List of the Prime Ministers of the German states

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The list of minister-presidents of the German states contains all heads of government of the German states since 1945.

Acting Prime Ministers

The following table lists the incumbent Prime Ministers of the federal states of the Federal Republic of Germany (as of August 27, 2020) .

country Head of Government image Date of birth Political party Taking office Term of office Next state election State government Ruling parties
Baden-Württemberg Winfried Kretschmann
180913 Maiden voyage Hybrid Ferry 01 (cropped) .jpg
May 17, 1948 Green May 12, 2011 3396 days Spring 2021 Cabinet Kretschmann II Green-black
( Greens , CDU )
Bavaria Markus Söder
Markus Soeder (cropped) .jpg
0Jan. 5, 1967 CSU 16. Mar. 2018 896 days Autumn 2023 Söder II cabinet Black-orange
( CSU , Free Voters )
Berlin Michael Mueller
2017-11-16 Michael Müller (Wiki Loves Parliaments 2017 in Berlin) by Sandro Halank.jpg
0Dec 9, 1964 SPD Dec 11, 2014 2087 days Autumn 2021 Senate Müller II Red-red-green
( SPD , Die Linke , Grüne )
Brandenburg Dietmar Woidke
2017-03-19 Dietmar Woidke SPD party conference by Olaf Kosinsky-1.jpg
Oct 22, 1961 SPD 28 Aug 2013 2557 days Autumn 2024 Cabinet Woidke III Kenya
( SPD , CDU , Greens )
Bremen Andreas Bovenschulte
Bovenschulte, Andreas NEW-1.jpg
Aug 11, 1965 SPD 15th Aug 2019 379 days Spring 2023 Senate Bovenschulte Red-green-red
( SPD , Greens , Die Linke )
Hamburg Peter Tschentscher Peter Tschentscher (2018) .jpg Jan. 20, 1966 SPD 28 Mar 2018 884 days Early 2025 Tschentscher II Senate Red-Green
( SPD , Greens )
Hesse Volker Bouffier
MJK00898 Volker Bouffier.jpg
Dec 18, 1951 CDU Aug 31, 2010 3650 days Autumn 2023 Bouffier III cabinet Black-Green
( CDU , Greens )
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Manuela Schwesig
16-09-02-election campaign in Warnemünde-RR2 4804.jpg
May 23, 1974 SPD 04th July 2017 1151 days Autumn 2021 Schwesig cabinet Red-black
( SPD , CDU )
Lower Saxony Stephan Weil
Weil, Stephan.jpg
Dec 15, 1958 SPD 19th Feb. 2013 2747 days Autumn 2022 Weil II cabinet Red-black
( SPD , CDU )
North Rhine-Westphalia Armin Laschet
2017-09-24 Armin Laschet by Sandro Halank.jpg
Feb. 18, 1961 CDU June 27, 2017 1158 days Spring 2022 Laschet cabinet Black-yellow
( CDU , FDP )
Rhineland-Palatinate Malu Dreyer
WLP RLP 9648 Malu Dreyer.jpg
0Feb 6, 1961 SPD Jan. 16, 2013 2781 days Spring 2021 Dreyer II cabinet Traffic light
( SPD , FDP , Greens )
Saarland Tobias Hans
Tobias Hans-6779.jpg
0Feb. 1, 1978 CDU 01st Mar 2018 911 days Spring 2022 Cabinet Hans Black-red
( CDU , SPD )
Saxony Michael Kretschmer
Michael Kretschmer-v2 Pawel-Sosnowski - landscape format (cropped) .jpg
0May 7th 1975 CDU Dec 13, 2017 989 days Autumn 2024 Cabinet Kretschmer II Kenya
( CDU , Greens , SPD )
Saxony-Anhalt Pure Haseloff
Reiner Haseloff (Martin Rulsch) 09.jpg
Feb 19, 1954 CDU April 19, 2011 3419 days Spring 2021 Cabinet Haseloff II Kenya
( CDU , SPD , Greens )
Schleswig-Holstein Daniel Günther
Daniel Günther (2017) .jpg
July 24, 1973 CDU June 28, 2017 1157 days Spring 2022 Cabinet Günther Jamaica
( CDU , Greens , FDP )
Thuringia Bodo Ramelow
Feb 16, 1956 The left 04th Mar 2020 177 days Autumn 2024

(announced but not yet decided:
April 25, 2021)

Cabinet Ramelow II Red-red-green
( Die Linke , SPD , Greens ; minority government )
Acting Deputy Heads of Government
Deputy Political party country State government
Thomas Strobl CDU Baden-Württemberg Cabinet Kretschmann II
Hubert Aiwanger Free voters Bavaria Söder II cabinet
Klaus Lederer The left Berlin Senate Müller II
Ramona Pop Green Berlin Senate Müller II
Michael Stübgen CDU Brandenburg Cabinet Woidke III
Ursula Nonnemacher Green Brandenburg Cabinet Woidke III
Maike Schaefer Green Bremen Senate Bovenschulte
Katharina Fegebank Green Hamburg Senate Tschentscher I
Tarek Al-Wazir Green Hesse Cabinet Bouffier II
Lorenz Caffier CDU Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Schwesig cabinet
Bernd Althusmann CDU Lower Saxony Weil II cabinet
Joachim Stamp FDP North Rhine-Westphalia Laschet cabinet
Volker Wissing FDP Rhineland-Palatinate Dreyer II cabinet
Anke Rehlinger SPD Saarland Cabinet Hans
Wolfram Günther Green Saxony Cabinet Kretschmer II
Martin Dulig SPD Saxony Cabinet Kretschmer II
Petra Grimm-Benne SPD Saxony-Anhalt Cabinet Haseloff II
Claudia Dalbert Green Saxony-Anhalt Cabinet Haseloff II
Monika Heinold Green Schleswig-Holstein Cabinet Günther
Heiner Garg FDP Schleswig-Holstein Cabinet Günther
Wolfgang Tiefensee SPD Thuringia Cabinet Ramelow II
Anja Siegesmund Green Thuringia Cabinet Ramelow II

Overview

Overview of the Prime Ministers

countries

Baden-Württemberg

Predecessor countries from 1945 to 1952:
to bathe
Term of office Prime Minister Political party government Remarks image
June 2, 1945 -
December 3, 1946
Ministerial directorate with changing chairmen: Alfred Bund ( BCSV ), Karl Ott (independent), Adolf Schwarz (died on June 3, 1945), Paul Haußer ( DemP , from June 4, 1945), Ludwig Ganter (until August 1945), Paul Zürcher (BCSV, from September 1945), Friedrich Leibbrandt ( SPB , from January 1, 1946), Philipp Martzloff (SPB, from February 20, 1946) and Carl Diez (BCSV, from February 20, 1946)
December 3, 1946 -
April 25, 1952
Leo Wohleb BCSV
later: CDU
State Secretariat Wohleb , Cabinet Wohleb I , II , III Official title initially "President of the State Secretariat", from 1947 "State President" Leo Wohleb thumb.jpg
Leo Wohleb
Württemberg-Baden
Term of office Prime Minister Political party government Remarks image
September 24, 1945 -
April 25, 1952
Reinhold Maier DVP Cabinet Maier I , II , III First appointed by the USA, democratically confirmed in 1946 Reinhold Maier.jpg
Württemberg-Hohenzollern
Term of office Prime Minister Political party government Remarks image
December 9, 1946 -
July 8, 1947
Carlo Schmid SPD Cabinet Schmid II Appointed by France Carlo Schmid (1963) .jpg
July 8, 1947 -
August 3, 1948
Lorenz Bock CDU Cabinet buck Died in office Bundesarchiv Bild 175-05845, Koblenz, "Rittersturz Conference" .jpg
Lorenz Bock (left)
August 3, 1948 -
August 13, 1948
Carlo Schmid SPD - provisional
August 13, 1948 -
April 25, 1952
Gebhard Müller CDU Cabinet Müller Gebhard Müller.jpg
from 1952:
Baden-Württemberg
Term of office Prime Minister Political party government Remarks image
April 25, 1952 -
October 7, 1953
Reinhold Maier DVP / FDP Maier's cabinet Resignation after the poor performance of the FDP Baden-Württemberg in the federal election in 1953 Reinhold Maier.jpg
October 7, 1953 -
December 17, 1958
Gebhard Müller CDU Cabinet Müller I , II Resignation because of his election as President of the Federal Constitutional Court Gebhard Müller.jpg
December 17, 1958 -
December 1, 1966
Kurt Georg Kiesinger CDU Cabinet Kiesinger I , II , III Resignation because of his upcoming election as Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany Federal archive B 145 Bild-F024017-0001, Oberhausen, CDU party convention Rhineland, Kiesinger.jpg (cropped) .jpg
December 1, 1966 -
December 16, 1966
Wolfgang Haussmann FDP / DVP - provisional
December 16, 1966 -
August 30, 1978
Hans Filbinger CDU Cabinet Filbinger I , II , III , IV Resignation because of the so-called " Filbinger Affair " Hans Filbinger (Federal Archives B 145 Bild-F054633-0026, Ludwigshafen, CDU Federal Party Congress cropped) .jpg
August 30, 1978 -
January 13, 1991
Lothar Späth CDU Cabinet Späth I , II , III , IV Resignation because of the so-called " dream ship affair " Federal archive B 145 Bild-F082413-0001, Bremen, CDU federal party conference, Späth.jpg
January 13, 1991 -
April 29, 2005
Erwin the devil CDU Cabinet Teufel I , II , III , IV Resignation for reasons of age Erwin Teufel 2011.JPG
April 29, 2005 -
February 9, 2010
Günther Oettinger CDU Cabinet Oettinger I , II Resignation due to his upcoming appointment as European Commissioner for Energy Guenther hoettinger 2007-portrait.jpg
February 10, 2010 -
May 12, 2011
Stefan Mappus CDU Cabinet Mappus Loss of office due to electoral defeat StefanMappus.jpg
Since May 12, 2011 Winfried Kretschmann Alliance 90 / The Greens Cabinet Kretschmann I , II In conversation with Sylvia Löhrmann and Winfried Kretschmann (2) .jpg

Bavaria

Term of office Prime Minister Political party government Remarks image
May 28, 1945 -
September 28, 1945
Fritz Schäffer CSU Schäffer cabinet Appointed by the USA KAS-Schäffer, Fritz-Bild-395-1.jpg
September 28, 1945 -
December 21, 1946
Wilhelm Hoegner SPD Cabinet Hoegner I Appointed by the USA HoegnerWilhelm.jpg
December 21, 1946 -
December 14, 1954
Hans Ehard CSU Cabinet Ehard I , II , III Federal archive B 145 Bild-F011950-0010, Hans Ehard.jpg
December 14, 1954 -
October 16, 1957
Wilhelm Hoegner SPD Cabinet Hoegner II Resignation after losing the majority in the state parliament
October 16, 1957 -
January 26, 1960
Hanns Seidel CSU Cabinet Seidel I , II Resignation for health reasons Hanns Seidel.jpg
January 26, 1960 -
December 11, 1962
Hans Ehard CSU Cabinet Ehard IV
December 11, 1962 -
November 7, 1978
Alfons Goppel CSU Cabinet Goppel I , II , III , IV Federal archive B 145 Bild-F014898-0001, Alfons Goppel.jpg
November 7, 1978 -
October 3, 1988
Franz Josef Strauss CSU Cabinet Strauss I , II , III Died in office Franz Josef Strauss 1982.jpg
October 19, 1988 -
May 28, 1993
Max Streibl CSU Cabinet Streibl I , II Resignation because of the so-called " Amigo Affair " Federal archive B 145 Bild-F083103-0033, Munich, CSU party conference.jpg
Streibl (middle)
May 28, 1993 -
October 9, 2007
Edmund Stoiber CSU Cabinet Stoiber I , II , III , IV resignation DrEdmundStoiber.jpg
October 9, 2007 -
October 27, 2008
Günther Beckstein CSU Beckstein cabinet Resignation from office after significant loss of votes by the CSU in the state elections in 2008 8040ri-Guenther Beckstein.jpg
October 27, 2008 -
March 13, 2018
Horst Seehofer CSU Cabinet Seehofer I , II Resignation due to the upcoming appointment as Federal Minister of the Interior, for Building and Home Affairs 12-07-17-state parliament-project-bayern-RalfR-001.jpg
Since March 16, 2018 Markus Söder CSU Cabinet Söder I , II 2016-04-18-Markus Söder-tough but fair-4892.jpg

Berlin

1945 to 1948:
Greater Berlin
Term of office Lord Mayor Political party magistrate Remarks image
May 17, 1945 -
December 5, 1946
Arthur Werner independent Magistrate Werner Appointed by the USSR Photo library df pk 0000079 061.jpg
December 5, 1946 -
April 17, 1947
Otto Ostrowski SPD Magistrate Ostrowski Voted out by the city council at the request of its own parliamentary group by means of a vote of no confidence due to differences over how to deal with the SED
May 8, 1947 -
December 7, 1948
Louise Schroeder SPD Magistrate Schroeder acting; Ernst Reuter was elected Lord Mayor on June 24, 1947, but was not allowed to take office due to the veto of the Soviet military administration Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F046121-0033, Koblenz, "Rittersturz Conference", Schroeder.jpg
1948 to 1991:
The political status of Berlin after 1948 is complicated. West Berlin was de facto equal to a Land of the Federal Republic of Germany in many areas , but still formally under the Allied Occupation Statute with certain restrictions. Among other things, there was no conscription in West Berlin, and the West Berlin representatives in the German Bundestag and Bundesrat only had limited voting rights. After the administrative reform of 1952, there were no more states in the GDR, only districts . As the capital of the GDR, East Berlin did not belong to any district and did not form a separate district, but was increasingly treated as a district in administrative practice.
West Berlin
Term of office Governing Mayor
(until January 11, 1951: Lord Mayor)
Political party senate Remarks image
December 7, 1948 -
September 29, 1953
Ernst Reuter SPD Senate Reuter Died in office DBPB 1954 115 Ernst Reuter.jpg
October 22, 1953 -
January 11, 1955
Walther Schreiber CDU Senate clerk Loss of office due to electoral defeat DBPB 1960 192 Walther Schreiber.jpg
January 11, 1955 -
August 30, 1957
Otto Suhr SPD Senate Suhr Died in office Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F002766-0003, Recreational trip for Berlin children.jpg

Otto Suhr (center)

August 30, 1957 -
October 3, 1957
Franz Amrehn CDU Senate Suhr provisional Bundesarchiv Bild 183-C1106-0047-002, Berlin, visit CDU chairman Franz Amrehn.jpg Franz Amrehn (left)
October 3, 1957 -
December 1, 1966
Willy Brandt SPD Senate Brandt I , II , III Resignation due to the upcoming appointment as Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs and Deputy Federal Chancellor Willy Brandt (1959) .jpg
December 14, 1966 -
October 19, 1967
Heinrich Albertz SPD Senate Albertz I , II Provisional from December 1, 1966.

Resignation due to the shooting of Benno Ohnesorg at the demonstration on June 2, 1967 in West Berlin
Heinrich Albertz.jpg
October 19, 1967 -
May 2, 1977
Klaus Schütz SPD Senate Schütz I , II , III Resignation after several financial scandals Klaus Schütz thumb.jpg
May 2, 1977 -
January 23, 1981
Dietrich Stobbe SPD Senate Stobbe I , II Resigned after a Senate reshuffle in the House of Representatives that became necessary as a result of the Garski affair failed Federal Archives B 145 Bild-F054984-0021, Ronald Reagan, Dietrich Stobbe.jpg Dietrich Stobbe (right)
January 23, 1981 -
June 11, 1981
Hans-Jochen Vogel SPD Senate bird Loss of office due to electoral defeat Federal archive B 145 Bild-F055059-0019, Cologne, SPD party conference, Vogel.jpg
June 11, 1981 -
February 9, 1984
Richard von Weizsäcker CDU Weizsäcker Senate Resignation because of his upcoming election as Federal President of the Federal Republic of Germany Federal Archives Picture 146-1991-039-11, Richard v.  Weizsäcker.jpg
February 9, 1984 -
March 16, 1989
Eberhard Diepgen CDU Senate Diepgen I , II Loss of office due to electoral defeat KAS-Diepgen, Eberhard-Bild-4379-1.jpg
March 16, 1989 -
January 24, 1991
Walter Momper SPD Senate Momper Loss of office due to electoral defeat Bundesarchiv Bild 183-1990-0203-023, Berlin, SPD district party conference, Walter Momper.jpg
from 1991:
Berlin (after reunification)
January 24, 1991 -
June 16, 2001
Eberhard Diepgen CDU Senate Diepgen III , IV , V Voted out by a constructive vote of no confidence KAS-Diepgen, Eberhard-Bild-18960-1.jpg
June 16, 2001 -
December 11, 2014
Klaus Wowereit SPD Senate Wowereit I , II , III , IV resignation Klaus Wowereit 2012-02-24.jpg
Since December 11, 2014 Michael Mueller SPD Senate Müller I , II 2017-11-16 Michael Müller (Wiki Loves Parliaments 2017 in Berlin) by Sandro Halank.jpg

Brandenburg

Term of office Prime Minister Political party government Remarks image
July 4, 1945 -
October 1949
Karl Steinhoff SED / SPD Steinhoff cabinet Appointed by the USSR; October 1949 Interior Minister of the GDR Federal Archives Image 183-10279-0001, Karl Steinhoff.jpg
December 5, 1949 -
July 23, 1952
Rudolf Jahn SED Cabinet Jahn I , II Bundesarchiv Bild 183-20149-0002, Rudolf Jahn in conversation.jpg

Rudolf Jahn (right)

From July 25, 1952 to October 3, 1990, the state of Brandenburg was suspended.
November 1, 1990 -
June 25, 2002
Manfred Stolpe SPD Cabinet Stolpe I , II , III resignation Manfred Stolpe.JPG
June 25, 2002 -
August 28, 2013
Matthias Platzeck SPD Cabinet Platzeck I , II , III Resignation for health reasons Matthias-platzeck-ebw-01.jpg
Since August 28, 2013 Dietmar Woidke SPD Cabinet Woidke I , II , III 2017-03-19 Dietmar Woidke SPD party conference by Olaf Kosinsky-1.jpg

Bremen

Term of office Mayor and President of the Senate Political party senate Remarks image
May 4, 1945 -
July 31, 1945
Erich Vagts independent Senate Vagts Appointed by the USA
August 1, 1945 -
July 19, 1965
Wilhelm Kaisen SPD Senate Kaisen I , II , III , IV , V , VI , VII Appointed by the USA, democratically confirmed in 1947 Bgm Kaisen k.jpg
July 20, 1965 -
November 27, 1967
Willy Dehnkamp SPD Senate Dehnkamp Bgm Dehnkamp.jpg
November 28, 1967 -
September 17, 1985
Hans Koschnick SPD Senate Koschnick I , II , III , IV , V Bgm Koschnick.jpg
September 18, 1985 -
July 3, 1995
Klaus Wedemeier SPD Senate Wedemeier I , II , III Resignation from office after significant loss of votes by the SPD in the 1995 state elections Bgm Wedemeier k.jpg
July 4, 1995 -
November 7, 2005
Henning Scherf SPD Senate Scherf I , II , III Resignation for reasons of age HenningScherf.jpg
November 7, 2005 -
July 15, 2015
Jens Boehrnsen SPD Senate Böhrnsen I , II , III Resignation from office after significant loss of votes by the SPD in the 2015 general election Portrait of Mayor Boehrnsen.jpg
July 15, 2015 -
August 15, 2019
Carsten Sieling SPD Senate Sieling Resignation from office after significant loss of votes by the SPD in the 2019 general election WLP14-ri-0559- Carsten Sieling (SPD) .jpg
Since August 15, 2019 Andreas Bovenschulte SPD Senate Bovenschulte Bovenschulte, Andreas NEW-1.jpg

Hamburg

Term of office First Mayor and President of the Senate Political party senate Remarks image
May 15, 1945 -
November 15 (22), 1946
Rudolf Petersen CDU
(from June 1946)
Senate Petersen Appointed by the United Kingdom
November 15 (22), 1946 -
December 2, 1953
Max Brewer SPD Senate Brauer I , II Senate election November 15, 1946 (swearing in November 22) by the Hamburg citizenship .
After the state election in 1953 deselection
by vote of no confidence
Max Brauer 1927.jpg
December 2, 1953 -
December 4, 1957
Kurt Sieveking CDU Senate Sieveking Sieveking Kurt 7th CDU Federal Party Congress.JPG
December 4, 1957 -
December 31, 1960
Max Brewer SPD Senate Brewer III Resignation and agreed handover to a younger successor within the electoral term
January 1, 1961 -
June 9, 1965
Paul Nevermann SPD Senate Nevermann I , II Resignation due to press scandal after a state visit
(non-compliance with "protocol obligations" of the separated wife)
Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F009507-0007, Hamburg, visit by the President of Pakistan.jpg

Paul Nevermann (left)

June 9, 1965 -
June 9, 1971
Herbert Weichmann SPD Senate Weichmann I , II , III Resignation for reasons of age Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F034188-0011, Bonn, Heinemann receives the Lord Mayor.jpg
June 9, 1971 -
November 4, 1974
Peter Schulz SPD Senate Schulz I , II Resignation because of the poor performance of the SPD in the 1974 general election Peter Schulz First Mayor of Hamburg.jpg
November 12, 1974 -
May 25, 1981
Hans-Ulrich Klose SPD Senate Klose I , II Resignation due to internal party disputes over the Brokdorf nuclear power plant Federal archive B 145 Bild-F055059-0030, Cologne, SPD party conference, Klose.jpg
June 24, 1981 -
June 8, 1988
Klaus von Dohnanyi SPD Senate of Dohnanyi I , II , III , IV Temporarily minority or provisional Senate due to a lack of majorities after the citizenship elections in 1982 and 1986 Federal archive B 145 Bild-F055059-0017, Cologne, SPD party conference, Dohnanyi.jpg
June 8, 1988 -
October 8, 1997
Henning Voscherau SPD Senate Voscherau I , II , III Resignation after significant loss of votes by the SPD in the 1997 general election Federal archive B 145 Bild-F079282-0019, Münster, SPD party conference, Voscherau.jpg
November 12, 1997 -
October 30, 2001
Ortwin round SPD Senate round First head of government directly elected by the Hamburg citizenship .

Loss of office due to electoral defeat

Ortwinrunde.jpg
October 31, 2001 -
August 25, 2010
Ole von Beust CDU Senate of Beust I , II , III Resigns halfway through his third term Ole von Beust 3289.JPG
August 25, 2010 -
March 7, 2011
Christoph Ahlhaus CDU Senate Ahlhaus From November 29, 2010 to March 7, 2011 with a minority government.

Loss of office due to electoral defeat

Christoph Ahlhaus.jpg
March 7, 2011 -
March 13, 2018
Olaf Scholz SPD Senate Scholz I , II Resignation due to the appointment as Federal Minister of Finance and Deputy Federal Chancellor Olaf Scholz - State election in Hamburg 2015 02.jpg
Since March 28, 2018 Peter Tschentscher SPD Tschentscher Senate I , II 270618 TSCHENTSCHER 16 NEW 3 Detail.jpg

Hesse

Term of office Prime Minister Political party government Remarks image
1945 to 1946:
Greater Hessen
October 16, 1945 -
November 30, 1946
Karl Geiler independent Cabinet Geiler Appointed by the USA
from 1946:
Hesse
December 20, 1946 -
December 14, 1950
Christian Stock SPD Cabinet floor WP Stock Christian.jpg
December 14, 1950 -
October 3, 1969
Georg-August Zinn SPD Cabinet pewter I , II , III , IV , V Federal archive B 145 Bild-F024641-0036, State Representation Lower Saxony, reception, Strobel, Zinn, Schäfer.jpg

Georg-August Zinn (center)

October 3, 1969 -
October 3, 1976
Albert Osswald SPD Cabinet Osswald I , II , III Resignation due to the Helaba scandal Albert Osswald.jpg
October 12, 1976 -
April 23, 1987
Holger Borner SPD Cabinet Börner I , II , III Managing director from December 1, 1982 to July 4, 1984.

To state election in 1987 did not stand as the leading candidate of his party

Federal archive B 145 Bild-F055060-0007A, Cologne, SPD party conference, Börner retouched.jpg
April 23, 1987 -
April 5, 1991
Walter Wallmann CDU Wallmann's cabinet Loss of office due to electoral defeat Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F044088-0023, Bonn, Guillaume Investigation Committee Bundestag.jpg
April 5, 1991 -
April 7, 1999
Hans Eichel SPD Cabinet Eichel I , II Loss of office due to electoral defeat Hans Eichel 01.jpg
April 7, 1999 -
August 31, 2010
Roland Koch CDU Cabinet Koch I , II , III Managing director from April 5, 2008 to February 5, 2009.

Resignation due to an upcoming appointment as a member of the Executive Board at Bilfinger Berger

Roland Koch 03.jpg
Since August 31, 2010 Volker Bouffier CDU Cabinet Bouffier I , II , III MJK00898 Volker Bouffier.jpg

Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania

Term of office Prime Minister Political party government Remarks image
From December 9, 1946 to July 23, 1952, the state was called Mecklenburg .
July 4, 1945 -
July 19, 1951
Wilhelm Höcker SPD / SED Cabinet Höcker I , II Appointed by the USSR
July 19, 1951 -
July 28, 1951
Kurt Bürger SED Cabinet Citizens
August 24, 1951 -
July 23, 1952
Bernhard Quandt SED Quandt's cabinet Bundesarchiv Bild 183-57000-0706, Berlin, 5th SED party conference, 7th day.jpg
Bernhard Quandt (left)
From July 25, 1952 to October 3, 1990, the state of Mecklenburg was suspended.
October 27, 1990 -
March 18, 1992
Alfred Gomolka CDU Gomolka Cabinet Resignation due to the so-called " shipyard crisis " Alfred Gomolka (retouche) .png
March 19, 1992 -
November 2, 1998
Berndt page CDU Cabinet page I , II Loss of office due to electoral defeat KAS-Page, Berndt-Bild-15217-1.jpg
November 3, 1998 -
October 5, 2008
Harald Ringstorff SPD Cabinet Ringstorff I , II , III Resignation for reasons of age Harald Ringstorff Jun07.jpg
October 5, 2008 -
July 4, 2017
Erwin Sellering SPD Cabinet Sellering I , II , III Resignation for health reasons Erwin Sellering, SPD.jpg
Since July 4th 2017 Manuela Schwesig SPD Schwesig cabinet Manuela Schwesig 2014 (cropped) .jpg

Lower Saxony

Term of office Prime Minister Political party government Remarks image
Predecessor countries 1945/46:
Braunschweig
May 1945 -
May 7, 1946
Hubert Schlebusch SPD Schlebusch cabinet SchlebuschHubert.jpg
May 7, 1946 -
November 23, 1946
Alfred Kubel SPD Cabinet Kubel Federal Archives B 145 Bild-F046646-0036, Bonn, reception for Federal Council Director Dr.  Pfitzer.jpg

Alfred Kubel (left)

Hanover
August 23, 1946 -
December 9, 1946
Hinrich Wilhelm Kopf SPD Cabinet head Appointed by the United Kingdom Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F046120-0016, Koblenz, "Rittersturz Conference", Kopf.jpg
Oldenburg
May 1945 -
November 23, 1946
Theodor Tantzen FDP Cabinet Tantzen II TantzenTheodor.jpg
Schaumburg-Lippe
June 1945 -
April 30, 1946
Heinrich Drake independent Cabinet Drake I. Appointed by the United Kingdom; at the same time Prime Minister (official title: State President) of Lippe HeinrichDrake 5712.jpg
from 1946:
Lower Saxony
Term of office Prime Minister Political party government Remarks image
November 23, 1946 -
May 26, 1955
Hinrich Wilhelm Kopf SPD Cabinet head I , II , III , IV Appointed by the United Kingdom Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F046120-0016, Koblenz, "Rittersturz Conference", Kopf.jpg
May 26, 1955 -
May 12, 1959
Heinrich Hellwege DP Hellwege cabinet I , II Loss of office due to electoral defeat
May 12, 1959 -
December 21, 1961
Hinrich Wilhelm Kopf SPD Cabinet head V Died in office
December 29, 1961 -
July 8, 1970
Georg Diederichs SPD Diederich's cabinet I , II , III , IV Federal Archives B 145 Bild-F030208-0027, Bonn, State Representation Lower Saxony, Diederichs.jpg
July 8, 1970 -
February 6, 1976
Alfred Kubel SPD Cabinet Kubel I , II Resignation for reasons of age Federal Archives B 145 Bild-F046646-0036, Bonn, reception for Federal Council Director Dr.  Pfitzer.jpg
Alfred Kubel (left)
February 6, 1976 -
June 21, 1990
Ernst Albrecht CDU Cabinet Albrecht I , II , III , IV , V Loss of office due to electoral defeat Federal archive B 145 Bild-F078542-0022, Wiesbaden, CDU federal party conference, Albrecht.jpg
June 21, 1990 -
October 27, 1998
Gerhard Schröder SPD Cabinet Schröder I , II , III Resignation due to upcoming election as Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany Gerhardschroeder01.jpg
October 28, 1998 -
December 15, 1999
Gerhard Glogowski SPD Glogowski's cabinet Resignation after allegations of taking advantage
December 15, 1999 -
March 4, 2003
Sigmar Gabriel SPD Cabinet Gabriel Loss of office due to electoral defeat Sigmar Gabriel.jpg
March 4, 2003 -
June 30, 2010
Christian Wulff CDU Cabinet Wulff I , II Resignation due to the assumption of the office of Federal President of the Federal Republic of Germany Lower Saxony State Parliament DSCF7769.JPG
June 30, 2010 -
July 1, 2010
Jörg Bode FDP Cabinet Wulff II provisional Jörg Bode 2009 (08) .jpg
July 1, 2010 -
February 19, 2013
David McAllister CDU McAllister Cabinet Loss of office due to electoral defeat McAllister, David-9220.jpg
Since February 19, 2013 Stephan Weil SPD Cabinet Weil I , II Stephan Weil 2018.jpg

North Rhine-Westphalia

Term of office Prime Minister Political party government Remarks image
lip
May 1945 -
January 21, 1947
Heinrich Drake independent Cabinet Drake VIII Appointed by the United Kingdom; at the same time Prime Minister (official title: State President) of Schaumburg-Lippe (from June 1945 to April 1946) HeinrichDrake 5712.jpg
Term of office Prime Minister Political party government Remarks image
North Rhine-Westphalia
August 30, 1946 -
April 19, 1947
Rudolf Amelunxen independent,
from 1947
center
Cabinet Amelunxen I , II Appointed by the United Kingdom Rudolf Amelunxen - excerpt from Federal Archives B 145 Bild-F001946-0009, Berlin, Federal Assembly elects Federal President.jpg
June 16, 1947 -
February 19, 1956
Karl Arnold CDU Cabinet Arnold I , II , III Voted out by a constructive vote of no confidence Karl Arnold Postage Stamp Detail.jpg
February 20, 1956 -
July 20, 1958
Fritz Steinhoff SPD Steinhoff cabinet Loss of office due to electoral defeat Fritz Steinhoff ex Bundesarchiv Bild 183-2005-0919-519, Hamburg, meeting of the construction ministers of the western zones.jpg
July 21, 1958 -
December 7, 1966
Franz Meyers CDU Meyer's cabinet I , II , III Voted out by a constructive vote of no confidence Franz Meyers ex Ludwig Erhard 1965 FdG 1.jpg
December 8, 1966 -
September 19, 1978
Heinz Kühn SPD Cabinet Kühn I , II , III Federal archive B 145 Bild-F023752-0007, Heinz Kühn.jpg
September 20, 1978 -
May 26, 1998
Johannes Rau SPD Cabinet Rau I , II , III , IV , V Federal archive B 145 Bild-F073460-0009, Federal press conference, Bundestag election campaign, Rau.jpg
May 27, 1998 -
October 20, 2002
Wolfgang Clement SPD Cabinet Clement I , II Resignation due to upcoming appointment as Federal Minister for Economics and Labor Wolfgang Clement.jpg
October 21, 2002 -
November 5, 2002
Michael Vesper Green Cabinet Clement II provisional Vespers Michael 01.JPG
November 6, 2002 -
June 21, 2005
Peer Steinbruck SPD Steinbrück Cabinet Loss of office due to electoral defeat Peer-steinbrueck-may2008-bonn.jpg
June 21, 2005 -
July 14, 2010
Jürgen Rüttgers CDU Rüttger's cabinet Loss of office due to electoral defeat Juergen Ruettgers Hamm 2010.jpg
July 14, 2010 -
June 27, 2017
Hannelore Kraft SPD Cabinet Kraft I , II From July 14, 2010 to June 20, 2012 with a minority government

Loss of office due to electoral defeat

Hannelorekraft.jpg
Since June 27, 2017 Armin Laschet CDU Laschet cabinet 2017-09-24 Armin Laschet by Sandro Halank.jpg

Rhineland-Palatinate

Term of office Prime Minister Political party government Remarks image
December 1, 1946 -
July 8, 1947
Wilhelm Boden CDU Cabinet floor I , II Appointed by France Bundesarchiv Bild 183-H27936, Munich, Ministerpräsident-Treffen.jpg
July 9, 1947 -
May 18, 1969
Peter Altmeier CDU Cabinet Altmeier I , II , III , IV , V , VI The longest uninterrupted term of office of all German Prime Ministers after 1945 KAS-Altmeier, Peter-Bild-6902-1.jpg
May 19, 1969 -
December 1, 1976
Helmut Kohl CDU Cabinet Kohl I , II , III Resignation due to taking over the chairmanship of the CDU / CSU parliamentary group in the German Bundestag Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F045625-0008, Bonn, press conference CDU Bundesvorstand, Kohl.jpg
December 2, 1976 -
December 7, 1988
Bernhard Vogel CDU Cabinet Vogel I , II , III , IV Resignation due to internal party disputes Federal archive B 145 Bild-F073617-0024, Mainz, CDU federal party conference, Vogel.jpg
December 8, 1988 -
May 20, 1991
Carl-Ludwig Wagner CDU Cabinet Wagner Loss of office due to electoral defeat Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F086697-0002, Munich, Conference of the Prime Ministers.jpg

Carl-Ludwig Wagner (center)

May 21, 1991 -
October 26, 1994
Rudolf Scharping SPD Scharping cabinet Resignation due to taking over the chairmanship of the SPD parliamentary group in the German Bundestag Bundeswehr photo BVM012 Rudolf Scharping.jpg
October 26, 1994 -
January 16, 2013
Kurt Beck SPD Cabinet Beck I , II , III , IV , V Resignation for health reasons Kurt Beck - Germany Festival Bonn 2011 - 3237.jpg
Since January 16, 2013 Malu Dreyer SPD Dreyer cabinet I , II WLP RLP 9648 Malu Dreyer.jpg

Saarland

Term of office Prime Minister Political party government Remarks image
October 20, 1946 -
December 20, 1947
Erwin Müller CVP Administrative commission Chairman of the Administrative Commission
Saarland with the constitution of 1947 as an autonomous area:
December 15, 1947 -
October 23, 1955
Johannes Hoffmann CVP Cabinet Hoffmann I , II , III , IV Hoffmann Johannes 1.JPG
October 29, 1955 -
January 10, 1956
Heinrich Welsch independent Cabinet Welsch Transitional Cabinet
January 10, 1956 -
March 26, 1957
Hubert Ney CDU Cabinet Ney
Saarland after joining the Federal Republic of Germany in 1957:
June 4, 1957 -
April 23, 1959
Egon Reinert CDU Cabinet Reinert I , II Died in office
April 30, 1959 -
June 25, 1979
Franz-Josef Röder CDU Cabinet Röder I , II , III , IV , V , VI Died in office Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F009566-0006, Bonn, Conference of the Prime Ministers.jpg

Franz-Josef Röder (right)

June 26, 1979 -
July 4, 1979
Werner Klumpp FDP Cabinet Röder VI provisional Federal archive B 145 Bild-F052013-0020, Kiel, FDP federal party conference, Klumpp.jpg
July 5, 1979 -
April 8, 1985
Werner Zeyer CDU Cabinet Zeyer I , II , III Loss of office due to electoral defeat Federal archive B 145 Bild-F054632-0017, Ludwigshafen, CDU federal party conference, Zeyer.jpg
April 9, 1985 -
October 27, 1998
Oskar Lafontaine SPD Lafontaine cabinet I , II , III Resignation due to the upcoming appointment as Federal Minister of Finance Federal archive B 145 Bild-F079284-0010, Münster, SPD party conference, Lafontaine.jpg
November 10, 1998 -
September 28, 1999
Reinhard Klektiven SPD Cabinet climbs Loss of office due to electoral defeat Reinhard Klektiven portrait 2017.jpg
September 28, 1999 -
August 10, 2011
Peter Müller CDU Cabinet Müller I , II , III Resignation due to upcoming election as judge at the Federal Constitutional Court
August 10, 2011 -
March 1, 2018
Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer CDU Cabinet Kramp-Karrenbauer I , II , III Resignation due to election as General Secretary of the CDU Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer
Since March 1, 2018 Tobias Hans CDU Cabinet Hans Tobias Hans

Saxony

Term of office Prime Minister Political party government Remarks image
July 4, 1945 -
June 13, 1947
Rudolf Friedrichs SPD / SED Cabinet of Friedrich I , II Appointed by the USSR.

Died in office

Fotothek df ps 0000062 Portraits - Portraits ^ Politicians.jpg
July 30, 1947 -
July 23, 1952
Max Seydewitz SED Cabinet Seydewitz I , II Fotothek df roe-neg 0006 033 005 Portrait Max Seydewitz.jpg
The state of Saxony was suspended from July 25, 1952 to October 3, 1990.
October 27, 1990 -
April 18, 2002
Kurt Biedenkopf CDU Cabinet Biedenkopf I , II , III resignation Federal archive B 145 Bild-F082409-0036, Bremen, CDU federal party conference, Biedenkopf portrait.jpg
April 18, 2002 -
May 28, 2008
Georg Milbradt CDU Cabinet Milbradt I , II Resignation due to the Sachsen LB affair Milbrad Dresden Hbf.jpg
May 28, 2008 -
December 13, 2017
Stanislaw Tillich CDU Cabinet Tillich I , II , III resignation SAXONY CDU 06/13/20130123 - Portrait.jpg
Since December 13, 2017 Michael Kretschmer CDU Cabinet Kretschmer I , II Michael Kretschmer-v2 Pawel-Sosnowski - landscape format (cropped) .jpg

Saxony-Anhalt

Term of office Prime Minister Political party government Remarks image
July 16, 1945 -
October 1, 1949
Erhard Hubener LDPD Cabinet Hübener I , II The first cabinet was appointed by SMAD
October 10, 1949 -
July 23, 1952
Werner Bruschke SED Cabinet Bruschke I , II Werner Bruschke.jpg
The state of Saxony-Anhalt was suspended from July 25, 1952 to October 3, 1990.
October 28, 1990 -
July 4, 1991
Gerd Gies CDU Cabinet Gies resignation Bundesarchiv Bild 183-1990-1024-025, Magdeburg, coalition talks CDU - FDP.jpg

Gerd Gies (right)

July 4, 1991 -
November 28, 1993
Werner Münch CDU Münch cabinet Resignation because of the so-called " salary affair " Federal archive B 145 Bild-F089255-0009, Werner Münch.jpg
December 2, 1993 -
July 21, 1994
Christoph Bergner CDU Bergner cabinet Loss of office due to electoral defeat Bergner1.jpg
July 21, 1994 -
May 16, 2002
Reinhard Höppner SPD Cabinet Höppner I , II Loss of office due to electoral defeat Reinhard Hoeppner 2008.jpg
May 16, 2002 -
April 19, 2011
Wolfgang Böhmer CDU Cabinet Böhmer I , II To state election in 2011 did not stand as the leading candidate of his party KAS-Böhmer, Wolfgang-Bild-26353-3 (cropped) .jpg
Since April 19, 2011 Pure Haseloff CDU Cabinet Haseloff I , II 2018-11-29 Visit of BM Horst Seehofer to MP Reiner Haseloff in Magdeburg 1969.jpg

Schleswig-Holstein

Term of office Prime Minister Political party government Remarks image
November 15, 1945 -
April 19, 1947
Theodor Steltzer CDU Cabinet Steltzer I , II Appointed by the United Kingdom (as Chief President until 23 August 1946)
April 29, 1947 -
August 29, 1949
Hermann Lüdemann SPD Cabinet Lüdemann Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F046120-0015, Koblenz, "Rittersturz Conference", Lüdemann.jpg
August 29, 1949 -
September 5, 1950
Bruno Diekmann SPD Cabinet Diekmann
September 5, 1950 -
June 25, 1951
Walter Bartram CDU Bartram cabinet resignation Walter Bartram, cropped.jpg
June 25, 1951 -
October 11, 1954
Friedrich Wilhelm Luebke CDU Cabinet Lübke I , II Resignation for health reasons
October 11, 1954 -
January 7, 1963
Kai-Uwe von Hassel CDU Cabinet of Hassel I , II Resignation due to the upcoming appointment as Federal Minister of Defense Defense Minister Kai Uwe von Hassel (4909218489) .jpg
Jan. 7, 1963 -
May 24, 1971
Helmut Lemke CDU Cabinet Lemke I , II Resignation after the state elections in 1971 and change to the office of state parliament president Federal Archives B 145 Bild-F025579-0006, Bonn, President of the Bundesrat cropped.jpg
May 24, 1971 -
October 4, 1982
Gerhard Stoltenberg CDU Cabinet Stoltenberg I , II , III Resignation due to the upcoming appointment as Federal Minister of Finance Federal archive B 145 Bild-F054130-0025, Bonn, press conference CDU Presidium.jpg
October 14, 1982 -
October 2, 1987
Uwe Barschel CDU Cabinet Barschel I , II Resignation because of the so-called " Barschel Affair " KAS-Barschel, Uwe-Bild-7734-1 (cropped) .jpg
October 2, 1987 -
May 31, 1988
Henning Schwarz CDU Cabinet black provisional
May 31, 1988 -
May 4, 1993
Bjorn Engholm SPD Cabinet Engholm I , II Resignation because of the so-called " drawer affair " Federal Archives B 145 Bild-F080691-0010, Björn Engholm.jpg
May 19, 1993 -
April 27, 2005
Heath Simonis SPD Cabinet Simonis I , II , III First woman as elected head of government in a German country.

Withdrawal from state politics after the formation of a red-green minority government failed

1651 Heide Simonis.JPG
April 27, 2005 -
June 12, 2012
Peter Harry Carstensen CDU Cabinet Carstensen I , II To state election in 2012 did not stand as the leading candidate of his party PeterHarryCarstensen (Photo Frank Ossenbrink) .jpg
June 12, 2012 -
June 28, 2017
Torsten Albig SPD Cabinet Albig Loss of office due to electoral defeat 13-08-23-torsten-albig-03.jpg
Since June 28, 2017 Daniel Günther CDU Cabinet Günther Daniel Günther (2017) .jpg

Thuringia

Term of office Prime Minister Political party government Remarks image
June
15th - July 15th 1945
Hermann Brill SPD Cabinet Brill Appointed by the USA and in July 1945 by the USSR Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1974-008-05, Hermann Louis Brill.jpg
July 16, 1945 -
September 1, 1947
Rudolf Paul Independent / SED Cabinet Paul I , II Appointed by the USSR
October 9, 1947 -
July 23, 1952
Werner Eggerath SED Cabinet Eggerath I , II Semi-free election (1946) , fake election 1950 Bundesarchiv Bild 183-19000-3828, Werner Eggerath.jpg
From July 25, 1952 to October 3, 1990, the state of Thuringia was suspended.
November 8, 1990 -
February 5, 1992
Josef Duchač CDU Duchač cabinet Resignation due to lack of support in his party KAS-Duchac, Josef-Bild-15465-2 (cropped) .jpg
February 5, 1992 -
June 5, 2003
Bernhard Vogel CDU Cabinet Vogel I , II , III Resignation for reasons of age Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F077600-0003, Bernhard Vogel cropped.jpg
June 5, 2003 -
October 30, 2009
Dieter Althaus CDU Cabinet Althaus I , II Resignation after significant loss of votes by the CDU in the 2009 state elections Dieter Althaus2008.jpg
October 30, 2009 -
December 5, 2014
Christine Lieberknecht CDU Cabinet Lieberknecht After the state elections in 2014 , the previous coalition partner, the SPD, decided against further cooperation Thuringia's Prime Minister Christine Lieberknecht.JPG
December 5, 2014 -
February 5, 2020
Bodo Ramelow left Cabinet Ramelow I Attempt of a red-red-green minority government after the state elections in 2019 , but in the third ballot for the office of prime minister with 44 to 45 votes defeated the competitor of the FDP 2011-05-18-landtagsprojekt-erfurt-073.jpg
February 5, 2020 -
March 4, 2020
Thomas Kemmerich FDP no cabinet Resigned on February 8, 2020 due to the controversy surrounding the circumstances of his election . Then executive in office. 2011-05-18-landtagsprojekt-erfurt-062.jpg
since March 4, 2020 Bodo Ramelow left Cabinet Ramelow II Minority government 2019-10-27 Election evening Thuringia by Sandro Halank – 58.jpg

particularities

Prime Ministers per country

Most of the regularly elected (i.e. not appointed by the occupying powers or acting on a provisional basis) heads of government have seen the states of Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein, where the thirteenth First Mayor and Prime Minister are currently in power. In Bavaria the twelfth Prime Minister is currently in office and in Berlin (West) there were also twelve different governing mayors (from 1948 to 1991). In contrast, Malu Dreyer is only the seventh elected head of government in Rhineland-Palatinate. That is the lowest number if you consider the countries that have belonged to the Federal Republic in unchanged form since 1949.

The mayors of Berlin (East) and the Prime Ministers of the five eastern German states between 1949 and 1952 were not taken into account in this count. Among the eastern German states, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia are the record holders with six prime ministers each. Brandenburg was governed most continuously (three Prime Ministers). If you count only the governing mayors in Berlin from 1990, i.e. from the first election to the House of Representatives after the unification of the previously divided city, you come to three.

Administration with interruption

A number of people have held the office of head of government intermittently.

Even before the Nazi era, Heinrich Drake was chairman of the state presidium in the Free State of Lippe in a position comparable to that of a prime minister, until he was replaced by a state government led by the NSDAP in 1933 and was briefly a member of the Reichstag. In 1945 the Allies made him head of government in Lippe and, for a short time, in Schaumburg-Lippe . The latter opened up in Lower Saxony in 1946 . Lippe was integrated into the newly formed North Rhine-Westphalia in 1947 . As a result, Drake was not only Prime Minister of two different countries, but also involved in the dissolution of these. From 1947 to 1966 he held various regional offices.

Wilhelm Hoegner (SPD) was appointed Prime Minister of Bavaria by the US occupation forces in September 1945 . After the 1946 election , however, the CSU was by far the strongest force, whereupon the SPD entered into a coalition with the CSU as a junior partner and Hoegner remained in the government as deputy to Prime Minister Hans Ehard . In 1954, four parties under the leadership of the SPD formed a coalition against the CSU, whereby Hoegner was again prime minister. The coalition broke up in 1957, whereupon Hanns Seidel from the CSU became his successor.

Hans Ehard ( CSU ), in turn, also came to a second term. He was CSU Chairman for a few years and from 1955 President of the State Parliament, when he succeeded Hanns Seidel, who retired due to illness, in 1960 and remained in office until the end of 1962. Under his successor Alfons Goppel he remained Minister of Justice until 1966.

Hinrich Wilhelm Kopf ( SPD ) was appointed in August 1946 by the British occupying power as prime minister of the country Hanover and officiated after the merger the state of Lower Saxony until 1955. He retired then from politics, but in 1957, Interior Minister in the cabinet of Heinrich Hellwege of the DP , although its party had far fewer mandates than the SPD. In 1959 Kopf became Prime Minister again and remained in office until he died in late 1961.

Max Brauer (SPD) in Hamburg was elected first mayor in 1946 and lost this office after an election victory of the bourgeois Hamburg block . He returned in 1957 after a clear election victory, but resigned in 1960 and went into federal politics for some time.

Eberhard Diepgen ( CDU ) was elected Governing Mayor of Berlin in 1984. In the 1989 election he suffered an election defeat, in which the CDU was barely able to get the most votes and the coalition partner FDP passed the five percent hurdle , so that Walter Momper took over the office of the SPD. After reunification, the CDU was again clearly the strongest party in the 1990 election and Diepgen held office again until the coalition broke up after the Berlin banking scandal and he was voted out of office by a vote of no confidence.

Bodo Ramelow ( Die Linke ) was Prime Minister of Thuringia from 2014 to February 2020 at the head of a red-red-green coalition, which could no longer achieve a majority in the 2019 election . In the election for Prime Minister Thomas Kemmerich was surprisingly elected by the FDP, which led to a government crisis. After Kemmerich's resignation, Ramelow returned to the office of Prime Minister in March 2020.

Administration in several countries

Prime ministers of several countries after 1945 were Hinrich Wilhelm Kopf (one after the other from August to October 1946 in Hanover and from November 1946 in Lower Saxony), Heinrich Drake (simultaneously in Lippe and Schaumburg-Lippe), Alfred Kubel (1946 in Braunschweig and 1970 to 1976 in Lower Saxony ). After the formation of the state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952, two former heads of government of the predecessor countries officiated as minister-presidents of the new state: first Reinhold Maier (previously Württemberg-Baden) and then Gebhard Müller (previously Württemberg-Hohenzollern). Bernhard Vogel, who ruled in Rhineland-Palatinate and Thuringia, is so far the only politician who has ruled in two states of the Federal Republic that are neither successor states nor neighboring states.

Particularly long terms in office

The record holder after term of office in a single country is the former Rhineland-Palatinate Prime Minister Peter Altmeier, who was Prime Minister from 1947 to 1969 for a total of 21 years, ten months and nine days. Besides him, only the Saarland Prime Minister Franz-Josef Röder held office in a country for more than 20 years. The 20-year mark was narrowly missed by the Mayor of Bremen, Wilhelm Kaisen, who left office in 1965 twelve days before his twentieth anniversary in office, which would have taken place on August 1, 1965. Contrary to what is often reported in the media, Johannes Rau has also not reached his twentieth anniversary as Prime Minister in North Rhine-Westphalia. He resigned on May 27, 1998, just under four months before his jubilee, which would have taken place on September 20, 1998.

The case of the CDU politician Bernhard Vogel, who was Prime Minister in two countries: from 1976 to 1988 in Rhineland-Palatinate and from 1992 to 2003 in Thuringia, is unique. He can look back on a total of 23 years, four months and five days in office as Prime Minister and was in office longer than his predecessor Peter Altmeier in Rhineland-Palatinate.

The current head of government (since March 14, 2018) is the Prime Minister of Hesse, who has been in office since August 2010, Volker Bouffier .

Particularly short terms of office

Thomas Kemmerich (FDP) was surprisingly elected prime minister on February 5, 2020 in the election against Bodo Ramelow (left) with 45 against 44 votes. His election led to the government crisis in Thuringia in 2020 . After only 3 days in office, he resigned from his office on February 8, 2020, but remained in office as managing director. On March 4, 2020, he was replaced by his predecessor Ramelow after just 28 days.

Heinrich Welsch was Prime Minister of Saarland from October 29, 1955 to January 10, 1956 (74 days).

Hans-Jochen Vogel (SPD) became Governing Mayor of Berlin on January 23, 1981, succeeding the resigned Dietrich Stobbe . After losing the House of Representatives election , he was voted out of office on June 11, 1981 after 4 months and 19 days in office.

Christoph Ahlhaus was elected First Mayor of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg on August 25, 2010 after the resignation of Ole von Beust . After losing the new election of the citizens , he was voted out of office on March 7, 2011 after 6 months and 13 days in office.

Christoph Bergner was elected Prime Minister of Saxony-Anhalt on December 2, 1993 after Werner Münch had resigned . After losing the state election in June 1994 , he was voted out of office on July 21, 1994 after 7 months and 19 days in office.

Gerd Gies (CDU) became the first Prime Minister of the re-established state of Saxony-Anhalt on October 28, 1990. Gies (and his entire government) resigned on July 4, 1991, after 9 months and 7 days in office.

Walter Bartram (CDU) became Prime Minister of Schleswig-Holstein on September 5, 1950. He resigned on June 25, 1951 after his party withdrew his trust. He was in office for 9 months and 20 days.

Prime Ministers

So far, six women have headed a German country; two are currently still in office:

  • Heide Simonis (SPD) led the state government of Schleswig-Holstein from May 19, 1993 to April 27, 2005. She was the first woman to head a state nationwide. The former finance minister took office after her predecessor Björn Engholm resigned and was confirmed in office in the 1996 and 2000 state elections. In 2005 she ran again and was also able to form a red-green coalition with tolerance of the SSW , but failed in the election as prime minister because a member of the parliamentary groups that supported her refused to vote. After four failed ballots, she withdrew.
  • Christine Lieberknecht (CDU) led the state government of the Free State of Thuringia from October 30, 2009 to December 5, 2014; she succeeded her party colleague Dieter Althaus, who resigned after the CDU lost a lot of votes in the 2009 state elections . After the state elections in 2014 , Bodo Ramelow (Die Linke) was elected as her successor.
  • Hannelore Kraft (SPD) was elected Prime Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia on July 14, 2010. She is the first woman who succeeded in replacing an incumbent Prime Minister on the basis of a vote by the voters. However, it did not initially have its own majority, but led a red-green minority government . From November 1, 2010 to October 31, 2011, she was the first female President of the Federal Council . From the state elections in 2012 to the state elections in 2017, she ruled with a majority government. Since her coalition lost its majority in the 2017 election, Armin Laschet was elected her successor on June 27, 2017.
  • Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer (CDU) was elected Prime Minister by the Saarland state parliament on August 10, 2011 . She was previously Minister of Social Affairs in the cabinet of Prime Minister Peter Müller, who resigned the day before. She led the Jamaica coalition until the beginning of 2012, but then resigned. After early elections , she led a grand coalition made up of CDU and SPD, which was confirmed in office after the 2017 state elections . After her election as CDU General Secretary, she resigned as Prime Minister at the end of February 2018.
  • Malu Dreyer (SPD) was elected Prime Minister by the Rhineland-Palatinate state parliament on January 16, 2013. She was previously Minister for Social Affairs, Labor, Health and Demography in the cabinet of her predecessor Kurt Beck. Dreyer was confirmed in office after the state elections in 2016.
  • Manuela Schwesig (SPD) was elected Prime Minister of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania on July 4, 2017 after Erwin Sellering's resignation due to health reasons. She was previously represented under Sellering as a minister in the state government from 2008 to 2013 and was Federal Minister for Family, Seniors, Women and Youth from 2013 to 2017 .

Top candidates

Including the aforementioned politicians, the following women have run as candidates from established parties in elections to the state parliament for the office of head of government (or have already been nominated as top candidates of their parties for upcoming elections):

Trivia

Bernhard Vogel and Hans-Jochen Vogel were the only brothers who were prime ministers.

Party affiliations

Number of prime ministers per party at the beginning of the year. The party (s) with the highest number is (are) highlighted.

year CDU CSU SPD LEFT GREEN DP FDP
1950 4th 1 6th 1
1951 5 1 5 1
1952 5 1 5 1
1953 3 1 5 1
1954 6th 1 3
1955 6th 4th
1956 5 4th 1
1957 4th 5 1
1958 4th 1 5 1
1959 5 1 4th 1
1960 5 1 5
1961 5 1 5
1962 5 1 5
1963 5 1 5
1964 5 1 5
1965 5 1 5
1966 5 1 5
1967 4th 1 6th
1968 4th 1 6th
1969 4th 1 6th
1970 4th 1 6th
1971 4th 1 6th
1972 4th 1 6th
1973 4th 1 6th
1974 4th 1 6th
1975 4th 1 6th
1976 4th 1 6th
1977 5 1 5
1978 5 1 5
1979 5 1 5
1980 5 1 5
1981 5 1 5
1982 6th 1 4th
1983 6th 1 4th
1984 6th 1 4th
1985 6th 1 4th
1986 5 1 5
1987 5 1 5
1988 6th 1 4th
1989 5 1 5
1990 4th 1 6th
1991 7th 1 8th
1992 6th 1 9
1993 6th 1 9
1994 6th 1 9
1995 5 1 10
1996 5 1 10
1997 5 1 10
1998 5 1 10
1999 4th 1 11
2000 6th 1 9
2001 6th 1 9
2002 6th 1 9
2003 7th 1 8th
2004 8th 1 7th
2005 8th 1 7th
2006 10 1 5
2007 10 1 5
2008 10 1 5
2009 10 1 5
2010 10 1 5
2011 9 1 6th
2012 7th 1 7th 1
2013 6th 1 8th 1
2014 5 1 9 1
2015 4th 1 9 1 1
2016 4th 1 9 1 1
2017 4th 1 9 1 1
2018 6th 1 7th 1 1
2019 6th 1 7th 1 1
2020 6th 1 7th 1 1
current 6th 1 7th 1 1

So far most of the Prime Ministers of the federal states belonged to the parties of the SPD or CDU / CSU, exceptions are:

  • The FDP / DVP politician Reinhold Maier was Prime Minister of Württemberg-Baden from 1949 to 1952 and subsequently Prime Minister of Baden-Württemberg from 1952 to 1953.
  • From 1955 to 1959 Heinrich Hellwege ( German Party ) was Prime Minister of Lower Saxony.
  • Winfried Kretschmann of Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen has been Prime Minister of Baden-Württemberg since May 12, 2011 .
  • From December 5, 2014 to February 5, 2020, and again since March 4, 2020, Bodo Ramelow of the Left Party was Prime Minister of the Free State of Thuringia. This means that all parties represented in the Bundestag during the 18th electoral term simultaneously provided at least one Prime Minister - a novelty in the history of the Federal Republic.
  • On February 5, 2020, Thomas Kemmerich was elected by the FDP as Prime Minister of the Free State of Thuringia . He replaced Bodo Ramelow from the party Die Linke. On February 8, 2020, Thomas Kemmerich resigned as Prime Minister of the Free State of Thuringia, but remained in office until March 4, 2020.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Lists of the Senate Chancellery / Press Office: First Mayor of Hamburg 1507–2008 i. V. m. Overview of the senates since 1945 and Schütt: Die Chronik Hamburgs , Chronik-Verlag 1991.