List of Heads of State 2020

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Africa

Egypt
- Head of State: President Abd al-Fattah as-Sisi (since 2014)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Mustafa Madbuli (since 2018)

Algeria
- Head of State: President Abdelmadjid Tebboune (since 2019)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Abdelaziz Djerad (since 2019)

Angola
- Head of State and Government: President João Lourenço (since 2017)

Equatorial Guinea
- Head of State: President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo (since 1979) (until 1982 Chairman of the Supreme Military Council)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Francisco Pascual Obama Asue (since 2016)

Ethiopia
- Head of State: President Sahle-Work Zewde (since 2018)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed Ali (since 2018)

Benin
- Head of State and Government: President Patrice Talon (since 2016)

Botswana
- Head of State and Government: President Mokgweetsi Masisi (since 2018)

Burkina Faso
- Head of State: President Roch Marc Kaboré (since 2015) (1994–1996 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Christophe Dabiré (since 2019)

Burundi

Head of State and Government:

President Pierre Nkurunziza (2005–8 June 2020)

President Pascal Nyabenda (June 9, 2020– June 18, 2020, acting )

President Évariste Ndayishimiye (since June 18, 2020)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Alain-Guillaume Bunyoni (since June 24, 2020)

Djibouti
- Head of State: President Ismail Omar Guelleh (since 1999)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed (since 2013)

Ivory Coast
- Head of State: President Alassane Ouattara (since 2010) (Prime Minister 1990–1993)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Amadou Gon Coulibaly (2017–8 July 2020)
  - vacant (since July 8, 2020)

Eritrea
- Head of State and Government: President Isayas Afewerki (since 1993)

Gabon
- Head of State: President Ali-Ben Bongo Ondimba (since 2009)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Julien Nkoghe Bekalé (2019–22 July 2020)
  - Prime Minister Rose Christiane Ossouka Raponda (since July 22, 2020)

Gambia
- Head of State or Government: President Adama Barrow (since 2017)

Ghana
- Head of State and Government: President Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo (since 2017)

Guinea
- Head of State: President Alpha Condé (since 2010)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Ibrahima Kassory Fofana (since 2018)

Guinea-Bissau
- Head of State:
  - President José Mário Vaz (2014–27 February 2020) (2019–27 February 2020 acting )
  - President Umaro Sissoco Embaló (since February 27, 2020) (2016–2018 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Aristides Gomes ( 2005–2007 ; 2018–2019 ; 2019–28 February 2020)
  - Prime Minister Nuno Gomes Nabiam (since February 28, 2020)

Cameroon
- Head of State: President Paul Biya (since 1982)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Joseph Dion Ngute (since 2019)

Cape Verde
- Head of State: President Jorge Carlos Fonseca (since 2011)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Ulisses Correia e Silva (since 2016)

Kenya
- Head of State or Government: President Uhuru Kenyatta (since 2013)

Comoros
- Head of State and Government: President Azali Assoumani ( 1999-2006 , since 2016)

Democratic Republic of Congo
- Head of State: President Félix Tshisekedi (since 2019)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Sylvestre Ilunga (since 2019)

Republic of the Congo
- Head of State and Government: President Denis Sassou-Nguesso ( 1979–1992 , since 1997)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Clément Mouamba (since 2016)

Lesotho
- Head of State: King Letsie III. ( 1990–1995 , since 1996)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Thomas Thabane ( 2012–2015 , 2017–19 May 2020)
  - Prime Minister Moeketsi Majoro (since May 20, 2020)

Liberia
- Head of State or Government: President George Weah (since 2018)

Libya
- Head of State: President of the Council of Representatives Aguila Saleh Issa (since 2014)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Abdullah Thenni (since 2014)

Madagascar

Head of State: President Andry Rajoelina ( 2009-2014 , since 2019)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Christian Ntasy (since 2018)

Malawi
- Head of State and Government:
  - President Peter Mutharika (2014–28 June 2020)
  - President Lazarus Chakwera (since June 28, 2020)

Mali
- Head of State:
  - President Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta (2013–19 August 2020)
  - Chairman of the National Committee for the Welfare of the People: Assimi Goita (since August 19, 2020)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Boubou Cissé (2019–19 August 2020)
  - vacant (since August 19, 2020)

Morocco
- Head of State: King Mohammed VI. (since 1999)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Saadeddine Othmani (since 2017)

Mauritania
- Head of State: President Mohamed Cheikh El Ghazouani (since 2019)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Ismaïl Ould Bedda Ould Cheikh Sidiya (2019–6 August 2020)
  - Prime Minister Mohamed Ould Bilal (since August 6, 2020)

Mauritius

Head of State: President Prithvirajsing Roopun (since 2019)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Pravind Jugnauth (since 2017)

Mozambique
- Head of State: President Filipe Nyusi (since 2015)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Carlos Agostinho do Rosário (since 2015)

Namibia
- Head of State: President Hage Geingob (since 2015) (1990–2002, 2012–2015 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Saara Kuugongelwa-Amadhila (since 2015)

Niger
- Head of State: President Mahamadou Issoufou (since 2011) (1993–1994 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Brigi Rafini (since 2011)

Nigeria
- Head of State and Government: President Muhammadu Buhari ( 1983–1985 , since 2015)

Rwanda

Head of State: President Paul Kagame (since 2000)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Édouard Ngirente (since 2017)

Zambia
- Head of State and Government: President Edgar Lungu (since 2015)

Sao Tome and Principe
- Head of State: President Evaristo Carvalho (since 2016)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Jorge Bom Jesus (since 2018)

Senegal
- Head of State: President Macky Sall (since 2012) (Prime Minister 2004–2007)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Mohamed Ben Abdallah Dionne (since 2014)

Seychelles
- Head of State and Government: President Danny Faure (since 2016)

Sierra Leone
- Head of State: President Julius Maada Bio (since 2018)
- Prime Minister ("Chief Minister") David Francis (since 2018)

Zimbabwe
- Head of State or Government: President Emmerson Mnangagwa (since 2017)

Somalia
- Head of State: President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed (since 2017)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Hassan Ali Khaire (2017–25 July 2020)
  - Prime Minister Mahdi Mohamed Guled (since July 25, 2020) ( acting )
- Somaliland (not internationally recognized)
  - Head of State and Government: President Said Abdullahi Deni (since 2019)

South Africa
- Head of State or Government: President Cyril Ramaphosa (since 2018)

Sudan
- Head of State: Chairman of the Sovereign Council Abdel Fattah Burhan (since 2019)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok (since 2019)

South Sudan
- Head of State and Government: President Salva Kiir Mayardit (since 2011)

Swaziland
- Head of State: King Mswati III. (since 1986)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Ambrose Dlamini (since 2018)

Tanzania
- Head of State: President John Magufuli (since 2015)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Kassim Majaliwa (since 2015)

Togo
- Head of State: President Faure Gnassingbé ( 2005 , since 2005)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Komi Sélom Klassou (since 2015)

Chad
- Head of State and Government: President Idriss Déby (since 1990)

Tunisia
- Head of State: President Kais Saied (since 2019)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Youssef Chahed (since 2016)

Uganda
- Head of State: President Yoweri Museveni (since 1986)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Ruhakana Rugunda (since 2014)

Western Sahara (controversial)

Head of State: President Brahim Ghali (since 2016) (in exile)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Mohamed Wali Akeik (since 2018)

Central African Republic
- Head of State: President Faustin Archange Touadéra (since 2016)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Firmin Ngrébada (since 2019)

America

North America

Canada
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952)
  - Governor General : Julie Payette (since 2017)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Justin Trudeau (since 2015)

Mexico
- Head of State and Government: President Andrés Manuel López Obrador (since 2018)

United States of America
- Head of State or Government: President Donald Trump (since 2017)

Central America

Antigua and Barbuda
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1981)
  - Governor General : Rodney Williams (since 2014)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Gaston Browne (since 2014)

Bahamas
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1973)
  - Governor General : Cornelius A. Smith (since 2019)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Hubert Minnis (since 2017)

Barbados
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1966)
  - Governor General : Sandra Mason (since 2018)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Mia Amor Mottley (since 2018)

Belize
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1981)
  - Governor General : Colville Young (since 1993)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Dean Barrow (since 2008)

Costa Rica
- Head of State and Government: President Carlos Alvarado Quesada (since 2018)

Dominica
- Head of State:
  - President Charles Savarin (since 2013)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Roosevelt Skerrit (since 2004)

Dominican Republic
- Head of State and Government:
  - President Danilo Medina (2012–16 August 2020)
  - President Luis Abinader (since August 16, 2020)

El Salvador
- Head of State and Government: President Nayib Bukele (since 2019)

Grenada
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1974)
  - Governor General : Cécile La Grenade (since 2013)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Keith Mitchell ( 1995–2008 , since 2013)

Guatemala
- Head of State and Government:
  - President Jimmy Morales (2016–14 January 2020)
  - President Alejandro Giammattei (since January 14, 2020)

Haiti
- Head of State: President Jovenel Moïse (since 2017)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Fritz-William Michel (2018–2 March 2020) ( acting )
  - Prime Minister Joseph Jouthe (since March 2, 2020) ( acting )

Honduras
- Head of State or Government: President Juan Orlando Hernández (since 2014)

Jamaica
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1962)
  - Governor General : Patrick Allen (since 2009)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Andrew Holness (since 2016)

Cuba
- Head of State: President Miguel Díaz-Canel (since 2018) (2018-2019 President of the Council of Ministers)
- Head of Government: President of the Council of Ministers Manuel Marrero Cruz (since 2019)

Nicaragua
- Head of State and Government: President Daniel Ortega ( 1985–1990 , since 2007) (1979–1985 member of the government junta for national reconstruction)

Panama
- Head of State and Government: President Laurentino Cortizo (since 2019)

St. Kitts and Nevis
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1983)
  - Governor General : Samuel Weymouth Tapley Seaton (since 2015)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Timothy Harris (since 2015)

St. Lucia
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1979)
  - Governor General : Neville Cenac (since 2018)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Allen Chastanet (since 2016)

St. Vincent and the Grenadines
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1979)
  - Governor General : Susan Dougan (since 2019)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Ralph Gonsalves (since 2001)

Trinidad and Tobago
- Head of State: President Paula Mae Weekes (since 2018)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Keith Rowley (since 2015)

South America

Argentina
- Head of State and Government: President Alberto Ángel Fernández (since 2019)

Bolivia
- Head of State and Government: President Jeanine Áñez (since 2019) ( acting )

Brazil
- Head of State and Government: President Jair Bolsonaro (since 2019)

Chile
- Head of State and Government: President Sebastián Piñera (since 2018)

Ecuador
- Head of State and Government: President Lenín Moreno (since 2017)

Guyana
- Head of State:
  - President David Arthur Granger (2015–2 August 2020)
  - President Mohamed Irfaan Ali (since August 2, 2020)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Moses Nagamootoo (2015–2 August 2020)
  - Prime Minister Mark Phillips (since August 2, 2020)

Colombia
- Head of State or Government: President Iván Duque (since 2018)

Paraguay
- Head of State and Government: President Mario Abdo Benítez (since 2018)

Peru
- Head of State: President Martín Vizcarra (since 2018)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Vicente Zeballos (2019–15 July 2020)
  - Prime Minister Pedro Cateriano ( 2015–2016 , July 15, 2020– August 6, 2020)
  - Prime Minister Walter Martos (since August 6, 2020)

Suriname
- Head of State and Government:
  - President Dési Bouterse ( 1980, 1982 , 2010–16 July 2020)
  - President Chan Santokhi (since July 16, 2020)
- Head of Government:
  - Vice President Ashwin Adhin (2015–16 July 2020)
  - Vice President Ronnie Brunswijk (since July 16, 2020)

Uruguay
- Head of State and Government:
  - President Tabaré Vázquez ( 2005–2010 , 2015–1 March 2020)
  - President Luis Alberto Lacalle Pou (since March 1, 2020)

Venezuela
- Head of State and Government:
  - President Nicolás Maduro (since 2013)
  - Senate President Juan Guaidó (declared himself acting President in 2019, recognized by some states)

Asia

East, South and Southeast Asia

Bangladesh
- Head of State: President Abdul Hamid (since 2013)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Hasina Wajed ( 1996–2001 , since 2009)

Bhutan
- Head of State: King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck (since 2006)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Lotay Tshering (since 2018)

Brunei
- Head of State and Government: Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah (since 1967)

Republic of China (Taiwan)
- Head of State: President Tsai Ing-wen (since 2016)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Su Tseng-chang ( 2007-2008 , since 2019)

People's Republic of China
- Head of State: President Xi Jinping (since 2013)
- Prime Minister: State Council Chairman Li Keqiang (since 2013)

India
- Head of State: President Ram Nath Kovind (since 2017)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Narendra Modi (since 2014)

Indonesia
- Head of State and Government: President Joko Widodo (since 2014)

Japan
- Head of State: Emperor Naruhito (since 2019)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Shinzō Abe ( 2006–2007 , since 2012)

Cambodia
- Head of State: King Norodom Sihamoni (since 2004)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Hun Sen (since 1985)

North Korea
- De facto ruler : Kim Jong-un (since 2012)
- Head of State: Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly Choe Ryong-hae (since 2019)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Kim Chae-ryong (2019-13 August 2020)
  - Prime Minister Kim Tok-hun (since August 13, 2020)

South Korea
- Head of State: President Moon Jae-in (since 2017)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Lee Nak-yeon (2017-14 January 2020)
  - Prime Minister Chung Sye-kyun (since January 14, 2020)

Laos

Head of State: President Boungnang Vorachith (since 2016)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Thongloun Sisoulith (since 2016)

Malaysia
- Head of State: Supreme Ruler Abdullah Shah (since 2019)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Mahathir bin Mohamad ( 1981–2003 , 2018–1 March 2020)
  - Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin (since March 1, 2020)

Maldives
- Head of State and Government: President Ibrahim Mohamed Solih (since 2018)

Myanmar
- Head of State: President Win Myint (since 2018)
- Head of Government: State Advisor Aung San Suu Kyi (since 2016)

Nepal
- Head of State: President Bidhya Devi Bhandari (since 2015)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Khadga Prasad Oli ( 2015–2016 , since 2018)

East Timor
- Head of State: President Francisco Guterres (since 2017)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Taur Matan Ruak (since 2018)

Pakistan
- Head of State: President Arif Alvi (since 2018)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Imran Khan (since 2018)

Philippines
- Head of State and Government: President Rodrigo Duterte (since 2016)

Singapore
- Head of State: President Halimah Yacob (since 2017)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong (since 2004)

Sri Lanka
- Head of State: President Gotabaya Rajapaksa (since 2019)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa ( 2004–2005, 2018 , since 2019) (2005–2015 President)

Thailand
- Head of State: King Maha Vajiralongkorn (since 2016)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha (since 2014)

Vietnam
- Head of State: President Nguyễn Phú Trọng (since 2018)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Nguyễn Xuân Phúc (since 2016)

Middle East

Armenia

Head of State: President Armen Zarkissjan (since 2018) (Prime Minister 1996–1997)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan (since 2018)

Azerbaijan
- Head of State: President Ilham Aliyev (since 2003)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Novruz Məmmədov (since 2018)

Bahrain
- Head of State: King Hamad bin Isa Al Chalifa (since 1999) (Emir until 2002)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa (since 1971)

Georgia
- Head of State: President Salome Zurabishvili (since 2018)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Giorgi Gacharia (since 2019)

Iraq
- Head of State: President Barham Salih (since 2018)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Adil Abd al-Mahdi (2018–7 May 2020)
  - Prime Minister Mustafa Al-Kadhimi (since May 7, 2020)

Iran
- Religious head: Supreme legal scholar Ali Chamene'i (since 1989) (Prime Minister 1981–1989)
- Head of Government: President Hassan Rohani (since 2013)

Israel
- Head of State: President Reuven Rivlin (since 2014)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu ( 1996–1999 , since 2009)

Yemen

Head of State: President Abed Rabbo Mansur Hadi (since 2012)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Maeen Abdul Malek (since 2018)

Jordan
- Head of State: King Abdullah II (since 1999)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Omar al-Razzaz (since 2018)

Qatar
- Head of State: Emir Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani (since 2013)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Abdullah ibn Nasser ibn Chalifa Al Thani (since 2013)

Kuwait
- Head of State: Emir Sabah al-Ahmad al-Jabir al-Sabah (since 2006) (2003-2006 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Sabah Al-Khaled Al-Hamad Al-Sabah (since 2019)

Lebanon
- Head of State: President : Michel Aoun (since 2016)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Saad Hariri ( 2009–2011 , 2016–21 January 2020)
  - Prime Minister Hassan Diab (since January 21, 2020)

Oman
- Head of State and Government:
  - Sultan Qaboos ibn Said (1970-10 January 2020)
  - Sultan Haitham bin Tariq bin Taymur (since January 11, 2020)

Palestinian Territories
- Head of State: President Mahmud Abbas (since 2005) (Prime Minister 2003)
- Head of government (de facto only governs in the West Bank) : Prime Minister Mohammed Shtajjeh (since 2019)

Saudi Arabia
- Head of State and Government: King Salman ibn Abd al-Aziz (since 2015)

Syria
- Head of State: President Bashar al-Assad (since 2000)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Emad Chamis (2016 - June 11, 2020)
  - Prime Minister Hussein Arnus (since June 11, 2020) (acting)

Turkey
- Head of State and Government: President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (since 2014) (2003-2014 Prime Minister)

United Arab Emirates
- Head of State: President Chalifa bin Zayid Al Nahyan (since 2004) (since 2004 Emir of Abu Dhabi)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Muhammad bin Raschid Al Maktum (since 2006) (since 2006 Emir of Dubai)

Central Asia

Afghanistan
- Head of State: President Ashraf Ghani (since 2014)
- Head of Government: Managing Director Abdullah Abdullah (since 2014)

Kazakhstan
- Head of State: President Qassym-Shomart Toqayev (since 2019)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Asqar Mamin (since 2019)

Kyrgyzstan
- Head of State: President Sooronbai Dscheenbekow (since 2017) (2016-2017 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Muchammedkaly Abylgaziyev (2018–16 June 2020)
  - Prime Minister Kubatbek Boronow (since June 16, 2020) (acting)

Mongolia
- Head of State: President Chaltmaagiin Battulga (since 2017)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Uchnaagiin Chürelsüch (since 2017)

Tajikistan

Head of State: President Emomalij Rahmon (since 1992)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Qochir Rasulsoda (since 2013)

Turkmenistan
- Head of State and Government: President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow (since 2006) (acting until 2007)

Uzbekistan

Head of State: President Shavkat Mirziyoyev (since 2016)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Abdulla Aripov (since 2016)

Australia and Oceania

Australia
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952)
  - Governor General : David Hurley (since 2019)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Scott Morrison (since 2018)

Cook Islands (independent state in free association with New Zealand)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1965)
  - Queen's Representative: Tom Marsters (since 2013)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Henry Puna (since 2010)

Fiji
- Head of State: President George Konrote (since 2015)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama (since 2007) (acting) (2000 Chairman of the Military Government)

Kiribati
- Head of State and Government: President Taneti Mamau (since 2016)

Marshall Islands
- Head of State and Government: President Hilda Heine (since 2016)

Micronesia
Head of State or Government: President David Panuelo (since 2019)

Nauru
- Head of State or Government: President Lionel Aingimea (since 2019)

New Zealand
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952)
  - Governor General : Patsy Reddy (since 2016)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern (since 2017)

Niue (independent state in free association with New Zealand)
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1974)
  - Queen's Representative: Governor General of New Zealand
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Toke Talagi (since 2008)

Palau
- Head of State and Government: President Tommy Remengesau ( 2001–2009 , since 2013)

Papua New Guinea
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1975)
  - Governor General : Bob Dadae (since 2017)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister James Marape (since 2019)

Solomon Islands
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1978)
  - Governor General : David Vunagi (since 2019)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Manasseh Sogavare ( 2000–2001, 2006–2007, 2014–2017 , since 2019)

Samoa

Head of State: O le Ao o le Malo Vaʻaletoa Sualauvi II. (Since 2017)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Sailele Tuilaʻepa Malielegaoi (since 1998)

Tonga
- Head of State: King Tupou VI. (since 2012) (Prime Minister 2000–2006)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Pohiva Tuʻiʻonetoa (since 2019)

Tuvalu
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1978)
  - Governor General : Iakoba Italeli (since 2010)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Kausea Natano (since 2019)

Vanuatu
- Head of State: President Tallis Obed Moses (since 2017)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Charlot Salwai (2016–20 April 2020)
  - Prime Minister Bob Loughman Weibur (since April 20, 2020)

Europe

Albania
- Head of State: President Ilir Meta (since 2017)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Edi Rama (since 2013)

Andorra
- Co-princes :
  - President of France Emmanuel Macron (since 2017)
    - Personal representative : Patrick Strozda (since 2017)
  - Bishop of Urgell Joan Enric Vives i Sicília (since 2003)
    - Personal representative: Josep Maria Mauri (since 2010)
- Head of Government: President Xavier Espot Zamora (since 2019)

Belgium
- Head of State: King Philippe (since 2013)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Sophie Wilmès (since 2019) ( acting )

Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Head of State:
  - President of the State Presidium Željko Komšić ( 2007–2008, 2009–2010, 2011–2012, 2013–2014 , 2019–20 March 2020)
  - President of the State Presidium Šefik Džaferović (since March 20, 2020)
- State Presidency:
  - Bosniaks: Šefik Džaferović (since 2018)
  - Croatians: Željko Komšić ( 2006–2014 , since 2018)
  - Serbs: Milorad Dodik (since 2018)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Zoran Tegeltija (since 2019)

Bulgaria
- Head of State: President Rumen Radew (since 2017)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Boyko Borissow ( 2009–2013, 2014–2017 , since 2017)

Denmark
- Head of State: Queen Margrethe II (since 1972)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen (since 2019)
- Faroe Islands (politically self-governing and autonomous part of the Kingdom of Denmark)
  - Representative of the Danish government: Reichsombudsfrau Lene Moyell Johansen (since 2017)
  - Head of Government: Prime Minister Bárður Nielsen (since 2019)

Germany
- Head of State: Federal President Frank-Walter Steinmeier (since 2017)
- Head of Government: Chancellor Angela Merkel (since 2005)

Estonia
- Head of State: President Kersti Kaljulaid (since 2016)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Jüri Ratas (since 2016)

Finland
- Head of State: President Sauli Niinistö (since 2012)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Sanna Marin (since 2019)

France
- Head of State: President Emmanuel Macron (since 2017)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Édouard Philippe (2017–3 July 2020)
  - Prime Minister Jean Castex (since July 3, 2020)

Greece
- Head of State:
  - President Prokopis Pavlopoulos (2015–13 March 2020)
  - President Katerina Sakellaropoulou (since March 13, 2020)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis (since 2019)

Ireland
- Head of State: President Michael D. Higgins (since 2011)
- Head of Government:
  - Taoiseach Leo Varadkar (2017–27 June 2020)
  - Taoiseach Micheál Martin (since June 27, 2020)

Iceland
- Head of State: President Guðni Th. Jóhannesson (since 2016)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Katrín Jakobsdóttir (since 2017)

Italy
- Head of State: President Sergio Mattarella (since 2015)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte (since 2018)

Channel Islands

guernsey

Head of State: Duchess Elisabeth II (since 1952)
Lieutenant Governor: Ian Corder (since 2016)

Head of Government: Chief Minister Jonathan Le Tocq (since 2014)

jersey

Head of State: Duchess Elisabeth II (since 1952)
Lieutenant Governor: Stephen Dalton (since 2017)

Head of Government: Prime Minister John Le Fondré (since 2018)

Kosovo (independent since 2008, internationally recognized by 114 of a total of 193 United Nations member states )
- Head of State: President Hashim Thaçi (since 2016)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Ramush Haradinaj (2017–3 February 2020)
  - Prime Minister Albin Kurti (February 3, 2020– June 3, 2020)
  - Prime Minister Avdullah Hoti (since June 3, 2020)

Croatia
- Head of State:
  - President Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović (2015–18 February 2020)
  - President Zoran Milanović (since February 18, 2020)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Andrej Plenković (since 2016)

Latvia
- Head of State: President Egils Levits (since 2019)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Arturs Krišjānis Kariņš (since 2019)

Liechtenstein
- Head of State: Prince Hans-Adam II. (Since 1989)
  - Regent: Hereditary Prince Alois (since 2004)
- Head of Government : Adrian Hasler (since 2013)

Lithuania
- Head of State: President Gitanas Nausėda (since 2019)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Saulius Skvernelis (since 2016)

Luxembourg
- Head of State: Grand Duke Henri (since 2000) (1998–2000 regent)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Xavier Bettel (since 2013)

Malta
- Head of State: President George Vella (since 2019)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Joseph Muscat (2013-13 January 2020)
  - Prime Minister Robert Abela (since January 13, 2020)

Isle of Man
- Head of State: Lord of Mann Elizabeth II (since 1952)
  - Lieutenant Governor : Richard Gozney (since 2016)

Moldova
- Head of State: President Igor Dodon (since 2016)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Ion Chicu (since 2019)

Monaco
- Head of State: Prince : Albert II (since 2005)
- Head of Government: Minister of State Serge Telle (since 2016)

Montenegro
- Head of State: President Milo Đukanović (since 2018)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Duško Marković (since 2016)

Netherlands (country in Europe)
- Head of State: King Willem-Alexander (since 2013)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Mark Rutte (since 2010)
- Curaçao (country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands )
  - Representative of the Dutch government: Governor Lucille George-Wout (since 2013)
  - Head of Government: Eugene Rhuggenaath

North Macedonia
- Head of State: President Stevo Pendarovski (since 2019)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Zoran Zaev (2017–3 January 2020)
  - Prime Minister Oliver Spasovski (since January 3, 2020)
  - Prime Minister Zoran Zaev (since August 30, 2020)

Norway
- Head of State: King Harald V (since 1991)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Erna Solberg (since 2013)

Austria
- Head of State: Federal President Alexander Van der Bellen (since 2017)
- Head of Government:
  - Federal Chancellor Brigitte Bierlein (2019–7 January 2020)
  - Federal Chancellor Sebastian Kurz ( 2017-2019 , since January 7, 2020)

Poland
- Head of State: President Andrzej Duda (since 2015)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki (since 2017)

Portugal
- Head of State: President Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa (since 2016)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister António Costa (since 2015)

Romania
- Head of State: President Klaus Johannis (since 2014)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Ludovic Orban (since 2019)

Russia
- Head of State: President Vladimir Putin ( 1999–2008 , since 2012) (1999–2000, 2008–2012 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev (2012–16 January 2020) (2008–2012 President)
  - Prime Minister Michail Mishustin (since January 16, 2020)

San Marino
- Heads of State: Capitani Reggenti :
  - Luca Boschi (2019–1 April 2020) and Mariella Mularoni (2019–1 April 2020)
  - Alessandro Mancini ( 2007 , since April 1, 2020) and Grazia Zafferani (since April 1, 2020)
- Head of Government: Foreign Minister Nicola Renzi (since 2016) (2015-2016 Capitano Reggente)

Sweden
- Head of State: King Carl XVI. Gustaf (since 1973)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Stefan Löfven (since 2014)

Switzerland
- Federal President Simonetta Sommaruga (since January 1, 2020)
- Federal Council :
  - Ueli Maurer (since 2009)
  - Simonetta Sommaruga (since 2010)
  - Alain Berset (since 2012)
  - Guy Parmelin (since 2016)
  - Ignazio Cassis (since 2017)
  - Viola Amherd (since 2019)
  - Karin Keller-Sutter (since 2019)

Serbia
- Head of State: President Aleksandar Vučić (since 2017)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Ana Brnabić (since 2017)

Slovakia
- Head of State: President Zuzana Čaputová (since 2019)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Peter Pellegrini (2018–21 March 2020)
  - Prime Minister Igor Matovič (since March 21, 2020)

Slovenia
- Head of State: President Borut Pahor (since 2012) (Prime Minister 2008–2012)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Marjan Šarec (2018–3 March 2020)
  - Prime Minister Janez Janša ( 2004–2008, 2012–2013, since March 3, 2020)

Spain
- Head of State: King Philip VI. (since 2014)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez (since 2018)

Czech Republic
- Head of State: President Miloš Zeman (since 2013) (Prime Minister 1998–2002)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Andrej Babiš (since 2017)

Ukraine
- Head of State: President Volodymyr Selenskyj (since 2019)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Oleksiy Honcharuk (2019–4 March 2020)
  - Prime Minister Denys Schmyhal (since March 4, 2020)

Hungary
- Head of State: President János Áder (since 2012)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Viktor Orbán ( 1998–2002 , since 2010)

Vatican city

Head of State: Pope Francis (since 2013)

Head of Government: President of the Governorate Giuseppe Bertello (since 2011)

United Kingdom
- Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II (since 1952) (crowned 1953)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Boris Johnson (since 2019)

Belarus
- Head of State: President Aljaksandr Lukashenka (since 1994)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Sjarhej Rumas (since 2018)

Republic of Cyprus
- Head of State and Government: President Nikos Anastasiadis (since 2013)
- Northern Cyprus (not internationally recognized)
  - Head of State: President Mustafa Akıncı (since 2015)
  - Head of Government: Prime Minister Ersin Tatar (since 2019)

Remarks

↑ ^a ^b The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are areas that are directly under the British Crown. They are not part of the UK.
↑ The Federal Council is the collective head of state in Switzerland. The Federal President has the role of primus inter pares

[kronbesitz-1] The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are areas that are directly under the British Crown. They are not part of the UK.

[2] The Federal Council is the collective head of state in Switzerland. The Federal President has the role of primus inter pares