008–2010 )
-
Slovakia
- Head of State:
- President Rudolf Schuster (1999–15 June 2004)
- President Ivan Gašparovič (June 15, 2004–2014)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Mikuláš Dzurinda (1998–2006)
- Head of State:
-
Slovenia
- Head of State: President Janez Drnovšek (2002–2007) (1992–2000, 2000–2002 President)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Anton Rop (2002–9 November 2004)
- Prime Minister Janez Janša (November 9, 2004–2008, 2012–2013, since 2020 )
-
Spain
- Head of State: King Juan Carlos I (1975-2014)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister José María Aznar (1996–17 April 2004)
- Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero (April 17, 2004–2011)
-
Czech Republic
- Head of State: President Václav Klaus ( 1993 , 2003–2013) (1993–1997 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Vladimír Špidla (2002–26 July 2004)
- Prime Minister Stanislav Gross (July 26, 2004–2005)
-
Ukraine
- Head of State: President Leonid Kuchma (1994–2005) (Prime Minister 1992–1993)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Viktor Yanukovych (2002–2005, 2006–2007 ) (2010–2014 President)
-
Hungary
- Head of State: President Ferenc Mádl (2000-2005)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Péter Medgyessy (2002–29 September 2004)
- Prime Minister Ferenc Gyurcsány (August 27, 2004–2009) (August 27– September 29, acting)
-
Vatican city
- Head of State: Pope John Paul II (1978-2005)
- Head of Government: President of the Governorate Edmund Casimir Szoka (1997–2006)
-
United Kingdom
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952) (crowned 1953)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Tony Blair (1997-2007)
-
Belarus
- Head of State: President Aljaksandr Lukashenka (since 1994)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Sjarhej Sidorski (2003-2010)
-
Republic of Cyprus
- Head of State and Government: President Tassos Papadopoulos (2003–2008)
-
Northern Cyprus (not internationally recognized)
- Head of State: President Rauf Denktaş (1983-2005)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Derviş Eroğlu ( 1985–1994 , 1996–13 January 2004, 2009–2010 ) (2010–2015 President)
- Prime Minister Mehmet Ali Talât (January 13, 2004–2005) (2005–2010 President)