UK electoral referendum

Nationwide results of the referendum (red = rejection, green = approval)

On May 5, 2011, an electoral referendum was held in the United Kingdom ; H. in England , Wales , Scotland and Northern Ireland , on the question of whether the electoral law should be changed in the sense of a right of precedence ( alternative vote “AV” , instant runoff voting ). Leading advocates for the change in suffrage were the Liberal Democrats under Nick Clegg , whose campaign goal had been to introduce proportional representation instead of the previous simple majority suffrage . After the general election on May 6, 2010the Liberal Democrats formed a coalition government with the Conservatives . Since the conservatives were in favor of retaining the previous electoral law, the coalition partners agreed on a compromise to hold a referendum on the question of changing the electoral law. With a turnout of 42.2%, a majority of 67.9% of the voters rejected the option to change the electoral law. Only in a few boroughs of London , Edinburgh and Glasgow, as well as in the two university cities of Oxford and Cambridge , did the bill mostly meet with approval.

Elections to the Parliament of Scotland and the Welsh National Assembly also took place on the same day .

British suffrage

Effects of simple majority voting in the 2010 general election: inner circle = votes, outer circle = mandates won

Relative majority voting applies in the UK . The country is divided into constituencies with roughly the same population. In the last election England had 533, Scotland 59, Wales 40 and Northern Ireland 18 constituencies. Exactly one candidate for the House of Commons in Westminster is elected in each constituency. The principle "first-past-the-post" applies. H. the candidate with a simple majority in the constituency wins the seat in parliament and the other candidates are left empty-handed. In Great Britain, as in almost all democratic countries in the world, politics is not determined by individual candidates, but essentially by the political parties to which the candidates belong. Independent candidacies are possible, but in fact almost only representatives of political parties are elected to parliament. With the previous electoral law, large parties have an advantage, as they are more likely to achieve a relative majority in the constituency than small ones. In previous elections, this has always led to considerable shifts in votes, as was also shown in the last general election. Traditionally, the Conservatives and the Labor Party in particular have benefited from the previous suffrage, while the Liberal Democrats and smaller parties such as the B. the Green parties were disadvantaged.

Political positions of the parties

Principle of instant runoff - or alternative voting (dt. Right of precedence), which was put to the vote in the referendum. The voter numbers the candidates in the order of their preference.

The Conservative Party rejected electoral reform. This was justified above all with the fact that the previous electoral system had long proven itself in that it had produced stable majorities in parliament. Political splinter groups or interest groups would thus have no chance of influencing political events significantly and excessively. The previous electoral law was very transparent and easy to understand for voters. The possibilities of manipulation, for example through tactical voting, are thus limited to a minimum. The proposed change in electoral law would increase costs (an argument that has been disputed by supporters).

The Labor Party also benefited for a very long time from the previously applicable electoral law. During the 1980s and early 1990s, when Labor was on the opposition benches, there were votes among Labor calling for electoral reform. In its final report in 1993, the Plant Commission set up by Labor recommended the introduction of a supplementary vote system, which was not in use at the time, but is used today, for example, in the mayoral elections in England (e.g. the Mayor of London ) . The voter has two votes, one for his first-choice candidate and one for the second-choice candidate. If none of the candidates in the first election achieve an absolute majority, the votes between the candidates with the most "first votes" are counted again using the "second votes". The candidate with the most votes wins. This proposal was not implemented because Labor was still in opposition until 1997. The Labor Manifesto from the 1997 election year announced the holding of a referendum on electoral reform with a view to the eventual transition to proportional representation. After winning the general election in 1997 , the new Blair Labor government set up the Jenkins Commission . This commission, chaired by former Labor Minister Roy Jenkins , proposed the introduction of an alternative top-up voting system in September 1998 . This system was similar in some respects to the German two-vote suffrage with first vote for the constituency candidate and second vote for the party list. With the first vote, the voter would also have the opportunity to order the candidates according to preference (i.e. 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ...). Prime Minister Blair was open to the introduction of such suffrage, but senior Labor Cabinet leaders at the time such as Home Secretary Jack Straw , Deputy Prime Minister John Prescott , Chancellor Gordon Brown and Margaret Beckett strongly opposed it. Regarding the referendum promised during the election campaign, the Labor government remained inactive, although regional parliaments were set up in Scotland and Wales during the Labor government, which were elected according to a single transferable vote . In February 2010, then the Labor government of a referendum on the introduction of an announced by Gordon Brown holding Ranking suffrage ( instant runoff voting ) on. This initiative was justified with the voters 'loss of confidence in the political class in view of the scandals over publicly financed politicians' expenses in 2009. A draft law by the Liberal Democrats to hold the referendum before the upcoming parliamentary elections on an electoral law with transferable individual votes won 476 to 69 votes declined. On the part of the Conservatives and Liberal Democrats, the bill, which was introduced shortly before the election, was viewed as a tactical campaign maneuver by the Labor government. Labor's stance on the current referendum was divided. Former Labor Foreign Secretary Margaret Beckett chaired the No to AV (No to alternative voting ) campaign. Likewise, the former Labor Ministers John Prescott, David Blunkett , John Reid and Charles Falconer spoke out against the electoral reform, while the newly elected Labor Chairman Ed Miliband supported the reform intentions. Prominent Labor electoral reform supporters included Ken Livingstone , Tony Benn , Peter Mandelson , Neil Kinnock and more than 50 Labor MPs. Overall, however, the majority of Labor MPs spoke out against the reform of the electoral law.

The Liberal Democrats were in uninterrupted opposition until the 2010 election. The nationwide share of the vote of their candidates was up to over 20% in the elections of the past. In parliament, however, they were never represented with more than 10% of the seats due to the right to vote. One of the central demands of the party was therefore the reform of the electoral law from the beginning.

The following table shows the position of the major UK parties on the referendum:

Political stance on the referendum
Parties	Support (introduction of priority voting rights)	Not a clear stance	Rejection (retention of the previous right to vote)
Parties with MPs in the lower house	Liberal Democrats Scottish National Party Sinn Féin Plaid Cymru SDLP Green Party of England and Wales Alliance Party of Northern Ireland	Labor Party	Conservative Party Democratic Unionist Party
Parties with members of the European Parliament or regional assemblies	UKIP Scottish Green		British National Party Ulster Unionist Party Green Party in Northern Ireland
Smaller parties	Liberal Party Mebyon Kernow English Democrats Christian Party Christian Peoples Alliance Pirate Party UK United Kingdom Libertarian Party	Socialist Party of Great Britain	Traditional Unionist Voice Respect Communist Party of Britain Socialist Party of England and Wales Alliance for Workers' Liberty

Proposed change in electoral law

With the referendum, the introduction of an electoral system (" alternative vote ") was asked. In concrete terms, this would have meant that voters should have continued to vote for one candidate per constituency. But instead of casting just one vote, they could have numbered their candidate preferences on the ballot paper (i.e. 1 = candidate of the first choice, 2 = candidate of the second choice, etc.). If none of the candidates marked "1" had obtained an absolute majority, the candidates with the lowest number of votes would have been eliminated. The resulting gap on the ballot papers would be filled by moving all subsequent candidates up one position. This process is repeated until one of the candidates on No. 1 has received a majority of the votes and thus wins the constituency. This right to choose would then z. This means, for example, that in the absence of an absolute majority, the candidate who is in second place can also win if, for example, he is viewed as the second best choice by many voters who did not vote him.

British newspapers

The Guardian , The Independent , the Daily Mirror , and the Financial Times supported electoral reform. The Sun , Daily Mail , The Times , Daily Express and Daily Telegraph spoke out against it. The Economist backed the "no" but advocated future reforms to the electoral law.

The way to the referendum

After the general election in 2010 there was a so-called hung parliament . H. none of the elected parties had an absolute majority. Therefore, a coalition government made up of conservatives and liberal democrats was formed. Both coalition partners took different positions on the question of the right to vote. The Conservatives wanted the previous electoral law to be retained, while the reform of it was an essential point in the political program of the Liberal Democrats. Eventually it was agreed to hold a referendum on this question:

“The parties will bring forward a Referendum Bill on electoral reform, which includes provision for the introduction of the Alternative Vote in the event of a positive result in the referendum, as well as for the creation of fewer and more equal sized constituencies. Both parties will whip their Parliamentary Parties in both Houses to support a simple majority referendum on the Alternative Vote, without prejudice to the positions parties will take during such a referendum. "

“The parties will introduce a law to hold a referendum on electoral reform. In the event of approval of the referendum, this should include the introduction of a right of precedence and also the reduction of the number of constituencies and their more even delimitation. Both parties will get their parliamentary groups in both houses of parliament to support the simple majority referendum on the introduction of a right of precedence regardless of the political positions that the parties will represent in the referendum. "

- Conservatives-Liberal Democrats coalition agreement dated May 12, 2010

There were different ideas about the timing of the referendum. The Liberal Democrats would have preferred to hold it as soon as possible after the formation of the coalition government. The time for the unpopular referendum was delayed on the part of the conservatives. The agreement was reached on May 5, 2011, as elections to the Scottish Parliament , the Welsh National Assembly , the Northern Irish regional parliament and local elections in various municipalities in Great Britain were held on this day . Holding many elections in one day promised a higher turnout and lower cost of voting. The last point in particular weighed heavily in view of the financial crisis and the massive budget deficit in Great Britain.

The question initially suggested was:

“Do you want the United Kingdom to adopt the“ alternative vote ”system instead of the current“ first past the post ”system for electing Members of Parliament to the House of Commons?”

"Would you like the UK to have an alternative electoral system in place of the previous" first past the post "system for electing members of the House of Commons?"

- House of Commons Bill 63 of Session 2010-12

This choice of words was criticized by the Electoral Commission (Electoral Commission) because the question may not be worded intelligibly enough, especially for people with little education and reading difficulties. The wording was then changed in line with the proposals of the Electoral Commission. On September 7, 2010, the House of Commons passed the bill in first reading with a majority of 328 to 269 votes. An amendment to the law introduced by Lord Rooker, a member of the House of Lords, stipulated that the referendum should only be valid if the voter turnout was more than 40%:

"[...] If less than 40% of the electorate vote in the referendum, the result shall not be binding."

"[...] If the turnout is below 40%, the election result is not binding."

-

This amendment was very narrowly accepted by the House of Lords with 219 to 218 votes, but after some back and forth between the House of Lords and the House of Commons it was finally rejected in the House of Commons. After a few more debates, on February 17, 2011, the referendum law was finally passed. The question put to the voters was:

Ballot

“At present, the UK uses the“ first past the post ”system to elect MPs to the House of Commons. Should the "alternative vote" system be used instead? "

“Currently in the UK the first past the post system is used in the election of MPs. Should the "alternative vote" system be introduced instead? "

- House of Lords Bill 26 of Session 2010-12

In Wales , the question on the ballot paper was also phrased in Welsh :

“Ar hyn o bryd, mae'r YOU yn defnyddio'r system“ y cyntaf i'r felin ”i ethol ASau i Dŷ'r Cyffredin. A ddylid defnyddio'r system “pleidlais amgen” yn lle hynny? “

Results

The proposed reform of the electoral law was rejected by the voters with a clear majority. In all regions of England , Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland there was a clear majority in favor of those who opposed reform.

Nationwide results

Results of the referendum on May 5, 2011

answer	voices	%
Yes	6,152,607	32.10%
No	13.013.123	67.90%
Total (turnout: 42.20%)	19.165.730	100.00%

Results by region

region	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
East Midlands	42.77	963.196	370,872	72.20	27.80
East of England	43.15	1,298,004	530.140	71.00	29.00
London	35.37	1,123,480	734.427	60.47	39.53
North East England	38.73	546.138	212,951	71.95	28.05
North West England	39.10	1.416.201	613.249	69.78	30.22
Northern Ireland	55.79	372.706	289,088	56.32	43.68
Scotland	50.74	1,249,375	713.813	63.64	36.36
South East England	44.31	1,951,793	823.793	70.32	29.68
South West England	44.6	1,225,305	564,541	68.46	31.54
Wales	41.74	616.307	325,349	65.45	34.55
West Midlands	39.82	1,157,772	461,847	71.48	28.52
Yorkshire and the Humber	39.9	1,042,178	474,532	68.71	31.29

Results in England

Of England's 326 districts , 8 voted in favor of electoral reform. These included the university cities of Oxford and Cambridge as well as several London boroughs .

Part of the country	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
England	?	10,724,067	4,786,352	69.14	30.86

East Midlands

Results in the East Midlands:

50% -65% no

> 65% no

region	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
East Midlands	42.77	963.196	370,872	72.20	27.80

The East Midlands region is divided into 40 districts .

District	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
Amber Valley	43.86	29,745	12,432	70.52	29.48
Ashfield	38.87	25,693	9,149	73.74	26.26
Bassetlaw	41.72	26,441	8,757	75.12	24.88
Blaby	41.97	22,388	7,862	74.01	25.99
Bolsover	39.76	16,815	5,890	74.06	25.94
Boston	39.58	13,337	3,958	77.11	22.89
Broxtowe	48.36	27,840	12,703	68.67	31.33
Charnwood	42.52	28,902	16,114	70.71	29.29
Chesterfield	42.87	24,190	10,335	70.07	29.93
Corby	43.01	12,933	5,078	71.81	28.19
Daventry	45.95	20.305	6,699	75.19	24.81
Derby	39.50	47,622	20,502	69.90	30.10
Derbyshire Dales	52.22	20,893	8,795	70.38	29.62
East Lindsey	42.60	34,045	10,571	76.31	23.69
East Northamptonshire	43.85	21,596	6,935	75.69	24.31
Erewash	43.04	26,863	9,255	74.38	25.62
Gedling	44.90	27,745	11,089	71.45	28.55
High peak	44.40	21,569	10,443	67.38	32.62
Harborough	48.23	23,577	8,156	74.30	25.70
Hinckley and Bosworth	44.10	26,771	9,642	73.52	26.48
Kettering	42.90	22,174	7,500	74.73	25.27
Leicester	41.79	50,678	38.005	57.15	42.85
Lincoln	36.68	16,099	6,951	69.84	30.16
Mansfield	38.09	21,610	8,474	71.83	28.17
Melton	44.69	12,563	4,590	73.24	26.76
Newark and Sherwood	45.05	27,621	10,211	73.01	26.99
North East Derbyshire	42.82	24,576	8,624	74.02	25.98
Northampton	39.68	41,065	17,651	69.94	30.06
North Kesteven	42.95	27,397	7,926	77.56	22.44
North West Leicestershire	45.46	24,780	7,575	76.59	23.41
Nottingham	35.76	42,853	25,564	62.64	37.36
Oadby and Wigston	43.25	13,523	5,600	70.72	29.28
Rushcliffe	51.80	29,739	14,083	67.86	32.14
Rutland	49.27	10,048	3,809	72.51	27.49
South Derbyshire	43.57	23,323	7,463	75.76	24.24
South Holland	39.83	20,542	5,603	78.57	21.43
South Kesteven	42.63	32,217	11,247	74.12	25.88
South Northamptonshire	48.01	22,860	9,064	71.61	28.39
Wellingborough	45.70	18,044	6,349	73.97	26.03
West Lindsey	43.70	22,882	8.223	73.56	26.44

East of England

Results in East England:

Yes

50% -65% no

> 65% no

region	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
East of England	43.1	1,298,004	530.140	71.00	29.00

The East of England region is divided into 47 districts .

District	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
Babergh	43.46	20,332	9,696	67.71	32.29
Basildon	35.11	34.097	10,461	76.52	23.48
Bedford	47.04	36,421	16,184	69.23	30.77
Braintree	42.96	34,788	11,501	75.15	24.85
Breckland	42.33	29,920	9,793	75.34	24.66
Brentwood	46.29	19,381	6,177	75.83	24.17
Broadland	46.88	32,607	12,073	72.98	27.02
Broxbourne	36.33	19,386	4,988	79.54	20.46
Cambridge	48.43	17,871	21,253	45.68	54.32
Castle Point	41.38	21,012	5,348	79.71	20.29
Central Bedfordshire	42.02	58,496	21,774	72.87	27.13
Chelmsford	44.42	39,829	15,934	71.43	28.57
Colchester	42.11	34,293	17,809	65.82	34.18
Dacorum	44.96	33,295	14,438	69.75	30.25
East Cambridgeshire	43.93	18,365	8,262	68.97	31.03
East Hertfordshire	45.24	33,478	12,716	72.47	27.53
Epping Forest	38.39	28,240	8,533	76.80	23.20
Fenland	38.83	21,087	6.336	76.90	23.10
Forest Heath	37.71	10,757	3,327	76.38	23.62
Great Yarmouth	36.58	19.207	6.325	75.23	24.77
Harlow	37.36	16,226	5,823	73.59	26.41
Hertsmere	39.95	22.005	6,772	76.47	23.53
Huntingdonshire	44.45	38,725	15,145	71.89	28.11
Ipswich	39.24	25.195	10,859	69.88	30.12
King's Lynn and West Norfolk	42.58	35,996	11,652	75.55	24.45
Luton	39.45	34,980	16.002	68.61	31.39
Maldon	43.20	15,735	4,987	75.93	24.07
Mid Suffolk	47.95	25,828	10.177	71.73	28.27
North Hertfordshire	45.94	30,410	13,592	69.11	30.89
North Norfolk	50.09	28,555	11,799	70.76	29.24
Norwich	40.88	21,582	18,231	54.52	45.48
Peterborough	41.18	32,878	15,534	67.91	32.09
Rochford	40.89	20,931	5,542	79.07	20.93
South Cambridgeshire	49.29	34,594	18,351	65.34	34.66
Southend-on-Sea	38.33	34,365	13,488	71.81	28.19
South Norfolk	47.23	32,400	13,332	70.85	29.15
St Albans	51.90	33,443	18,934	63.85	36.15
St Edmundsbury	42.68	24,607	9,789	71.54	28.46
Stevenage	41.64	17,927	7,311	71.03	28.97
Suffolk Coastal	49.77	33,524	13,452	71.36	28.64
Tendring	43.89	33,363	13,627	71.00	29.00
Three Rivers	44.14	20,779	7,985	72.24	27.76
Thurrock	34.59	28,284	9,307	75.24	24.76
Uttlesford	49.19	21,595	7,624	73.91	26.09
Watford	41.69	16,814	9,259	64.49	35.51
Waveney	43.11	28,162	10,035	73.73	26.27
Welwyn Hatfield	42.74	23,482	8,876	72.57	27.43

London

Results in London:

Yes

50% -65% no

> 65% no

region	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
London	35.37	1,123,480	734.427	60.47	39.53

The Greater London region is divided into 33 districts .

District	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
Barking and Dagenham	27.77	22,338	9,436	70.30	29.70
Barnet	38.91	55,451	30,153	64.78	35.22
Bexley	37.48	48,630	14,929	76.51	23.49
Brent	29.68	30,941	25,551	54.77	45.23
Bromley	41.28	67,671	27,286	71.26	28.74
Camden	37.41	24,845	26,275	48.60	51.40
City of London	42.65	1,384	1,196	53.64	46.36
City of Westminster	31.53	24,805	15,279	61.88	38.12
Croydon	35.90	58,475	28,789	67.01	32.99
Ealing	36.21	42,565	32,445	56.75	43.25
Enfield	35.43	45,721	23,521	66.03	33.97
Greenwich	33.26	32,039	20,618	60.84	39.16
Hackney	34.23	20,064	30,969	39.32	60.68
Haringey	35.70	23,223	30,310	43.38	56.62
Harrow	37.94	40.993	20,990	66.14	33.86
Hammersmith and Fulham	37.85	24,380	16,889	59.08	40.92
Havering	35.92	49,691	14,592	77.30	22.70
Hillingdon	34.10	45,535	18,888	70.68	29.32
Hounslow	32.83	32,550	20,953	60.84	39.16
Islington	35.80	20,851	27,553	43.08	56.92
Kensington and Chelsea	34.40	20,332	9,696	67.71	32.29
Kingston upon Thames	42.81	27,945	18,230	60.52	39.48
Lambeth	33.16	28,758	34,712	45.31	54.69
Lewisham	33.20	28,929	28.184	50.65	49.35
Merton	39.83	33,573	18,375	64.63	35.37
Newham	27.16	27,169	21,085	56.30	43.70
Redbridge	32.92	42,717	20,524	67.55	32.45
Richmond upon Thames	47.15	35,768	24,796	59.06	40.94
Southwark	34.43	29,304	32,695	47.27	52.73
Sutton	38.90	35.003	16,930	67.40	32.60
Tower Hamlets	28.86	23,975	20,286	54.17	45.83
Waltham Forest	33.83	31,118	22,140	58.43	41.57
Wandsworth	37.07	46,737	30,152	60.79	39.21

North East England

Results in North East England:

50% -65% no

> 65% no

region	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
North East England	38.73	546.138	212,951	71.95	28.05

The North East England region is divided into 12 districts .

District	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
Darlington	41.47	23.096	9.134	71.66	28.34
Durham	34.95	100.203	40,435	71.25	28.75
Gateshead	41.28	44,366	16,214	73.24	26.76
Hartlepool	31.45	16,685	4,998	76.95	23.05
Middlesbrough	35.69	25,721	10,416	71.18	28.82
Newcastle upon Tyne	40.93	51,484	28,766	64.15	35.85
North Tyneside	41.82	48,078	16,296	74.69	25.31
Northumberland	40.78	72,500	27,252	72.68	27.32
Redcar and Cleveland	41.41	31,859	11,554	73.39	26.61
South Tyneside	39.13	31,991	12,533	71.85	28.15
Stockton-on-Tees	38.71	40,763	13,877	74.60	25.40
Sunderland	37.64	59,392	21,476	73.44	26.56

North West England

Results in North West England:

50% -65% no

> 65% no

region	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
North West England	39.10	1.416.201	613.249	69.78	30.22

The North West England region is divided into 39 districts .

District	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
Allerdale	45.25	24,533	8,354	74.60	25.40
Barrow-in-Furness	36.00	14,383	4,561	75.92	24.08
Blackburn with Darwen	43.26	29,787	11,393	72.33	27.67
Blackpool	36.88	30,343	10,544	74.21	25.79
Bolton	38.09	53,037	20,825	71.81	28.19
Burnley	38.84	18,822	7,037	72.79	27.21
Bury	40.28	41,878	15,625	72.83	27.17
Carlisle	39.72	22,611	10,202	68.91	31.09
Cheshire East	43.04	88,669	33.241	72.73	27.27
Cheshire West and Chester	43.11	78,450	30,322	72.12	27.88
Chorley	42.39	25,119	8,598	74.50	25.50
Copeland	41.07	16,907	5.628	75.03	24.97
Eden	45.07	13,302	5,342	71.35	28.65
Fylde	44.62	20,727	6,413	76.37	23.63
Halton	34.18	22,432	8,763	71.91	28.09
Hyndburn	40.35	17,891	6.167	74.37	25.63
Knowsley	33.05	24,859	11,343	68.67	31.33
Lancaster	39.09	28,555	13,504	67.89	32.11
Liverpool	35.92	71,739	41,035	63.61	36.39
Manchester	32.04	60,495	48,442	55.53	44.47
Oldham	38.60	42,623	17,076	71.40	28.60
Pendulum	43.69	21,565	7,077	75.29	24.71
Preston	38.44	25,218	11,413	68.84	31.16
Ribble Valley	44.93	15,138	4,982	75.24	24.76
Rochdale	36.30	40,146	16,390	71.01	28.99
Rossendale	38.17	14,480	5,361	72.98	27.02
Salford	33.15	37,373	16.601	69.24	30.76
Sefton	39.22	57,289	23,925	70.54	29.46
South Lakeland	50.28	27,781	13,412	67.44	32.56
South Ribble	40.16	25,582	8,845	74.31	25.69
St Helens	37.96	36,753	14,682	71.46	28.54
Stockport	41.64	59,937	29,930	66.70	33.30
Tameside	36.00	43,187	16,516	72.34	27.66
Trafford	42.73	48,602	22,687	68.18	31.82
Warrington	39.39	40,442	19.134	67.88	32.12
West Lancashire	39.83	24,804	9,288	72.76	27.24
Wigan	33.55	48,793	31,201	61.00	39.00
Weird	43.16	73.120	28,627	71.86	28.14
Wyre	44.26	28,829	8,763	76.69	23.31

South East England

Results in South East England:

Yes

50% -65% no

> 65% no

region	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
South East England	44.31	1,951,793	823.793	70.32	29.68

The South East England region is divided into 67 districts .

District	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
Adur	39.84	13,412	5,357	71.46	28.54
Arun	44.70	37,536	11,729	76.19	23.81
Ashford	45.02	28,132	10,349	73.11	26.89
Aylesbury Vale	45.74	41.096	17,777	69.80	30.20
Basingstoke and Deane	43.60	38,681	14,837	72.28	27.72
Bracknell Forest	41.20	24.001	9,677	71.27	28.73
Brighton and Hove	45.18	44.198	43,948	50.14	49.86
Canterbury	44.43	30,759	15,398	66.64	33.36
Cherwell	43.53	30,925	12,944	70.49	29.51
Chichester	46.44	30,549	10,856	73.78	26.22
Chiltern	51.67	27,331	8,933	75.37	24.63
Crawley	39.41	20,275	7,993	71.72	28.28
Dartford	41.43	21,397	7,256	74.68	25.32
Dover	45.23	27,386	9,897	73.45	26.55
Eastbourne	44.63	21,920	9,565	69.62	30.38
East Hampshire	48.30	31,550	11,259	73.70	26.30
Eastleigh	44.05	28,644	12,796	69.12	30.88
Elmbridge	43.92	30,930	11,200	73.42	26.58
Epsom and Ewell	46.11	177.741	7,240	71.02	28.98
Fareham	45.36	29,874	9,825	75.25	24.75
Gosport	37.71	17,546	5,321	76.73	23.27
Gravesham	43.59	22,023	8,266	72.71	27.29
Guildford	48.37	33,351	14,982	69.00	31.00
Hard	46.56	21,873	9,817	69.02	30.98
Hastings	36.78	15,277	7,349	67.52	32.48
Havant	38.91	27,614	8,241	77.02	22.98
Horsham	47.94	33,878	15,039	69.26	30.74
Isle of Wight	40.07	32,841	11,311	74.38	25.62
Lewes	49.18	23,738	12,531	65.45	34.55
Maidstone	42.39	35,133	12,214	74.19	25.81
Medway	39.76	54,540	18,817	74.35	25.65
Mid Sussex	47.88	33,704	15,659	68.28	31.72
Milton Keynes	41.23	46,646	21,773	68.18	31.82
Mole Valley	53.02	24,748	9,541	72.17	27.83
New Forest	44.78	47,732	16,135	74.74	25.26
Oxford	37.90	18,395	21,693	45.89	54.11
Portsmouth	35.96	34,490	16,577	67.54	34.46
Reading	41.20	27,571	17.605	61.03	38.97
Reigate and Banstead	43.25	30,827	11,891	72.16	27.84
Rother	48.24	25,167	8,718	74.27	25.73
Runnymede	39.88	16,901	6,297	72.86	27.14
Rushmoor	38.98	17,596	7,417	70.35	29.65
Sevenoaks	46.32	29,850	9,849	75.19	24.81
Shepway	42.03	24,342	8,920	73.18	26.82
Slough	37.61	19,397	11,956	61.87	38.13
South Bucks	42.86	16,503	5,001	76.74	23.26
South Oxfordshire	48.61	33,565	14,776	69.43	30.57
Southampton	38.06	39,257	23,062	62.99	37.01
Spelthorns	42.07	21,873	7,687	74.00	26.00
Surrey Heath	45.91	21,725	7.116	75.33	24.67
Swale	40.72	28,948	9,634	75.03	24.97
Tandridge	47.63	20,572	8,286	71.29	28.71
Test Valley	48.10	29,296	13,862	67.88	32.12
Thanet	42.17	28,613	10.168	73.78	26.22
Tonbridge and Malling	45.07	29,700	9,880	75.04	24.96
Tunbridge Wells	46.01	25,469	10,892	70.04	29.96
Vale of White Horse	49.16	30,507	14,737	67.43	32.57
Waverley	51.76	33,723	12,718	72.61	27.39
Wealden	47.97	40,667	14,275	74.02	25.98
West Berkshire	48.69	39,235	15,637	71.50	28.50
West Oxfordshire	48.25	26,739	10,766	71.29	28.71
Winchester	54.04	32,857	15.005	68.65	31.35
Windsor and Maidenhead	48.52	35,835	12,767	73.73	26.27
Woking	49.10	23,391	10,424	69.17	30.83
Wokingham	47.32	39,232	15,968	71.07	28.93
Worthing	39.82	21,653	9.476	69.56	30.44
Wycombe	46.23	38,872	16,965	69.62	30.38

South West England

Results in South West England:

50% -65% no

> 65% no

region	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
South West England	44.61	1,225,305	564,541	68.46	31.54

The South West England region is divided into 37 districts .

District	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
Bath and North East Somerset	48.94	40,471	25,042	61.78	38.22
Bournemouth	36.19	33,468	14,030	70.46	29.54
Bristol	41.68	69,878	56,433	55.32	44.68
Cheltenham	41.38	22,695	12,972	63.63	36.37
Christchurch	49.66	14,729	4,492	76.63	23.37
Cornwall	40.20	117,770	51.184	69.71	30.29
Cotswold	41.38	22,695	12,972	63.63	36.37
East Devon	50.07	36,605	14,778	71.24	28.76
East Dorset	49.33	26,688	8,020	76.89	23.11
Exeter	43.64	22.605	14,432	61.03	38.97
Forest of Dean	45.72	20,758	8,727	70.40	29.60
Gloucester	39.69	24,730	9,964	71.28	28.72
Isles of Scilly	47.96	542	288	65.30	34.70
Mendip	49.87	27,162	14,419	65.32	34.68
Mid Devon	47.59	19,349	8,737	68.89	31.11
North Dorset	49.29	18,371	7,342	71.45	28.55
North Devon	49.29	18,371	7,342	71.45	28.55
North Somerset	46.07	49.101	22,473	68.60	31.40
Plymouth	38.88	49,743	20,251	71.07	28.93
Poole	42.77	34,655	13,367	72.16	27.84
Purbeck	48.96	12,741	4,979	71.90	28.10
Sedgemoor	41.89	25,549	11,221	69.48	30.52
South Gloucestershire	46.17	64.993	27,179	71.51	29.49
South Hams	51.23	23,241	11,343	67.20	32.80
South Somerset	48.69	42,239	18,489	69.55	30.45
Stroud	48.99	28,376	15,154	65.19	34.81
Swindon	39.20	41,286	17,803	69.87	30.13
Taunton Deane	46.92	26,339	12,380	68.03	31.97
Teignbridge	47.83	33,016	14,994	68.77	31.23
Tewkesbury	45.75	21,291	8,052	72.56	27.44
Torbay	41.52	30,428	12,156	71.45	28.55
Torridge	45.81	16,363	7,030	69.95	30.05
West Dorset	53.28	28,391	13,688	67.47	32.53
West Devon	51.03	14,805	6,713	68.80	31.20
West Somerset	50.71	10,503	3,671	74.10	25.90
Wiltshire	43.30	14,961	7,048	67.98	32.02
Weymouth and Portland	43.30	14,961	7,048	67.98	32.02

West Midlands

Results in the West Midlands:

50% -65% no

> 65% no

region	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
West Midlands	39.82	1,157,772	461,847	71.48	28.52

The West Midlands region is divided into 30 districts .

District	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
Birmingham	36.58	170,749	94,835	64.29	35.708
Bromsgrove	44.73	24,118	8,432	74.10	25.90
Cannock Chase	33.06	19,151	5,621	77.31	22.69
Coventry	37.77	56,037	27,629	66.98	33.02
Dudley	38.38	70.064	21,681	76.37	23.63
East Staffordshire	43.83	27,155	9.129	74.84	25.16
Herefordshire	46.24	44,448	18,665	70.43	29.57
Lichfield	42.70	25,572	7,938	76.31	23.69
Malvern Hills	47.76	19,617	8,368	70.10	29.90
Newcastle-under-Lyme	36.18	25,644	9,473	73.02	26.98
North Warwickshire	43.82	16,509	4,918	77.05	22.95
Nuneaton and Bedworth	36.14	24,021	9,809	71.01	28.99
Redditch	37.80	17,547	6,385	73.32	26.68
rugby	45.02	23,574	8,733	72.97	27.03
Sandwell	35.13	54,355	21,738	71.43	28.57
Shropshire	42.15	68,732	27,221	71.63	28.37
Solihull	41.25	50,298	1,577	76.12	23.88
South Staffordshire	41.27	27,769	7,349	79.07	20.93
Stafford	46.23	32,937	11,711	73.77	26.23
Staffordshire Moorlands	41.81	24,504	7,749	75.97	24.03
Stoke-on-Trent	31.18	41,277	15,814	72.30	27.70
Stratford-on-Avon	50.06	34,766	11,982	74.37	25.63
Tamworth	36.97	16,449	4,829	77.31	22.69
Telford and Wrekin	43.05	36,213	14.097	71.98	28.02
Walsall	37.87	52,641	18,437	74.06	25.94
Warwick	50.31	32.210	16,371	66.30	33.70
Wolverhampton	38.29	46.507	18,352	71.70	28.30
Worcester	40.73	20,083	9,525	67.83	32.17
Wychavon	48.15	31,916	11,168	74.08	25.92
Wyre Forest	36.88	22,909	8,110	73.85	26.15

Yorkshire and the Humber

Results in Yorkshire and the Humber:

50% -65% no

> 65% no

region	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
Yorkshire and the Humber	39.9	1,042,178	474,532	68.71	31.29

The Yorkshire and the Humber Region is divided into 21 Districts .

District	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
Barnsley	35.81	46,335	15,868	74.49	25.51
Bradford	40.50	87,838	42,858	67.21	32.79
Calderdale	41.12	41,175	18,494	69.01	30.99
Craven	46.84	14,527	6.091	70.46	29.54
Doncaster	36.80	58,726	21,179	73.49	26.51
East Riding of Yorkshire	42.18	82,929	29,358	73.85	26.15
Hambleton	46.10	20,991	11,281	65.04	34.96
Harrogate	46.55	37,998	16,179	70.14	29.86
Kingston upon Hull	31.91	39,554	17,475	69.36	30.64
Kirklees	42.46	85.395	42,270	66.89	33.11
Leeds	39.06	136,632	71.506	65.64	34.36
North East Lincolnshire	34.23	29,484	9,549	75.54	24.46
North Lincolnshire	39.57	36,031	12,542	74.18	25.82
Richmondshire	46.94	12.002	4,088	74.59	25.41
Rotherham	38.88	51,996	21,613	70.64	29.36
Ryedale	45.58	13,987	5,042	73.50	26.50
Scarborough	39.86	23,440	10.148	69.79	30.21
Selby	44.15	20,907	7.094	74.67	25.33
Sheffield	41.64	98,563	61.141	61.72	38.28
Wakefield	35.50	62,531	25,766	70.81	29.19
York	44.28	41,137	24,980	62.22	37.78

Northern Ireland

Northern Ireland counted as a single constituency.

Results in Northern Ireland:

50% -65% no

Part of the country	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
Northern Ireland	55.79	372.706	289,088	56.32	43.68

Scotland

The 73 Scottish constituencies to the Scottish Parliament were used as census districts. Two of the 73 constituencies voted for the electoral reform.

Results in Scotland:

Yes

50% -65% no

> 65% no

Part of the country	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
Scotland	50.74	1,249,375	713.813	63.64	36.36

Scottish constituency	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
Aberdeen Central	45.35	13,838	10,385	57.13	42.87
Aberdeen Donside	47.71	17,265	9,048	65.61	34.39
Aberdeen South and North Kincardine	52.37	17,945	9,818	64.64	35.36
Aberdeenshire East	52.68	19,538	10,359	65.35	34.65
Aberdeenshire West	53.37	18,119	10.131	64.14	35.86
Airdrie and Shotts	46.35	15,767	7,845	66.78	33.22
Almond Valley	51.44	18,871	11,458	62.22	37.78
Angus North and Mearns	47.79	16,739	7,877	68.00	32.00
Angus South	50.01	18,834	8,404	69.15	30.85
Argyll and Bute	53.73	16,580	9,526	63.51	36.49
Ayr	54.32	22,821	10,202	69.11	30.89
Banffshire and Buchan Coast	46.55	17,451	7.153	70.93	29.07
Caithness, Sutherland and Ross	52.15	17,848	10,364	63.26	36.74
Carrick, Cumnock and Doon Valley	48.13	20,100	8,384	70.57	29.43
Clackmannanshire and Dunblane	55.57	17,077	9,993	63.08	36.92
Clydebank and Milngavie	53.72	17,409	10,730	61.87	38.13
Clydesdale	52.50	19,605	10,109	65.98	34.02
Coatbridge and Chryston	45.31	14,905	8,122	64.73	35.27
Cowdenbeath	47.03	16,831	8,360	66.81	33.19
Cumbernauld and Kilsyth	52.14	16,024	8,857	64.40	35.60
Cunninghame North	52.31	19,299	9,935	66.02	33.98
Cunninghame South	43.03	14,679	7.173	67.17	32.83
Dumbarton	53.49	18,624	9,685	65.79	34.21
Dumfriesshire	53.46	22,472	9,236	70.87	29.13
Dunfermline	52.59	18,869	10,069	65.20	34.80
Dundee City East	48.34	16,557	9,048	64.66	35.34
Dundee City West	46.19	15.097	8,930	62.83	37.17
East Kilbride	51.16	19,103	10,568	64.38	35.62
East Lothian	56.98	20,619	11,237	64.73	35.27
Eastwood	63.02	20,768	10,914	65.55	34.45
Edinburgh Central	55.76	13,717	14,486	48.64	51.36
Edinburgh Eastern	55.54	17,953	12.110	59.72	40.28
Edinburgh Northern and Leith	54.06	15,034	14,995	50.06	49.94
Edinburgh Pentlands	58.11	19,090	10,614	64.27	35.73
Edinburgh Southern	62.57	16,569	16,549	50.03	49.97
Edinburgh Western	59.90	20,689	12,421	62.49	37.51
Ettrick, Roxburgh and Berwickshire	53.61	19,796	8,755	69.34	30.66
Falkirk East	49.88	19,037	8,871	68.21	31.79
Falkirk West	50.71	18,615	9,397	66.45	33.55
Galloway and West Dumfries	52.96	20,724	9,051	69.60	30.40
Glasgow Anniesland	43.43	13,891	9,819	58.59	41.41
Glasgow Cathcart	44.95	14,803	11,184	56.96	43.04
Glasgow Kelvin	40.49	9,875	14,083	41.22	58.78
Glasgow Maryhill and Springburn	36.47	10,624	9,636	52.44	47.56
Glasgow Pollok	39.43	14,437	8,257	63.62	36.38
Glasgow Provan	34.95	11,365	7,616	59.88	40.12
Glasgow Shettleston	38.20	13,412	7,518	64.08	35.92
Glasgow Southside	43.29	11,114	10,972	50.32	49.68
Greenock and Inverclyde	49.57	18,403	9,521	65.90	34.10
Hamilton, Larkhall and Stonehouse	45.15	14,963	10.181	59.51	40.49
Inverness and Nairn	53.21	20,415	11,653	63.66	36.34
Kilmarnock and Irvine Valley	50.19	21,785	9,825	68.92	31.08
Kirkcaldy	46.26	18,620	8,754	68.02	31.98
Linlithgow	52.97	22,324	11,450	66.10	33.90
Mid Fife and Glenrothes	48.82	17,830	8,014	68.99	31.01
Midlothian North and Musselburgh	51.42	19.203	10,220	65.27	34.73
Midlothian South, Tweeddale and Lauderdale	55.68	19,070	12,440	60.52	39.48
Moray	51.14	18,212	9,991	64.57	35.43
Motherwell and Wishaw	45.51	16,028	8,154	66.28	33.72
Na h-Eileanan to Iar	59.76	8,735	4.117	67.97	32.03
North East Fife	51.08	17,441	11,670	59.91	40.09
Orkney	49.27	4,829	3,187	60.24	39.76
Paisley	49.83	16,505	8,788	65.26	34.74
Perthshire North	56.58	20.173	9,383	68.25	31.75
Perthshire South and Kinross-shire	54.12	20,071	10,835	64.94	35.06
Renfrewshire North and West	55.91	18,200	9,070	66.74	33.26
Renfrewshire South	53.48	17,808	8,880	66.73	33.27
Rutherglen	46.76	17,407	9,495	64.71	35.29
Shetland	53.70	5,079	4.121	55.21	44.79
Skye, Lochaber and Badenoch	56.57	18,937	12,490	60.26	39.74
Stirling	58.55	18,683	11,270	62.37	37.63
Strathkelvin and Bearsden	57.06	21,775	11,761	64.93	35.07
Uddingston and Bellshill	44.85	16,480	8,289	66.53	33.47

Wales

The 40 constituencies of the Welsh National Assembly were used as census wards. In all districts there was a majority in favor of those against the electoral reform.

Results in Wales:

50% -65% no

> 65% no

Part of the country	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
Wales	41.74	616.307	325,349	65.45	34.55

Assembly constituency	Voter turnout (%)	"Vote no	"Yes" votes	No (%)	Yes (%)
But of that	36.96	11,951	6,626	64.33	35.67
Aberconwy	45.43	13,888	6,248	68.97	31.03
Alyn and Deeside	37.20	15,811	6,893	69.64	30.36
Arfon	43.20	9,889	7,674	56.31	43.69
Blaenau Gwent	37.77	13,364	6,521	67.21	32.79
Brecon and Radnorshire	52.83	17,806	10,348	63.25	36.75
Bridgend	40.91	16,066	7,732	67.51	32.49
Caerphilly	41.10	16,519	8,768	65.33	34.67
Cardiff Central	37.67	12,656	10,641	54.32	45.68
Cardiff North	51.55	22,128	11,952	64.93	35.07
Cardiff South and Penarth	37.23	16,597	10,562	61.11	38.89
Cardiff West	43.49	16,074	11,278	58.77	41.23
Carmarthen East and Dinefwr	51.57	18,243	9,447	65.88	34.12
Carmarthen West and South Pembrokeshire	48.03	19.197	8,632	68.98	31.02
Ceredigion	51.71	17,253	11,500	60.00	40.00
Clwyd South	37.26	13,329	6,606	66.86	33.14
Clwyd West	43.40	17,371	7,524	69.78	30.22
Cynon Valley	35.76	11,661	6,820	63.10	36.90
Delyn	43.50	16,043	7.138	69.21	30.79
Dwyfor Meirionnydd	46.81	13,268	7,425	64.12	35.88
Gower	43.38	17,394	9,251	65.28	34.72
Islwyn	37.80	14,068	6,618	68.01	31.99
Llanelli	44.26	17,033	8,643	66.34	33.66
Merthyr Tydfil and Rhymney	35.11	12.208	6,876	63.97	36.03
Monmouth	46.60	20,855	9.225	69.33	30.67
Montgomeryshire	47.40	14,750	8,154	64.40	35.60
Neath	41.57	15,401	8,303	64.97	35.03
Newport East	35.67	13,112	6.277	67.63	32.37
Newport West	36.86	15,643	7,293	68.20	31.80
Ogmore	36.58	13,192	6,923	65.58	34.42
Pontypridd	38.87	14,691	8,417	63.58	36.42
Preseli Pembrokeshire	47.14	18,392	8,651	68.01	31.99
Rhondda	37.63	12,356	7,194	63.54	36.46
Swansea East	31.37	12,146	6,578	64.87	35.13
Swansea West	35.34	13,308	8,355	61.43	38.57
Torfaen	36.44	14,724	7,398	66.56	33.44
Vale of Clwyd	40.87	15,767	7,080	69.01	30.99
Vale of Glamorgan	46.91	22,862	10,287	68.97	31.03
Wrexham	36.09	12,603	5,957	67.90	32.10
Ynys Môn	48.72	16,448	7,534	68.58	31.42

Web links

Commons : UK electoral referendum  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• UK Electoral Commission statements on referendum
• Official website of the supporters of the electoral law change ( Memento of May 7, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
• NO2AV ( Memento of May 7, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Official website of the opponents of the change in electoral law

Individual evidence

1. ^ Archive of Labor Party Manifestos: new Labor because Britain deserves better. (No longer available online.) Labor Party, 1997, archived from the original on August 21, 2002 ; accessed on May 7, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
2. ↑ ^{a b} MPs back referendum on voting system. BBC News, February 9, 2010, accessed on May 7, 2011 (English). 
3. ^ Labor Ex-Ministers To Fight Voting Reform. (No longer available online.) Skynews, November 26, 2010, archived from the original on October 12, 2012 ; accessed on May 11, 2011 . 
4. ^ Why the alternative vote gets my vote. The Guardian, February 16, 2011, accessed May 7, 2011 . 
5. ↑ Labor Yes Endorsers: Labor Yes! to fairer votes. Retrieved May 7, 2011 . 
6. ↑ Labor figures back campaign to change voting system. BBC News, December 8, 2010, accessed on May 7, 2011 (English). 
7. ^ Labor MPs - are they Yes or No to AV? Yes - 92 No - 132. (No longer available online.) Labourlist.org, May 4, 2011, archived from the original on February 4, 2011 ; accessed on May 7, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
8. ↑ AV referendum: Where parties stood. BBC News, April 26, 2011, accessed May 7, 2011 . 
9. ↑ AV referendum question published. BBC News, July 22, 2010, accessed July 7, 2011 . 
10. ^ AV Explained. (No longer available online.) The Constitution Society, archived from the original on May 9, 2011 ; accessed on July 7, 2011 . 
11. ↑ Alternative vote: Loved by no one. The Guardian, accessed May 7, 2011 . 
12. ↑ A vote that makes a difference. The Independent, January 9, 2011, accessed May 7, 2011 . 
13. ↑ Alternative Vote: 'Yes vote is a' No 'to David Cameron. The Daily Mirror, accessed May 7, 2011 . 
14. ↑ UK should vote to reform its voting. (No longer available online.) The Financial Times, archived from the original on February 22, 2011 ; accessed on May 7, 2011 . 
15. ↑ AV to say NO. (No longer available online.) The Sun, April 13, 2011, archived from the original on October 10, 2007 ; accessed on May 7, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
16. ^ Constitutional reform in Britain - Yes or No? The Economist, accessed May 7, 2011 . 
17. ^ Full Text: Conservative-Lib Dem deal. BBC News, May 12, 2010, accessed May 7, 2011 . 
18. ^ Parliamentary Voting Systems and Constituencies Bill (PDF) as introduced (House of Commons Bill 63 of Session 2010-12).
19. ↑ Voting referendum question 'too hard', says watchdog. BBC News, September 30, 2010, accessed May 7, 2011 . 
20. ↑ ^{a b} House of Lords Bill 26 of Session 2010-12. (PDF) Retrieved May 7, 2011 (English). 
21. ↑ AV referendum bill clears first Commons hurdle. BBC News, September 7, 2010, accessed May 7, 2011 . 
22. ↑ ^{a b} Lords Divisions Analysis. parliament.uk, accessed March 5, 2019 . 
23. ↑ RMPs reject 40% threshold plan for the AV referendum. BBC News, February 15, 2011, accessed May 7, 2011 . 
24. ↑ Referendum on voting system goes ahead after Lords vote. BBC News, February 17, 2011, accessed May 7, 2011 . 
25. ↑ ^{a b} UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system - Final national results. The Electoral Commission, accessed March 5, 2019 . 
26. ↑ Voting System referendum results. (CSV; 52 kB) Accessed March 5, 2019 (English).