List of fortresses in Germany
The list of fortresses in Germany contains until the beginning of World War I caused fortress constructions in Germany. The list is structured according to the existing federal states .
Fortresses in Germany
Surname | place | Beginning | The End | When / how ended | Art | Status |
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Baden-Württemberg |
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Alexanderschanze fortification | Alexanderschanze | before 1674, 1734 | abandoned | two jumps | The area north of the hotel was very well preserved, the other west of the hotel was partially pulled down | |
Württemberg state fortress Hohenasperg | Asperg | 1535 | 1693 | abandoned | Mountain fortress | receive |
Castle Hohenzollern | Bisingen | 1454–? 16. u. 17th century | 1798 | abandoned | Mountain fortress with castle | from 1850 historical rebuilt castle with fortifications and casemates open to the public |
German / French Border fortress fortress Breisach , see also Siege of Breisach | Breisach on the Rhine | Early 16th century, expanded in 1632, new expansion from 1648 | Besieged in 1633, 1638, 1703, 1793 | Grounded 1741–1745 | Fortress city | Baroque fortress gate Rheintor with museum, copper gate of the fortress, Gutgesellentor, Kapftor, Hagenbach tower preserved |
Fortifications on the Eckartsberg | Breisach on the Rhine | Early 16th century, extensive expansion from 1697 | 1741–1745 razed / blown up | Mountain fortress with casemates, deep wells, barracks, windmill, etc. Bakehouse | ||
Emmendingen stronghold (also Hachberg Castle) | Emmendingen | 1599-1661 | 1681 | Grinding | Mountain fortress | partly receive |
former French Freiburg Fortress , see also Siege of Freiburg (1677) | Freiburg in Breisgau | 1679– | 1713 u. Besieged / destroyed in 1744 | Dragged down by the French in 1745 | Fortress city | only the Breisacher gate remained |
Schlossberg Freiburg fortress , see also Freiburg Castle | Freiburg in Breisgau | 1677-1679 | 1744/45 | blown up by the French | french Fortress on the Freiburg Castle Hill | Piles of rubble u. Neck ditch |
Baroque hill | Gersbach (Schopfheim) | 17th century | 1700-1800 | abandoned | baroque hexagonal hill | restored, baroque ski jump with wooden watchtower |
Guttenberg Castle | Hassmersheim | 13./15. Century | Mountain fortress, rounded castle | inter alia kennel wall with notches for firearms u. Maschikulis or sinkholes | ||
Burgschanze (Heidelberg) | Heidelberg , on the whey cure | 1622 | 1693 | Grinding | Ski jump to protect Heidelberg Castle | |
Electoral Palatinate fortress Heidelberg Castle | Heidelberg | 12th century / rondelle: 1490–1500 a. from 1526 | 1698 | besieged / destroyed, burned down, etc. partly blown up | Mountain fortress, rounded castle | Ruin, castle complex, ruin of a gun tower (Krautturm) u. 1 stone block house , partly received u. accessible casemates |
Hellenstein Castle | Heidenheim an der Brenz | 1096 | circa 1670 | partly Grinding | Mountain fortress | largely received |
Württemberg state fortress Hohentwiel | Hohentwiel | 1538–? Roundels | 1800/01 | Grinding | Mountain fortress | ruin |
Feste Istein with Istein Castle | Is a | 1902–1907, 1936– | 1921, after 1945 | Grinding | Mountain fortress and bunker systems as part of the Siegfried Line | Leveled except for insignificant parts, St. Vitus Chapel at Istein Castle rebuilt |
Kehl Fortress | Throat | 1681 | 1751-1815 | Grinding | Polygonal fortress | leveled |
Württemberg state fortress Kirchheim | Kirchheim unter Teck | 1538–1556 fortress, 1538–1560 castle | 19th century | Fortified town with a castle integrated into the fortification | Remains of the city wall and the moat with a bastion u. the renaissance castle | |
Teck Castle | Kirchheim unter Teck | 12th century – 1525/1736 | 1737 | Modification canceled and partly New buildings demolished | only minimally begun conversion of a castle into a mountain fortress | Castle ruins |
Küssaburg | Küssaberg | 12th century / 1525–1529 | 1634 demolition, 1664 landslide | abandoned | Mountain fortress, castle with fortress structures | Ruin u. a. with gun turret |
Langenburg Castle | Langenburg | 13th century castle / 15th century Century. Fortification expansion | Conversion for residential purposes | Castle with gun turrets | completely preserved, partly museum | |
Wildenstein Castle | Leibertingen | 13th century / 1514–1554 | 18th century abandoned | dilapidated, later restored | fortress-like extended hilltop castle | early fortress style, completely preserved |
Friedrichsburg Fortress | Mannheim | 1606 | 1799-1821 | looped, overbuilt by city u. New castle building | Fortress town with citadel u. Bridgehead "Rheinschanze": Mannheimer Rheinschanze | |
Eichelsheim moated castle | Mannheim , OT Lindenhof | 16.-17. Bastions, 1639 a. 1736 rebuilding each time | 1622 fire damage, 1634 blown up by Sweden, 1663 a. Destroyed in 1688 | completely demolished in the 19th century | bastioned moated castle | no remains |
Sternschanze and Redoute at the "Böllener Eck" | Neuenweg | End of 17th century | baroque Sternschanze u. Redoubt | Sternschanze largely preserved, see baroque defenses in the Black Forest | ||
Württemberg state fortress Hohenneuffen | Neuffen | 1733-1737 | 1801 | Conveyance | Mountain fortress | ruin |
Röschenschanze | Oppenau, Roßbühl mountain near Oppenau | 1794 | after 1796 | abandoned | Sternschanze | well-preserved ramparts u. Trenches of a 6-way Sternschanze |
Philippsburg Fortress | Philippsburg (formerly Udenheim) | 1623 | 1799 | Grinding | Polygonal fortress | leveled |
Federal fortress of Rastatt | Rastatt | 1842-1852 | 1920 | Grinding | Polygonal fortress | Remains received |
Württemberg state fortress Schorndorf | Schorndorf | 1538– | 19th century | looped | Fortified town with a citadel-like castle | Remains of the wall of a bastion have been preserved |
Schorndorf Castle | Schorndorf | 1538– | 1837– | Softened, trench filled | Valley fortress, castle castle, rounded castle | Castle with restored moat has been preserved |
Honberg Castle | Tuttlingen | 1460 | 1645 | Grinding | Mountain fortress | ruin |
Hohentübingen Castle , see also Siege of Hohentübingen Castle | Tübingen | 1495-1550, 1593-1608 | after 1647 | abandoned / change of use | Mountain fortress with castle | almost completely preserved |
Federal fortress Ulm | Ulm | October 18, 1842 | 1918 | abandoned | Polygonal fortress | partly receive |
Wertheim Castle | Wertheim | 15th century extension with gun bulwark | rounded castle | |||
Württemberg state fortress Hohenurach | Urach, Bad Urach | 1663-1669 | 1761 | Grinding | Mountain fortress | ruin |
formerly Austrian fortress Villingen | Villingen-Schwenningen , Villingen district | 1499–? Rondelle, fortress expansion around 1700 | 19. u. 20th century. Large parts demolished, trenches leveled | Fortified city with double walls, moats, etc. Rondelles | The following are preserved: 1 bastion, the roundabout at the Bickentor and 3 city gates u. 4 towers of the city wall | |
Höhingen Castle | Vogtsburg im Kaiserstuhl , OT Achkarren | 13th century / 1620 modern expansion | Captured in 1633, burnt down in 1638 | Sold for demolition in 1671 | rounded castle | minimal ruins |
Schwedenschanze | Refuge (Black Forest) | probably 1593 | probably before 1674 | abandoned | Field fortification / jump | Well-preserved rectangular rampart with 4 corner bastions |
Hohengeroldseck castle ruins | Seelbach , OT. Schoenberg | around / from 1693? | looped or just planned bastioning? | bastioned hilltop castle | Castle ruins. As early as 1900 there were no remains of the bastions. | |
Baroque defenses in the Black Forest | different places | 17th century | until around 1800 | looped or abandoned | over 100 fortifications: Schanzen u. Landwehr | |
Bavaria |
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Surname | place | Beginning | The End | When / how ended | Art | Status |
Johannisburg Castle | Aschaffenburg | before 1552 / 1604-1614 | bastioned castle | of several planned bastions only one was built u. is preserved | ||
Augsburg fortress | augsburg | 1541-1545, 1605-1625, 1632-1635, 1645-1648, 1734-1735 | 1704, 1806–? | looped | Fortress city | Several parts have been preserved: Jakobertor , Vogeltor , Bastion Lueginsland (temporarily citadel), Oblatterwall , Fünfgratturm , Bastion am Jakoberwall, Jakobertor , Roter Torwall |
Lueginsland Citadel | augsburg | around 1704 | 1707 | abandoned | Bastion of the Augsburg Fortress, which was temporarily converted into a citadel | Parts received |
Scharfeneck Castle | Baiersdorf | before 1632 | Destroyed in 1632 | Demolished in 1892 | bastioned castle | only one monument reminds of the castle |
Burghausen Castle | Burghausen | 11th century / roundel around 1488 | 1891 | 1800–? Parts demolished | Mountain fortress | longest castle in Europe at 1051 m, largely preserved, museum |
Veste Coburg | Coburg | 1547 | 1820 | abandoned | Mountain fortress | received completely |
Donaustauf Castle | Donaustauf | 10th century castle / bastions 1610 | 1633 | conquered, blown up, abandoned, quarry | Hill castle with bastions | ruin |
Willibaldsburg | Eichstatt | 1429-1445, 1560-1590, 1612-1636, 1636-1685 | 1880 | Conversion | Mountain fortress with palace complex | received completely |
"Schwedenschanze" at Farchant, see Schanzanlagen at Farchant | Farchant , between Farchant u. Oberau | 1646-1648 | abandoned | Field fortification, Landwehr | approx. 500 m wall u. Trench systems tw. receive | |
"New Schanz" at Farchant, see Schanzanlagen at Farchant | Farchant , between Farchant u. Oberau | 1702-1703 | abandoned | Field fortification, Landwehr | formerly approx. 1600 m Wall u. Moat systems, moats, remains preserved | |
Forchheim fortress | Forchheim | 1552 | 1834 | looped | Fortress city | partially preserved |
Hohenberg Castle on the Eger | Hohenberg on the Eger | 1480, 1499-1504, 1621/22 | 17th century | abandoned, partly destroyed by fire in 1945 | Mountain fortress | largely preserved / rebuilt |
State fortress Ingolstadt | Ingolstadt | 1537-1573, 1654-1662, 1828-1849, and the like. a. | 1912, 1937 | given up | Fortified city with intermediate works and fort belt, tw. classical fortifications | Baroque complexes completely demolished, several later installations preserved, such as Fort Prince Karl , Fronte Preysing, Fronte Rechberg, Reduit Tilly des Brückenkopf, almost all Cavaliers preserved, including Cavalier Hepp |
Königshofen fortress | Königshofen, Bad Königshofen | 1544-1591 | 1826 | looped | Fortress city | small residues |
Rosenberg Fortress | Kronach | 1652-1699 | 1867 | abandoned | Mountain fortress | received completely |
Plassenburg | Kulmbach | 1554– ?, 1559–1592, to 1607 | 1806 | looped | Mountain fortress, rounded castle | partly preserved, lock with outer u. inner west roundabout |
Lichtenau Fortress | Lichtenau | 1558-1605 | after 1688 | Conversion | Renaissance valley fortress | received completely |
Lindau Fortress | Lindau (Lake Constance) | from 1500, several jumps from 1650 | Demolition in 1811/12 and 1853/56 | Fortified city with several entrenchments, island fortress | Minimal remains: Powder tower (Lindau) , Mangturm , Diebsturm , remains of the Maximiliansschanze today in the Oskar Groll facilities | |
Munich Fortress | Munich | 1619-1632, 1638-1640 | from around 1800 | almost completely looped | Fortress city | The Isartor , Karlstor , Sendlinger Tor and minimal remains of two city walls (Burgstrasse 2 to 12, in Rindermarkt 6 and on Jungfernturmstrasse) have been preserved. |
Neuveste | Munich | Castle 1385, gun turrets 1460–1500 | around 1620 a. after 1800 | gradually demolished | Citadel-like moated castle with two gun turrets and casemates | Parts of the casemates - today under the Munich Residence - have been preserved and can be visited |
Federal fortress Ulm , fortress parts in Neu-Ulm | New Ulm | 1844-1857 | 1906– | looped | Bridgehead of the federal fortress Ulm on the Bavarian side | a number of systems have been preserved in parts |
Nordlingen Fortress | Nordlingen | 16th century bastions | 1808-1826 | Bastions, porches, etc. Sternschanzen tw. looped | Fortress city with roundels u. upstream Sternschanzen | City wall, towers and 1 roundabout largely preserved, see the list of monuments in Nördlingen |
Nuremberg Fortress | Nuremberg | 1527-1550 u. 1556–1559 roundels; 1538-1545 | 1866 | abandoned | Fortress city | receive |
Nuremberg Castle | Nuremberg | 11th century / 1538–1545 | 1866 | abandoned | bastioned castle | Castle bastions with publicly accessible underground passages have been preserved |
Veste upper house | Passau | 1674-1740 | 1867 | Conversion | Mountain fortress | received completely |
Rothenburg ob der Tauber fortress | Rothenburg ob der Tauber | 1572–? Roundels | Fortress city | |||
Rothenberg Fortress | Schnaittach | 1729-1750 | 1838 | abandoned | Mountain fortress | partly expired |
Schweinfurt Fortress see also Brückentor (Schweinfurt) | Schweinfurt | after 1552–1554 new building, 1564 Mühltor (Schweinfurt) , around 1640 Swedish expansion | approx. 1832–1880 demolition, | Fortress city | u. a. Parts of the city walls with shell towers in the OT Zürch , city wall "Am Oberen Wall" with velvet tower, eastern wall section with rampart, moats, etc. 2 towers preserved, southern u. northern powder tower, remains of the former bastion wall with moats in Motherwell Park , small remains of a bastion wall with preserved moats in Gymnasiumstr. 7th | |
Unterschwaningen Castle | Unterschwaningen | until 1620 | ? | softened? | bastioned baroque castle | ? |
Hohenlandsberg Fortress | Weigenheim , on the Hohen Landsberg near Weigenheim | 12th century / extension of the fortress 1511 a. 1524 | 1554 | destroyed, apparently worn away | Mountain fortress, rounded castle with gun turrets and Casemates | Remnants of foundation walls, ramparts, casemates |
Wülzburg | Weissenburg | 1588-1610 | 1867 | abandoned | Mountain fortress | received completely |
Wörth Castle on the Danube | Wörth on the Danube | 15th century - 17th Century | Castle with gun turrets | received completely | ||
Wurzburg Fortress | Wurzburg | 1655-1671 | after 1866 | canceled, mostly dragged | Fortress city | Remains east of the Würzburg residence , around the Marienberg fortress and the like. northwest of the Mainviertel: u. a. Pleidenturm, remains of the city wall. The area of the city fortifications has been the ring park since 1880. See: List of architectural monuments in Würzburg |
Marienberg Fortress | Wurzburg | 1648-1658 | 1867 | abandoned | Mountain fortress | received completely |
Old fortress | Zirndorf | 1632 | 1632 | abandoned | Field fortification around a medieval castle, fortified field camp | partially preserved |
Berlin |
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Surname | place | Beginning | The End | When / how ended | Art | Status |
Berlin Castle ("Schloss zu Cölln") | Berlin-Mitte , Museum Island (Berlin) , formerly "Cöllnischer Werder" of the city of Cölln | 1443-1451 | from 1537 | Grinding before a new building of an unpaved residential palace | Citadel-like castle, Kurbrandenburg citadel against the cities of Cölln and Berlin | received no unearthly evidence |
Berlin Fortress | Berlin | 1640-1683 | 1740 – around 1900 | Grinding | Fortress city | almost completely demolished, see also Berlin city wall |
Spandau Fortress | Berlin-Spandau | around 1600–1650, 1800–1814, 1832–1866, 1873–1903 | 1903 | Abandonment / razing | Fortress city | small remnants, such as Batardeau in the stave wood garden, remnants of the Teltower Schanze, Reduit of the Burgwallschanze, several barracks buildings, garrison hospital, artillery wagon houses, etc. a. |
Spandau Citadel | Berlin-Spandau | 1557-1594 | 1903 | abandoned | Renaissance citadel | remarkably complete including boat harbor and Keep of the medieval castle |
Fort Hahneberg | Berlin-Staaken, on the Hahneberg in Berlin-Staaken | 1882-1888 | 1903 | Conveyance | Outside fort of the fortress Spandau | almost completely preserved u. to visit; last artillery fort built in the German Empire |
Brandenburg |
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Surname | place | Beginning | The End | When / how ended | Art | Status |
Eisenhardt Castle | Belzig, Bad Belzig | 10th century castle / from 1477 a. around 1680–1691 fortress | Conversion, restored in 1849 | Mountain fortress, castle with rondelles, late Gothic | largely preserved, museum | |
Fort Gorgast , see also western outer works of the fortress Küstrin | Gorgast | 1883–1889 (Fort Gorgast) | after 1945 | abandoned, parts blown up (Fort Gorgast) | Fort Gorgast | Fort Gorgast mostly preserved with a moat. There is an artesian well inside. Used as a museum. |
Kiekebusch railway bridge | Kiekebusch (Cottbus) | 1867 | Attachment abandoned | Fortified railway bridge | Fortifications well preserved, modernized bridge is in use | |
Western outer works of the fortress Küstrin: Lünetten B to D | Küstrin-Kietz | after 1945 | abandoned | Lunettes of the fortress town of Küstrin | Remains of the fortifications, artillery barracks threatened with decay (around 1900) | |
Castle and fortress Bärenkasten Oderberg | Oderberg, formerly Oderinsel "Festungswerder" in Oderberg | 14th century Middle Ages. Castle / around 1600–1635 a. from 1688 fortress | 1720 -? / 1750 | abandoned, quarry | Island fortress, type of fort with Renaissance fortress in the shape of a star, as well as outer forts and the like. Jumps | Castle ruins u. Remnants of a ski jump |
Citadel and fortress of Peitz | Peitz | 12th century / 1559–1562 Citadel, 1590–1595 fortress town, 1756– | 1767 | Grinding | Fortress city u. separate citadel | Fortress tower of the former citadel preserved, office building u. Remnants of the granary in the area of the demolished city fortress, otherwise only small remains |
Fort in Sanssouci Park | Potsdam , Sanssouci Palace Park | 1893 | Filled in in 2004 | Fortress model | filled up | |
Senftenberg Castle | Senftenberg | 17th century | 1764 | Conversion | Valley fortress, bastioned castle | well preserved, is considered the best preserved Renaissance fortress in Germany in earthworks (bastions and ramparts only from earthfills) |
Wittstock Fortress | Wittstock / Dosse | 17th century, 1812 | Fortress city | medieval City fortifications have been preserved around almost the entire city | ||
Bremen |
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Surname | place | Beginning | The End | When / how ended | Art | Status |
Bremen Fortress | Bremen | 13th century / 1512-1514, 1620-1664 | 1802– | looped | Fortress city | Today the Bremer Wallanlagen park on the site of the fortifications with largely preserved zigzag-shaped moats, remains of two shell towers of the city wall, four classicist guard houses from the 19th century on the Ansgaritor, Ostertor (two guard houses) and the like. on the bishop's needle |
Havenhaus Vegesack ski jump | Bremen, OT Vegesack | 1653– | Swedish ski jump at Vegesack harbor | the harbor house, which was rebuilt several times, is preserved | ||
Powder magazine Bremerhaven | Bremerhaven, Speckenbütteler Park in Bremerhaven | 1874-1875 | Peace powder magazine with surrounding moat u. Protective wall | Ditch u. 2/3 of the wall preserved, the magazine made of boards is almost entirely original | ||
Fort Wilhelm (Bremerhaven) | Bremerhaven, entrance to the old port in Bremerhaven | 1830-1834 | 1874 | looped | Harbor fort, semicircular battery | |
Dock battery (Bremerhaven) | Bremerhaven, at the lock to the New Harbor in Bremerhaven | 1849 | 1866– | softened, ground | Battery at the entrance to the New Harbor | |
Tower fort / Weser main battery (Bremerhaven) | Bremerhaven, north of the lock to the New Harbor in Bremerhaven | 1865 | 1872 | looped | ||
Geestendorfer Schanzen | Bremerhaven, Geestemünde in Bremerhaven | 1628, 1639 | 2 jumps at the mouth of the Geeste | |||
Carlsburg Fortress | Bremerhaven, Lehe (Bremerhaven) | around 1670–1675, around 1680 | Grounded in 1676 | Abandoned in 1700 | Fortress city, Swedish | leveled, overbuilt with French ski jump 1812, city of Bremerhaven u. Fort Wilhelm |
Leher Schanze | Bremerhaven, Lehe (Bremerhaven) | 1639, 1653 | First razed in 1648, abandoned in 1672 | Schanze with earth bastions in the last loop of the Geeste before the mouth | ||
Howitzer battery Weddewarden | Bremerhaven, Weddewarden in Bremerhaven | after 1900 | battery | |||
Fort Brinkamahof I. | Bremerhaven, Brinkamahof, OT from Weddewarden / Imsum | 19th century | Coastal fort | nothing more exists, harbor basin at this point | ||
Fort Brinkamahof II | Bremerhaven, Brinkamahof, OT from Weddewarden / Imsum | 1876-1879 | 2000: Remnants removed | Away in the mouth of the Weser | Preserved the fortress island at the edge of the container terminal | |
Hamburg |
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Surname | place | Beginning | The End | When / how ended | Art | Status |
Hamburg Fortress | Hamburg | 1616-1625 | 1805 | looped | Fortress city | Rudolphusbastion tw. receive |
Harburg Castle fortress | Hamburg-Harburg | 1644, 1656 | Polygonal fortress with castle and easy fortification of the city | Preserved: 1 wing of the castle; Outlines of the fortifications on the quayside of the castle island still partly. to recognize | ||
Hamburger Sternschanze | Hamburg-Sternschanze | 1682 | 1866 | removed around 1900 | fortification in front of the fortress city of Hamburg | see also Sternschanzenpark |
Hesse |
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Surname | place | Beginning | The End | When / how ended | Art | Status |
Ronneburg Castle | Altwiedermus | 12./15. Century | 16th century | Mountain fortress, castle with fortress structures | largely preserved, museum | |
Fort Biehler | Mainz-Kastel | 1880 | 1884 | 1919 | Last fort of the fortress Mainz | Partially preserved, cannot be viewed. |
Babenhausen moated castle | Babenhausen | around 1200 / 1460–1470 Batterietürme, Wall u. Casemates | Conversion for residential purposes and formerly as a prison | Moated castle with casemates u. Turrets | Castle with largely preserved fortifications | |
Sternschanze (Lahnau) | Biebertal | 1759 | abandoned | Sternschanze | Earth systems in very good condition | |
Herzberg Castle | Breitenbach am Herzberg | 13th century / 1480–1497 | 1786 | abandoned | rounded castle | restored castle ruins with roundabout u. battery |
Breuberg Castle | Breuberg | around 1150 / Rondell around 1480 | Höhenburg with roundabout u. Turrets | largely preserved | ||
Wolkersdorf Castle | Bottendorf (Burgwald) | 1479 | 1811-1813 | sold for demolition | rounded moated castle | |
Büdingen Fortress | Büdingen | 1476–1503 new extension | Fortified city with gun turrets | Large parts of the facilities have been preserved, such as the Jerusalem Gate , Meliorsturm, Red Tower, Green Tower, Great Bulwark and Hexenturm , Ludwigsturm, Powder Tower and the like. a. | ||
Falkenstein Castle | Falkenstein in the Taunus | around 1350 | after 1780 | Stones used to build houses | Mountain fortress, castle with gun turrets | ruin |
Dillenburg Castle | Dillenburg | around 1240 | 1760/1768 | burned down / dragged after being shot at | Mountain fortress, bastioned castle | Ruin with accessible casemates |
Frankfurt fortress | Frankfurt am Main | 1804–? Softening | Fortified city, polygonal fortress | only small remains have been preserved, casemates under Friedberger Bastion (Bleichstrasse) are open to the public | ||
Rödelheim Castle | Frankfurt-Rödelheim | 13th century / 1446 | 1802 | demolished to build a classicist castle | Valley fortress, rounded castle | There are no remains of the castle, the ruins of the castle removed in 1955, the foundation walls of the castle exposed in the park |
Reichsburg Friedberg | Friedberg | Gun turrets around 1500 | Castle with gun turrets and roundels | Remains preserved: Bergfried Adolfsturm with double gates, outer north gate of the castle, south gate of the castle with bridge and guard house, double ring wall, "Dicker Turm" gun tower (around 1500) | ||
Friedewald moated castle | Friedewald | 12th century / roundabout 1476 | Valley fortress, rounded moated castle | remarkable moated castle the tw. was converted into an early renaissance fortress, 3 fortress towers, ruin | ||
Schwedenwall on the High Hell | Gersfeld, north side of the Hohe Hölle mountain near Gersfeld (Rhön) | probably 1618-1648 | abandoned | Dreieckschanze | ||
Gustavsburg Fortress | Ginsheim-Gustavsburg | 1638 | looped | Polygonal fortress | nothing received | |
Greifenstein Castle | Greifenstein | 12th century / 15th Century | 1676 castle, 1693 baroque castle | abandoned | Mountain fortress, bastioned castle with gun turret and Baroque castle | Ruin, double tower (Bruderturm), double chapel, casemates, castle museum, bell museum in the gun tower |
Hanau Fortress | Hanau | around 1303 / from 1528 fortress | 1806 | looped | Fortified city, polygonal fortress | only a few remains |
Starkenburg (castle) | Heppenheim (Bergstrasse) | 12./15. Century | 18th century | given up | Mountain fortress | Ruin u. Youth hostel, building structure mainly from the late Gothic period and a baroque fortress bastion |
Kassel fortress | kassel | 1523 | Fortress city | |||
Landgraves' residence palace in Kassel | kassel | 1462–1466 / around 1500, 1556–1562, 1523 Fuldarondell | 1811/1816 | Fire damage / demolition, built over with Chattenburg | rounded moated castle | today the high-rise office of the regional council at this point, Fuldarondell has been preserved |
Koenigstein Castle | Königstein im Taunus | Mountain fortress | ruin | |||
Lich Fortress | Lich | 16th century - | Fortress city with roundels u. included moated castle Lich | |||
Marburg Castle | Marburg | 1522–1523 southwest roundabout | Mountain fortress, rounded castle with casemates | received completely | ||
Philippseck Castle | Munster (Butzbach) | fortified lock | nothing received | |||
Munzenberg Castle | Munzenberg | 11./15. Century | 16th century | given up | Mountain fortress | Castle ruins used as a museum, a fortress tower (gun turret) largely preserved |
Stein Castle (Hesse) | Nordheim (Biblis) | 16th century Roman fort, middle-aged. Folgeburg, fortification expansion | 17th century | destroyed | Valley fortress | preserved wall remains from Roman a. middle-aged. Time, earth bastions of the fortress tw. receive |
Ober-Ense Castle | Ober-Ense (Korbach) | 14th century | abandoned | Valley fortress, rounded moated castle | Remains of the 2 corner towers u. a wall | |
Schwedenschanze (Gersfeld) | Reesberg (Rhoen) | 17th century | Double wall Sternschanze | lies in a military training area | ||
Rüsselsheim Fortress | Rüsselsheim am Main | 1399 | 1689 | Blown up by French troops | rondeled fortress | partly looped |
Spangenberg Castle | Spangenberg | 13th century / fortress around 1580–1636 | 1763– | Conversion as a prison | Mountain fortress, rondelierte castle with bastions u. Casemates | complete with turret u. underground passages between the fortifications; Hotel, hunting museum |
Steinau Castle | Steinau an der Straße | 1525– | fortress-like castle castle | early Renaissance fortress style, completely preserved, museum | ||
Fortifications on the Rheininsel Petersaue | Wiesbaden, OT Mainz-Kastel / OT Mainz-Amöneburg | 1792– ?, 1841–1848, tower fort 1845 | demolished tower fort by 1921 | looped | several batteries, 1 tower fort, outer works of the Mainz fortress | |
Bridgehead of the federal fortress Mainz in Kastel | Wiesbaden, OT Mainz-Kastel | 1792 -? / From 1816 a. a. | until 1921 partly canceled | looped | Bridgehead of the federal fortress Mainz | preserved: Bastion of Schönborn (new building) u. Reduit (Mainz-Kastel) |
Fort Grand Duke of Hesse (also: Fort Montebello) | Wiesbaden, OT Mainz-Kastel | 1805-1813 | canceled until 1921 | looped | Fort, wing of the bridgehead of the federal fortress Mainz | nothing preserved, only the street "Im Fort Montebello" still reminds of it |
Ziegenhain water fortress | Goat grove | 1622 | 1808 | looped | Fortress city | received slightly |
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania |
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Surname | place | Beginning | The End | When / how ended | Art | Status |
Anklam fortress | Anklam | 16th century, after 1615, 1648 | 1806–? | looped | Fortified town with an Anklamer Landwehr in front | Stone gate , high stone , powder tower |
Schanze on the "Schanzenberg" Anklam | Anklam, Schanzenberg, OT from Anklam | 17th century | circa 1815 | Jump to protect the Peene entrance | ||
two ski jumps at Damgarten and Ribnitz on the Recknitz River : one of them with the Jaromarsturm, a former hilltop castle, upgraded to the Sternschanze; "Alte Schanze" near Ribnitz | Damgarten / Ribnitz | after 1618 / before 1630 | two jumps, one with a watch tower | Floor monument tower castle Jaromarsturm near Damgarten | ||
Demmin Fortress | Demmin | 1546/47, 1631, 1641–1659, 1675, around 1720, 1757 | 1759 | looped | Fortress city u. a. with a half-moon hill | In addition to the Luisentor u. the powder tower (Demmin) still remains of the city wall in the western part of the city. In the south u. To the north of the old town there are parts of the fortified ramparts. To the east of the city center is a dry city moat. |
Demmin Crescent Hill | Demmin , formerly located northeast of the city of Demmin | around 1757 | Schanze as the fortress of Demmin Fortress | |||
Dömitz Fortress | Doemitz | 14th century -? Castle, 1559–1565 | 1750/1894 | abandoned, conversion | Valley fortress | one of the best preserved Renaissance fortresses in Germany, see also the battle of Dömitz |
Fortress town of Dömitz | Doemitz | 16th century - 17th Century? | abandoned | Fortified city, bastioned city fortifications | ? | |
Railway bridge Dömitz | Doemitz | 1871-1873 | 1945, 1978, 1988 | bombed, demolished | fortified railway bridge | Some of the bridge still exists, the bridge houses have been completely preserved |
Jump around the Eldeschleuse at the mouth of the Elbe in the Elbe | Dömitz, near Dömitz | until 1822 | abandoned | Jump around Eldeschleuse | Earthworks preserved | |
Schwedenschanze or "Alte Schanze" on the ferry island | Ferry island off the island of Hiddensee | around 1715 | Triangle hill with three bastions and Moat | Well-preserved system in the bird sanctuary on the east side of the island, which is not open to the public | ||
Greifswald Fortress | Greifswald | 14./16. Century, 1626, 1678 | 1798– | looped | Fortress city | Parts of the former central city wall (main wall) have been preserved: moat ("Wallgraben"), earth walls (chestnut wall and linden wall), as well as the fan tower |
Fortress and Castle Poel | Kirchdorf (Poel) on Poel Island | 1614-1618 | 1648– | destroyed, decayed u. worn away | Sea fortress, Renaissance fortress with a Renaissance castle in it | small remains, especially ramparts u. Trenches |
Grünschwade ski jump across from Peenemünder Schanze | Kröslin , formerly east of Freest on the headland "Holm" near the island of Dänholm | 1630 Swedish building, after 1720 Prussian re-fortification, presumably. also 1848 a. 1870 | 1871? Schanze, settlement demolished in 1888 | looped | Field fortification / ski jump with military port | ? |
Löcknitz fortress and castle | Löcknitz | 12./16. Century | from approx. 1720 | multiple destruction u. abandoned | Valley fortress, renaissance moated castle | essentially only the keep u. some walls preserved |
Loitz Fortress | Loitz | 16.-17. Century | Fortified town with included Loitz Castle | Bastions, ramparts, ditches, etc. Walls are still in relics today, especially on the west and The north side of the city is preserved | ||
Fortifications in the village of Altefähr | Rügen : Altefähr on Rügen | before 1628 | 1808-1819 | looped | Polygonal fortification with four bastions, moat, etc. protruding redoubts | severely flattened traces of a ditch on the southern edge of the spa park have been preserved |
"Alte Schanze" (or "Fährschanze") Altefähr | Rügen : Altefähr, near Altefähr on Rügen | before 1628 | 19th century | looped | Schanze, outpost of the city fortress Stralsund on Rügen | square redoubt (40 m diameter) open to the cliff at the northern end of the spa park |
Sternschanze on the Bug peninsula | Rügen : Bug, Bug Peninsula on Rügen | before or after 1677 | at least until 1761 | Sternschanze with post office | small remains at the southern tip of the Bug | |
Schanze Glewitz (also: "Dänen-Schanze") | Rügen : Glewitz on Rügen | before 1661 | Field fortification / jump | Wall remnants 450 m west of the Glewitz ferry | ||
Glowitz ski jump | Rügen : Glowitz on Rügen | 1677 | polygonal earth hill | 400 m northeast of “Muglitzer Ort”, parts of the trench on the site of the former children's holiday camp “RAW Salbke” have been preserved. Eastern part leveled. | ||
Fort Grahlhof (with western and eastern wings) | Rügen : Grahlhof on Rügen | 1876 | 1898 | completely looped | Fort am Strelasund , outer fort of Stralsund fortress to protect the ferry connection | formerly 600 m northwest of the ferry, only the Wallmeisterhaus preserved. In 1898 the trenches were filled in and the fort demolished. |
Rügenhafen project | Rügen : Groß Banzelvitz, OT from Rappin am Jasmunder Bodden on Rügen | around 1850/1937/1950 | only planned or minimally started project | fortified naval port, u. a. with cont | ||
Naval port Gustavia (Ruegen) | Rügen : Groß Zicker on Rügen | 1806-1813 | only started Swedish project | fortified naval port | Remains of the port facility in the water southwest of the Zicker'schen Höft | |
Prosnitzer Schanze and Fort Napoleon (Prosnitz), (also: Neufährschanze or Gustower Schanze) | Rügen : Gustow, Prosnitz peninsula, Prosnitz, OT von Gustow on Rügen | Early 17th century / from 1812 | 1870 | abandoned | first Schanze, from 1812 fort, outpost of the Stralsund fortress at the entrance to the Strelasund | Moat, wall remains, small wall remains |
"Ortsschanze" at Drigger Ort | Rügen : Gustow, Drigge peninsula near Gustow on Rügen | before 1628, 1849 | around 1870 | abandoned | Hill / Redoute | rectangular redoubt with ramparts u. Moat |
former coast battery Drigge | Rügen : Gustow, east side of the Drigge peninsula near Gustow on Rügen | 1879 | Coastal battery | On the ridge east of the holiday home area, remains of a coastal battery for four 15 cm ring guns. Remnants of the brick-concrete masonry u. the ceiling of the lower rooms and the floor coverings of the gun platforms | ||
Schwedenschanze Juliusruh | Rügen : Juliusruh on Rügen | 17th century / around 1811 | Swedish field fortification / ski jump | Remains at the entrance to Juliusruh next to the parish hall, ramparts with remains of moats | ||
eastern wing to Fort Grahlhof | Rügen : Klein-Bandelvitz on Rügen | 1884 | 1894? | possibly only planned facility 500 m east of Fort Grahlhof | no remains visible | |
Ski jump at Klein Zicker | Rügen : Klein Zicker on Rügen | around 1700 | after 1815 | partially looped | Swedish hill on Rügen | circular wall preserved |
Schwedenschanze Neukamp | Rügen : Neukamp (Putbus) on Rügen | around 1678 | Swedish field fortification / ski jump | Remains to the south of the village near the Prussian column have been preserved, see also the Rügen invasion (1678) with a picture of the Neukamp ski jump | ||
Poppelvitz ski jump | Rügen : Poppelvitz on Rügen | before 1694 | Hill / Redoute | rectangular redoubt within the Poppelvitz holiday camp | ||
Ski jump on the "Schanzenberg" Prora | Rügen : Prora on Rügen | around 1800 | Field fortification / jump | |||
Sternschanze Ralow ("Schanzentief") | Rügen : Ralow on Rügen | before 1694 | Sternschanze u. Redoubt | minimal remains on the bank of the Kubitzer Bodden | ||
Schwedenschanze at Stolper Haken | Rügen : Schaprode, 4 km north of Schaprode on Rügen | approx. 1700-1720 | Jump | Remains present | ||
two jumps at Staphel ("Diepengrund" or "Schanzenberge") | Rügen : Staphel, municipality of Staphel on Rügen | around 1813 | Field fortification / jump | 500 m southeast of Staphel on a ridge (including the Reh-Berg) remains of two redoubts connected by two 30 m long walls, a hexagonal redoubt | ||
Jumps between Klein Zicker and Thiessow, see Thiessow | Rügen : Thiessow on Rügen | around 1700 | after 1815 | almost all completely looped | 7 Swedish jumps on Rügen | essentially only remnants of the two jumps at Klein Zicker u. received on the Lotsenberg |
Battery positions on the Zudar peninsula | Rügen : Zudar, Zudar peninsula on Rügen | Battery positions | Remnants of two positions have been preserved | |||
Peenemünder Schanze , see also: Storming the Peenemünder Schanze | Peenemünde | 1715– | 1759 a. 1871– | looped | a baroque jump and Later fort. The former Schanze von Grünschwade is located near this object | Ground monument |
Plau Castle | Plau am See | 13th century / fortress 1448–1463, 1538 a. 1540– | after 1660 | largely looped | Valley fortress, rounded moated castle | Bergfried u. Office building preserved, museum |
Rostock fortress | Rostock | 13th century / 1559–?, 1574–1587, 1608–? from 1628, 1635, 1717 | 1720–? u. from 1832 | looped | Fortified city with several entrenchments | Preserved: three of the massive brick country gates ( Steintor (Rostock) , Kuhtor (Rostock) , Kröpeliner Tor ), 1 beach gate from the classicistic period ( Mönchentor ), a wall tower ( lagebuschtower ), fisherman's bastion, large parts of the city wall (approx. 1300 m), as well as parts of the fortress wall |
Rostock Citadel | Rostock | 1566– | 1573/74 | completely looped | ducal citadel in the area of today's rose garden | |
Away on the ruden | Ruden (island) | 1715 | possibly only a planned rectangular bastion fort with crown work on the southern tip of the island | so far no remains have been found | ||
Schwerin fortress and citadel | Schwerin | 16th century, citadel around 1550 | largely looped | Fortress city u. Citadel of Schwerin Castle | Remains of the city wall in Burgstrasse have been preserved. On the castle island are the bastions of the former citadel in the northwest, southeast and West was essentially preserved | |
Spantekow Castle and Fortress | Spantekow | 12th century / 1558–1567 | 1677 | besieged, destroyed, partially razed u. blown up | Valley fortress, moated castle with fortress structures | ao castle, moat, gatehouse, casemates |
Veste Landskron | Spantekow , OT Janow | 1576-1579 | 17th century | abandoned | Valley fortress, still castle-like Renaissance moated castle with fortress structures | Remarkable / unusual facility (because of the late construction date for a facility of this type), ruin |
Stralsund fortress see also Siege of Stralsund (1678) | Stralsund | 1627–1628, 1630– | 1808- u. 1873– | 1873 repealed, dragged | Fortified city with 13 bastions, in the 19th century with outer forts | Some parts of the city wall have been preserved: Am Frankenwall, Knieperwall, Fährwall, Kniepertor , Kütertor (Stralsund) , Fährwall (Stralsund) , Schillstrasse 39 (Stralsund) , Lotsenhaus Stralsund , garrison hospital, Hospitaler-Küter- u. Katharinenbastion, Mühlenbastion u. partly the Tribseer-Tor-Bastion, Heilgeist- u. Kronlastadiebastion, Weingarten- u. Blue tower bastion and remains of the rifle bastion |
Pommersche Schanze / Pommersche Batterie, also known as Schwedenschanze (Stralsund) | Stralsund | around 1870 | from approx. 1880 | looped | Outside fort of the city fortress Stralsund | Ditch u. Wall remnants u. a. Preserved from gun emplacements, today located in Grosse Parower Str |
Dänholm Fortress | Stralsund, Dänholm Island in front of Stralsund | before 1628 | 1873 | Sternschanze razed, later systems softened | Sternschanze u. later island fortress, outpost of the city fortress Stralsund | receive systems from the 19th century. a. Barracks buildings, ramparts, etc. Casemates on the so-called "Little Dänholm" |
Wismar fortress | Wismar | 1680- u. a. | 1717-1718 | looped | Fortified city with offshore island fort Walfisch | u. a. Water gate (Wismar) , old water tower (Wismar) , vault (Wismar) , old armory Wismar , see also battle near Lübow |
Fort whale | Wismar, Walfisch (island) off Wismar | 1618-1632, 1644, 1682-1696 | 1717-1718 | dragged / blown up | Island fort of the fortress city of Wismar with gun turret | Remnants under the water of the Baltic Sea |
Wolgast Fortress | Wolgast | 17th century | looped | Fortress city | Remains of the city wall west of the old town and on the B 111 just before the harbor opposite the Runge house | |
Castle and citadel around Wolgast Castle | Wolgast, Castle Island (Wolgast) | 1496– ?, 1558–1563 castle, around 1547 extension of the fortress | 1637–? Decay, 1675 a. 1713 destruction | destroyed, dilapidated, completely demolished by 1820 | Citadel around the renaissance castle on the castle island | There are no remains above ground, the foundations of a stair tower were excavated in 2008 |
Lower Saxony |
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Surname | place | Beginning | The End | When / how ended | Art | Status |
Grauerort fortress | Abbenfleth on the Elbe | 1869-1879 | 1895 | given up | Fort with moat u. Casemates | largely preserved system, under restoration. |
Aurich fortress | Aurich | 1529- u. a. | Fortress city | |||
Aurich Castle ("Averborg") | Aurich | 1447, from 1568 | 1811 u. 1852 | Demolition u. unpaved new castle building | Valley fortress, bastioned castle | |
Bederkesa moated castle | Berderkesa, Bad Bederkesa | 12th century / extension of the fortress presumably around 1460/1536/1579 | 1662 | 1662 bastions a. Ramparts removed, partial demolition in 1749/1793 | Valley fortress, bastioned moated castle | restored u. partly The rebuilt castle was preserved |
Belumer Schanze | Belum, mouth of the Oste into the Lower Elbe near Belum | presumably around 1618 and 1712/1811/1847/1864 | after 1864 | looped | Schanze at the entrance to the Oste | hardly any remains; On the area of a later flak position, the commander's house and two crew houses were preserved |
Bleckede Castle | Bleckede | 13th century castle / 15th - 16th century Century. Fortifications / 1600 u. 1743 castle | Valley fortress, bastioned moated castle | Castle, remains of the round tower from around 1500 | ||
Borkum sea fortress | Borkum, Borkum Island | 1902– | 1945 – shortly afterwards | bombed / blown up | Bunkers, coastal batteries | Remains scattered on the island, u. a. from Batt. Coronell, flak stands, ammunition bunker, Hänisch battery (Oldmann Olde Düne), Batt. Richthofen (Ostland), Flakbatterie Duala (Sternklipp Düne) |
Braunschweig Fortress | Braunschweig | 1692–1741, from 1762 | 1780-1803 | looped | Fortified city with 17 bastions and a Landwehr as a protective wall in front of the city | almost nothing, see also Wallring (Braunschweig) u. Brunswick Landwehr |
Klein Stöckheim fortress , see picture under Schwedendamm | Braunschweig , OT Klein Stöckheim | 1627 | looped? | Siege fortress of the siege of Wolfenbüttel | Trench remains preserved | |
Bremervörde Castle | Bremervörde | 12th / 16th century Century | 1627/1647 a. 1657 destroyed during sieges | Grounded in 1682 | Valley fortress / bastioned moated castle on island in the Oste | Nothing received from the castle, digging u. Walls tw. Remains preserved, the chancellery building and a stable were preserved in the area of the bastioned outbuilding |
Buckeburg Castle | Buckeburg | 14th century / until 1527 extension of the fortress, 1748–1777 ramparts a. Trenches in the palace garden | 1732- u. 1777-1787 | softened | Valley fortress, bastioned castle | unsecured lock received |
Celle fortress | Celle | Fortress city | ||||
Celle Castle | Celle | 10th century / 1471–1478, new fortifications built 1520–1560 | 1785-1802 | softened | Valley fortress, rounded moated castle | Castle (on the castle island) without fortifications but with a surrounding moat ("castle moat") of the former fortifications around the castle park |
6 fortifications near Cuxhaven (excluding Fort Kugelbake and Fort Thomsen), "Fortress Cuxhaven" | Cuxhaven, in / around Cuxhaven | End of the 19th century | Forts u. Gun batteries | |||
Fort Kugelbake | Cuxhaven, mouth of the Elbe near Cuxhaven , OT Döse | 1869–1870, 1871–1873, 1876–1878, –1911, 1931 maintenance | 1947 | civil conversion | Naval artillery fort with moat, casemates, etc. Gun batteries at the mouth of the Elbe | largely original u. restored |
Fort Thomsen | Cuxhaven, between Duhnen and Stickenbüttel in the city of Cuxhaven | 1905-1908 | 1919– | abandoned, blown up | Two gun batteries gone | hardly any remains, area today: bird sanctuary, camping site, building yard |
Ritzebüttel Castle | Cuxhaven , OT Ritzebüttel | 1340 Castle, 15th century. Fortification expansion | bastioned moated castle / defense tower | the fortified tower, which has largely been preserved in its original form, was expanded into a castle with additions; small remains of the former fortifications exist in the park | ||
Erichsburg Castle | Dassel , OT Erichsburg | 1527-1530, 1604-1612 | 1688 partial demolition | Valley fortress, bastioned moated castle | Castle structures with parts of the moats on three sides and remains of the ramparts have been preserved | |
Delmenhorst Fortress , see also Delmenhorst Castle | Delmenhorst | 15.-16. Century | 17th century decay | canceled | bastioned moated castle | Remains of the foundation wall on the castle island have been preserved |
Stickhausen Castle | Detern, Stickhausen, OT von Detern | 1435, 1498, 1558, 1622-1624 | 1744– | looped | Valley fortress, bastionized castle with ravelin | Round tower from 1498 with museum, remains of the ramparts |
Dieler Schanze | Hallway (Weener) | 14th century, 1633, 1647 | 1672 | looped | Complex of jumps with an extension of 2 km | Remains present, u. a. Moat, former main hill with double wall-ditch system still recognizable |
Emden fortress | Emden | 1514-1517, 1606-1616 | Abandoned 1815–1866 | ground from around 1850 | Fortress city | 8 of the former 11 pentagonal bastions remained, furthermore the Emden city moat (fortress moat) and the like. the port gate |
Esens moated castle | Esens | 1427–1430 castle, 1547 fortification expansion | 1764–1764 castle, 1791–? Wall et al. Trenches, 1830-1839 | Demolition for sale, digging u. Wall systems leveled | Valley fortress, bastioned moated castle | |
Friedeburg Castle | Friedeburg | around 1440 extension of the fortress | 1763 | looped | Valley fortress, bastioned moated castle | Remains of the ramparts |
Gifhorn Fortress and Castle | Gifhorn | 1525-1581 | 1770-1780 | Fortifications removed | Valley fortress with a Renaissance castle in it, type of bastion castle | Castle, former gatehouse and a 45 m long casemate-like underground passage preserved; museum |
Göttingen fortress | Goettingen | 1447 u. a. | razed after 1762/63, ditches filled in in 1792 | Fortress city | The last remaining tower of the city fortifications: Bismarck house from 1447 | |
Hannover Fortress (with Calenberger Neustadt ) | Hanover | 15th century, fortress from 1632 Hanover a. 1646 Calenberger Vorstadt, 1758– | 1763–? u. 1780 | Grinding | Fortified town with Sternschanze, upstream jumps and the like Ravelins | Beginenturm (Hanover) , Borgentrick tower |
Sternschanze on the Lindener Berg | Hanover, Lindener Berg near Hanover | 1721 | Sternschanze around the medieval watch tower | The watch tower from 1392 (at times used as a windmill) has been preserved | ||
Franzosenschanze (Münden) | Hannoversch Münden, Questenberg north of Hannoversch Münden | 1756-1763 | Jump | Located in the forest, well-preserved ramparts | ||
Tillyschanze (Münden) | Hannoversch Münden, Rabanenkopf near Hannoversch Münden | 1760-1761 | Jump | small remains at the Tillyschanze restaurant | ||
Hameln Fortress | Hamelin | 1664-1684, 1760-1763, 1774-1784, 1806 | 1808, 1843 | looped | Fortified city with bastions, four outer forts on the u. on the Klüt mountain | |
Klüt Fortress | Hamelin , Berg Klüt | 17th century -? | 1808, 1843 | looped | four outer forts of the fortress city of Hameln am u. on the Klüt mountain | after the forts were demolished, a. the Klütturm observation tower was built from its stones |
Hildesheim Fortress | Hildesheim | 16th century, u. a. 1511 | Fortress city | New Gate (Hildesheim) with bastion, Kehrwiederturm (Hildesheim) | ||
Hornburg Castle | Hornburg | 11th century / after 1430 | 1626, 1630, 1645 | Destruction, abandoned, quarry | Mountain fortress, rounded castle | Ruin, partially restored, private. |
Jever Fortress and Castle | Jever | 1428 | softened | Valley fortress, late Gothic | Castle complex preserved | |
Schwedenschanze (Klein Hutbergen) | Klein Hutbergen | 1654 | 1658/59 a. a. | abandoned | pentagonal hill | Trench remains preserved |
Castle location | Location (spelled) | 12th century, 1439–1447 castle / 1592 new fortress built | 1523 and Besieged in 1626 | Blown up by the Dutch in 1626 | Valley fortress, gothic, rounded moated castle which has now been expanded into a pentagonal renaissance fortress with two moats | Castle ruins |
Langwedel Castle | Langwedel (Weser) | 13th century / from around 1648 extension of the fortress | around 1866? | demolition | bastioned castle | Remains of the wall at the castle bath visible |
Leerort fortress | Leerort near Leer (East Frisia) | 1435, 1453, 1501, 1528–1531, around 1558, | The castle was demolished in 1612, the fortress was abandoned in 1744 | Grounded 1754–1760 | Valley fortress, bastioned castle with palace complex | Above all, walls have been preserved, fortress museum in a former school |
Spanish fortress Lingen | Lingen | before 1597 | 1630 | looped | Fortress town with included rondelierte Wasserburg Lingen | only the Lingen powder tower in the former castle area remained |
Liebenburg fortress | Liebenburg | Expansion presumably 1521 – before 1641 | severe destruction in the Thirty Years War | 1750–1754 extensive demolition for the construction of the Liebenburg hunting lodge on the castle grounds | rounded castle | Preserved: Remains of the curtain wall, a round bastion, an underground passage, the guard tower "Hausmannsturm" (1290–1302) standing outside the castle area as a forward control point of the castle |
Lueneburg Fortress | Luneburg | 15th century | around 1900 | demolition | Fortress city | |
Meppen fortress | Meppen | Beginning after granting city rights in 1360, expansion until 1660, construction of Paulsburg in 1374 | 1762 | Demolition towards the end of the 7 Years War (1762) | Fortress city Meppen with inside Paulsburg | In the 1960s, the former gatehouse of Paulsburg was demolished. The counter wall has been preserved to this day. |
Neuchâtel Castle (Zetel) | Neuchâtel (Friesland) | 1462 | softened | bastioned moated castle | Castle without ramparts and Trenches preserved | |
Citadel Schloss Landestrost | Neustadt am Rübenberge | Valley fortress, bastioned castle | ||||
Neustadt fortress | Neustadt am Rübenberge | Fortress city | ||||
Nienburg Fortress with Nienburg Castle | Nienburg / Weser | 1639– | around 1810-1813 | Grinding | Fortified city with bastioned Nienburg Castle | The tower of the former Nienburg Castle is preserved |
Island fort Langlütjen I | Nordenham, mouth of the Weser at Nordenham | 1869-1870 | 1918 u. 1945 disarmed | Blasted after 1945, ruins covered with sand | Fort on a man-made island with access dam | Remains present, private property |
Island fort Langlütjen II | Nordenham, mouth of the Weser at Nordenham | 1872–1876, commissioned in 1880 | 1918 u. 1945 disarmed | Away on an artificially created island | important complex with casemates u. Well preserved, private property | |
Oldenburg Fortress | Oldenburg (Oldb) | 16th century, 1615, from 1667 | 1765 or 1777 | Fortress city | So-called powder tower of the city wall from 1529 | |
Citadel Oldenburg (later: Oldenburg Castle ) | Oldenburg (Oldb) | 11th century / 1530 | converted into a castle | Castle converted into a Renaissance citadel | some of the foundation walls of the castle were exposed, the current castle no longer has any fortifications | |
Osnabrück Fortress | Osnabrück | 15th century | around 1815 | looped | Fortified city, Gothic | Remains of the city wall with the Waterloo Gate |
Petersburg Citadel | Osnabrück | 1628– | 1633 destroyed during siege | razed around 1648 | Citadel, Renaissance | |
princely Calenberg Fortress Calenberg (also: Burg Calenberg) | Pattensen , OT Schulenburg | 1292–? Castle around 1500 extension of the fortress, 1648 castle building renewed, 1656 a. 1662 fortress repaired | Sieges and Destruction: 1519, 1629, 1632, 1633 | 1692–? Fortress razed, around 1765 Castle demolished for the construction of a prison (demolished around 1938) | Water castle converted into a fortress with later palace complex | preserved: mighty ramparts, cellars, etc. Foundations of the castle, the chateau, the Corvinus cellar and the remains of the battery tower at the castle entrance. There is a well several meters deep in one of the vaults. The trenches of the former moated castle are now dry |
Peine Castle | Torment | 1659–1661 extension of the fortress | 1519, 1521, 1522, 1633 Destruction during sieges | 1803–1816 extensive demolition | bastioned moated castle | a bastion was preserved, moats (including a pond) were converted into a castle park with information boards about the castle's history, bastion wall with escarpes wall and the like. Casemate remains, remains of the bridge over the moat |
Pyrmont fortress and castle ("Veste Pyrmont") | Pyrmont, Bad Pyrmont | 1512–? u. 1525 fortress (Veste Pyrmont), 1557–1562 renaissance castle, 1706–1710 baroque castle, from 1721 fortress renovation | around 1700 demolition of the renaissance castle | Valley fortress with castle, Renaissance fortress | largely preserved complex: fortress gate with coats of arms and Bridge over the moat, commandant's house with one-hand clock , casemates, corner bastion with underground access tunnels, baroque palace. Restored, museum. | |
Rethem moated castle | Rethem (Aller) | 13th century / extension with bastions in the 16th century, 1661 repairs | 1548 Destruction during conquest | Abandoned as official residence in 1865 | Valley fortress, bastioned moated castle | essentially only foundation walls preserved u. built over with buildings of the modern age |
Rinteln Fortress | Rinteln | 1530 u. from 1665–1678 fortress construction | 1639, 1806 | looped | Fortress city with bridgehead u. Jump | Casemates at St. Sturmius Church, fortress gate, Eulenburg (Rinteln) with museum and exhibited cannons of the former fortress, park Blumenwall with remains of the ramparts u. Fortress moats |
Rodenberg Castle | Rodenberg | around 1478, around 1510, 1518–1525, 1556 | 1663 | Softened, around 1800 the moat partially filled | Valley fortress, bastioned castle | Remains of ramparts and the like Ditch with remains of the bastions, local history museum in the so-called Ständehaus |
Meadow battery Schillig ("Fort Schillig") | Schillig, between Schillig and Minsen | around 1900, 1935– | after 1918 a. after 1945 demolished / blown up | Coastal fort with moat u. Casemates on the Jade | today in Mellumweg 4 | |
Schillig dike battery | Schillig, between Schillig and Minsen | around 1900, 1935– | after 1918 a. after 1945 demolished / blown up | Coastal fort with moat u. Casemates on the Jade | ||
Watt battery Schillig | Schillig, between Schillig and Minsen | around 1900, 1935– | after 1918 a. after 1945 demolished / blown up | Artillery position | Formerly located on the site of today's Utkiek restaurant | |
Stade fortress | Stade | 17th century | Fortress city | Sweden store | ||
Schwinger Schanze (also: "Brunshausener Schanze"), see Elbe customs frigate | Stade-Brunshausen, formerly OT von Stade | around 1865 | Schanze with Elbe customs station at the mouth of the Schwinge into the Elbe | |||
Steinbrück moated castle | Steinbrück (Söhlde) | 1523 - Extension of the fortress | 1643–? u. 1787 | partially looped | Castle complex with gun turret | preserved: castle partly u. a former gun turret (now used as a church) |
Wilhelmstein Fortress | steinhuder sea | 1771-1767 | partially worn or lost | Island fortress on artificially created islands | largely preserved complex, museum | |
Stolzenau Castle | Stolzenau / Weser | 1346 / extension of the fortress up to around 1590 | 1625 Destroyed during siege | 1965 total demolition | Valley fortress, bastioned moated castle | The castle school is located on the site of the castle today |
Christiansburg (Varel) | Varel | 1681 | 1694-1696 | abandoned, dragged | Coastal fortress with port facility in it | Port of Varel u. Wall remnants south of it |
Citadel Vechta (also fortress "Sancta Maria") | Vechta | 1666– ?, outer work ( caponier ) from 1705 | 1769 | dragged down to Zeughaus u. Caponier | citadel | in the 1990s partial reconstruction of the old fortress with the complete Friedrich-Christian-Bastion u. half of the Maximilian bastion, "Citadel Park Vechta" museum |
Vechta fortress | Vechta | 1647–? City bastions, new castle construction in 1550 | 1684 city fire, castle abandoned, castle tower blown up in 1687, castle completely demolished by 1698 | Fortress town with citadel u. included Vechta Castle | Replica of the former castle, built in 2012 | |
Verden fortress | Verden (Aller) | 17th century | Fortress city | |||
Auburg moated castle | Wagenfeld | End of 15th century | softened | Valley fortress, bastioned moated castle | only the Herren- u. get the servants' house | |
Wangerooge sea fortress | Wangerooge, Wangerooge Island | before 1900 | 1945– | blown up | approx. 9 batteries u. 100 bunkers | There are filled bunkers |
Imperial war port Wilhelmshaven | Wilhelmshaven | 1856– ?, 1873–1886 / 1888 | fortified imperial war port of the deep sea fleet with the forts: Schaar, Mariensiel u. Rustersiel, Heppens (beach battery) | |||
Fort Schaar | Wilhelmshaven, Aldenburg in Wilhelmshaven | 1878– | Blasted in 1945, remnants removed in 1974 | Wilhelmshavener Fort with moat u. Casemates | The area was built on with houses and the moat was preserved | |
Fort Heppens (beach battery) | Wilhelmshaven, Heppens in Wilhelmshaven | 1878– | 1915 gun battery dismantled and the Fort Napoleon (Ostend) spent | Wilhelmshavener Fort with coastal battery | ||
Kniphausen Castle | Wilhelmshaven, Kniphausen , former district of Wilhelmshaven | 1438 u. 1666/67 | softened | bastioned moated castle | Plant received in parts, u. a. Marstall, stair tower and Gatehouse | |
Fort Mariensiel | Wilhelmshaven, Mariensiel near Sande | 1876-1880 | 1945–? partially blown up | Wilhelmshaven coastal fort with moat u. Casemates | today circumferential street 10; u. a. Preserved: water ditch, guardhouse (today citizens' meeting place), Kehlkaserne with casemates u. Gate passage and civilian bunker systems | |
Fort Riistersiel | Wilhelmshaven, Rüstersiel in Wilhelmshaven | 1878– | 1911 u. a. abandoned | Wilhelmshavener Fort with moat u. Casemates | At Vogelwarte 21, today on the area: Institute for Bird Research - Vogelwarte Helgoland ; Preserved moat | |
Wittmund Castle | Wittmund | before 1454 castle | Valley fortress, bastioned castle | the so-called "castle wall", the rest of the ramparts, was preserved | ||
ducal Brunswick-Lüneburg fortress Wolfenbüttel , see also Schwedendamm | Wolfenbüttel | 1432–? u. from 1570 | 1798– | looped | Fortified city with 9 bastions, citadel u. presumably fortified Wolfenbüttel Castle | u. a. Armory, moat, wall remains, remains of 4 bastions, partly. with casemates; Casemates of the Lindenberg Bastion can be visited |
Citadel Wolfenbüttel , see also the picture at Schwedendamm | Wolfenbüttel | ? | 1798–? | looped? | Citadel of the fortress town of Wolfenbüttel | |
Howitzer battery Wremen | Wremen | 1905-1906 | 1917-1919, 1946 | disarmed, abandoned, blown up | Battery with surrounding wall u. Moat | a number of systems in ruin |
Schanze and fortress on the former Ellenser Damm | Zetel, between the former islands of Ellens u. Ahm, today the Zetel community | 1622 | 1658– | looped | Valley fortress | Ground monument |
North Rhine-Westphalia |
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Surname | place | Beginning | The End | When / how ended | Art | Status |
Sparrenburg | Bielefeld | 1535–? Roundels | Mountain fortress, rounded castle with corner bastion | partly received with rondelles u. Bastions | ||
Electoral Cologne Fortress Bonn | Bonn | 1622 | 1673, 1689, 1703 and 1811 | Destruction during sieges, later razed | Fortress city | partly Preserved: old customs , star gate with barrel vault (casemate), Schänzchen |
Beueler Schanze (also: "Fort de Bourgogne") | Bonn , OT Beuel | 1583, around 1703 stone Fort de Bourgogne | 1713 | looped | Hill / fort | Today Konrad-Adenauer-Platz is located on the site of the ski jump, preserved earth walls extend to today's Von-Sandt-Strasse, formerly about 750 m × 480 m. |
Pfaffenmütz fortress | Bonn , OT Geislar | 1620 | around 1629 | abandoned | Island fortress / ski jump at the mouth of the Sieg in the Rhine | received nothing above ground |
Brüggen Castle | Bruggen | 13th century / fortress-like expansion around 1520 | 1794/1801 | abandoned | Valley fortress, moated castle with bastions u. casemated ramparts | |
Coesfeld Fortress | Coesfeld | 1303 - approx. 1500 (second fortress ring) | 1688 | dragged, remains blown up in 1761 | Fortified city with citadel | Wall systems in front of the former city wall, Walkenbrückentor , Powder Tower (Coesfeld) |
Ludgerusburg Citadel | Coesfeld | 1655– | 1688 | looped | Citadel with castle | Torhaus ruin (1656) at the entrance to the city park, remains of St.-Johannes-Ravelin, moat remains, 1 barrel vault |
Detmold Castle | Detmold | 1447–? u. 1549– | 1780– | Demolition of the fortifications in the entrance area | bastioned moated castle | Castle fortifications with walls and Corner rondelles tw. preserved, as well as the wide moat / moat on the south u. West side of the castle |
landgräfl. Hesse-Kassel fortress Dorsten | Dorsten | 1633– | 1641 destruction | demolished from the 18th century? | Fortress city | restored moat u. Wall systems "Ostgraben" u. "Südgraben", two preserved defense towers on the west moat |
Erkelenz fortress | Erkelenz | 1492–1538 extension of the fortress | 1674 destruction | Grounded 1816–1819 | Fortified city with double wall-ditch system, casemates and included Landesburg Erkelenz | small remains of the city wall, restored ruins of the state castle with wolf tower |
early baroque fortification of the Externsteine | Horn-Bad Meinberg | before 1663 | 1810 | tore off | Fortifications with rondelles and pleasure palace | |
Kaiserswerth Castle | Düsseldorf, OT Kaiserswerth | 1045, expanded to a fortress by 1424 | 1702 | by Dutch u. Prussian troops blown up | bastioned castle | |
Electoral Cologne fortress Kaiserswerth | Düsseldorf , OT Kaiserswerth | Destruction in 1689, blown up in 1702, quarry until 1711 | by Dutch u. Prussian troops blown up | Fortified city with castle | ||
Electoral Cologne fortress Lechenich | Erftstadt , OT Lechenich | 15-17 Century | Sieges: 1642, 1673 a. 1689 destruction of the castle a. City fortifications, castle burned down in 1689 | 18th century -? Decay u. demolition | Fortified town with included Lechenich state castle | Ruins of the castle with outer bailey, remains of the city wall |
Haus Horst moated castle (Essen) | Essen , OT Horst | 15.-16. Century | ? | Destroyed or softened? Conversion for residential purposes | rounded moated castle with ramparts | unfortified lock with moat u. Preserved ruins of the old castle |
Electoral Cologne fortress Hülchrath | Grevenbroich , OT City of Hülchrath | 1583–? u. 1608–1612 extension of the fortress | 1642 u. Besieged / destroyed in 1676, largely razed in 1688 | looped | Fortress around the place Hülchrath with included bastion moated castle with outer bailey and. double moat | Neo-Gothic redesigned core castle with remains of the outer castle preserved |
Herford Fortress | Herford | 1765 | Fortress city | |||
Jülich Fortress | Jülich | 1547 | 1860 | looped | Fortress city | partially preserved, including bridgehead Jülich in Brückenkopfpark Jülich |
Citadel Jülich | Jülich | Valley fortress | ||||
Electoral Cologne water castle Kempen | Kempen | 1634–? new fortifications u. 1 bastion built and converted into a renaissance castle | Conquered in 1642 | Softened in 1807 / partial demolition, completely burned down in 1851 | bastioned moated castle | neo-Gothic new buildings from 1861–1863 |
Schenkenschanz | Kleve | Valley fortress | Fort Pannerden , which still exists today, was built near the Schenkenschanz on Dutch territory in the 19th century as the successor to the Schenkenschanz fortress . It is used as a museum. | |||
former fortress city of Cologne | Cologne | Valley fortress | ||||
Malakoffturm in Cologne | Cologne , at the Rheinauhafen | 1852-1855 | abandoned | Harbor fort, battery with gun turret | well preserved | |
Fortress ring Cologne | Cologne | 1815 | 1926 | looped | Ring of forts around the fortress city of Cologne | partly receive |
Prussian fortress Deutz | Cologne , OT Deutz | 1633 fortress construction, 1816 / 1818–1822 Prussia. New building, 1858/59 Fort XV, 1857–1859 Fort XIV, 1861–1863 Fort Rauch | First razed in 1678 | 1909–? looped (last systems around 2000) | Fortress city with forts | In the Rheinpark you can still see the wall around the former Fort XII (later numbered as XV). The lunette 1 is still recognizable by the ramparts near the Jewish cemetery. Former Barracks, today the state house. Remains of a caponier from Fort Rauch in the basement of a Strabag AG building |
Linn Fortress | Krefeld, OT Linn | until 1581 u. around 1620 expansion with bastions, 1643–1645 | 1702-1715 | Surrender after fire damage | Fortress city with five roundels u. integrated Linn Castle | restored castle with museum |
Fixed latitude | Linnich , on the right bank of the Rur River at the gates of the city of Linnich | 15-17 Century expansion | Destroyed / razed / finally demolished in 1973 in 1595 or later | looped | Fortified moated castle | no remains |
Lippstadt Fortress | Lippstadt | before 1633 | 1763– | looped | Fortress city | |
gräfl. Lippe fortress Lipperode Castle | Lippstadt , OT Lipperode | 1600 / 1604–? Fortification extension | 1616-1763 | looped | bastioned moated castle | Moat u. some remains of the wall |
Minden fortress | Minden | Fortress city | ||||
Rheydt Castle | Mönchengladbach | |||||
Haus Horst moated castle (Mönchengladbach) | Mönchengladbach , OT Giesenkirchen | around 1583–1588 | definitely after 1585, time unclear | looped / conversion to a residential palace | rounded moated castle | converted castle complex without fortifications but with a moat u. Former outer bailey preserved |
Citadel of Münster (also: Paulsburg) | Muenster | 1661-1700 | 1759 a. 1764 | Grounded in 1764 | citadel | Outlines in the castle park can be seen, on the area of the citadel is today the residential castle of the Prince-Bishop's Castle of Münster |
Munster Fortress | Muenster | around 1530 | 1759 a. 1764 | 1764 / 1770– ground | Fortress city with bastions u. partly double wall trains u. double moats and the citadel | including the Buddenturm u. the Zwinger (Münster) , a roundabout from 1528 |
Rees Fortress | Rees | 1616-1625 | 1674– | looped | Fortress city | considerable parts of the city wall on the banks of the Rhine, casemates to be visited under the Koenraad-Bosman-Museum , mill tower, old customs tower, remains of the bastion in front of the drop gate |
Rheinberg fortress | Rheinberg | City fortress | ||||
Orsoy fortress | Rheinberg, Orsoy, OT from Rheinberg | 1438 / Fortress: 1565–1581, 1632–1640 | 1586, 1672 -? / Around 1750 | Grinding / releasing | Fortress city | small remains of bastions, ravelins, etc. Fortress moats, city walls preserved in large parts, u. a. Powder tower |
Rietberg Castle fortress | Rietberg | 14th century castle, after 1562 fortress, 1605 a. 1623 castle | from 1745 decay | 1802–1803 complete demolition | Valley fortress, bastioned moated castle | The moats were preserved. Ramparts, now the Rietberger Fischteiche nature reserve |
Müllenark Castle | Inden (Rhineland) , OT. Schophoven | 1500–? expansion | Castle with gun turret | Foundation walls of the core castle with the remains of the battery tower on the northeast corner, ruinous tower, baroque outer castle (1670) | ||
Vlotho Castle | Vlotho | 1250 | 1709 | sold for demolition | Hilltop castle | |
Citadel Wesel | Wesel | citadel | ||||
Wesel fortress | Wesel | Fortified city with citadel | ||||
Rhineland-Palatinate |
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Surname | place | Beginning | The End | When / how ended | Art | Status |
Veste Kauzenburg | Bad Kreuznach | 13th century / 1620–1632 extension of the fortress | 1689 | conquered u. blown up by the French | Mountain fortress | Ruin with modern fittings, castle cellar, 1 remnant tower, currently restaurant |
Hindenburg Bridge | Bingen am Rhein | 1913-1915 | 1945 | blown up by German troops | fortified railway bridge | Remains of the stone fore-bridges and remains of the bridge tower on the Kempten side have been preserved |
Altdahn castle ruins | Dahn | 13th century / battery tower 16th century | 1689 | destroyed by French troops | Ridge castle with gun turret | Ruin, castle museum, battery tower in good condition |
Neudahn castle ruins | Dahn | 13th century / battery towers approx. 1500–1550 | 1525 first destruction | Destroyed by French troops in 1689 | Höhenburg with two turrets u. a bastion | Ruin, remarkable battery towers with mouth sockets, some in the shape of lion grimaces |
Schwedenschanze (Dörscheid) | Dörscheid | presumably 1631/32 | largely looped | Sternschanze | Remains present | |
Gun turret Small France (also: "Thurm France") | Erlenbach near Dahn | Late 15th century (1484?) | 17th century | abandoned | Gun turret as the outwork of Berwartstein Castle | Tower preserved up to the first floor |
Neuscharfeneck castle ruins | Flemlingen , Flemling Forest east of Ramberg (Pfalz) | 1470 u. 1530 expansion with casemates a. Gun emplacements | Burned down in 1525 | Blown up in 1629 or 1633 | Castle with casemated shield wall for use with cannons | ruin |
Frankenthal fortress in the Electoral Palatinate | Frankenthal (Palatinate) | 1573–1583, 1600–1608, 1718–? u. 1770– | Dismantled until 1870 / overbuilt from 1880 | 1688/89 a. a. largely razed by the French | Fortress city, formerly the strongest fortress on the left bank of the Rhine in the Electoral Palatinate | including Wormser Tor , Speyerer Tor |
Germersheim Fortress | Germersheim | 1834-1855 | 1920-1922 | looped | Polygonal fortress | well preserved |
Hardenburg | Hardenburg (Bad Dürkheim) | 13th century / around 1500 | 1692/1794 | softened / burned off | Mountain fortress, castle with fortress structures | Castle ruins with gun turrets, rondels, etc. Cellar vaults preserved |
Oberstein Castle | Idar-Oberstein | 14./15. Century | approx. 1688–1697 / 1855 | Towers blown up / fire damage | Mountain fortress, rounded castle | partly restored ruin |
Landeck Castle (Palatinate) | Klingenmünster | 13th century / approx. 1450–1500 roundels, expansion around 1570 | 1525/1680 or 1689 | burned down / destroyed by French troops | Mountain fortress, rounded castle | well-preserved / restored castle ruins |
Koblenz Fortress | Koblenz | 1822 | 1889-1922 | looped | Fortress city | partially preserved |
Ehrenbreitstein Fortress | Koblenz-Ehrenbreitstein | 16th century | 1918 | abandoned | Mountain fortress | received completely |
Philippsburg Castle | Koblenz-Ehrenbreitstein | 1626-1632 | 1801 | completely removed | bastioned baroque castle | only neighboring buildings belonging to the castle have been preserved |
Festival Emperor Alexander | Koblenz-Karthauser | 1816-1822 | 1922/1964 | blown up, largely demolished | External works of the fortress city of Koblenz | Löwentor u. Remains of the throat redoubt and the Hübeling battery have been preserved |
Fort Grand Duke Constantine | Koblenz-Karthauser | 1822–1827, from 1860 a. 1900-1902 | 1921-1922 | partially softened | Mountain fortress, outer fort of the fortress of Emperor Alexander | largely preserved |
Celebrations of Emperor Franz | Koblenz-Lützel | 1816-1822 | 1922/1959 | blown up, partial demolition | External works of the fortress city of Koblenz | Ruins of Reduit u. Throat tower and remains of the Neuendorfer Flesche outworks have been preserved |
Crottorf Castle | Krottorf, OT. from Friesenhagen | 14th century / around 1550, 1605–1607, 1619–1622 | Valley fortress, rounded moated castle | received completely | ||
Landau Federal Fortress | Landau in the Palatinate | 1679-1691 | 1866 | looped | Polygonal fortress | small remains present |
Nanstein Castle | Landstuhl | Castle 12th century, battery tower and roundel from 1518 | 1523, 1668 and 1689 | Destruction and demolition | rounded castle with gun turret | Partly restored castle ruins with large roundabout and small roundabout have been preserved, the gun turret has not been preserved |
Mannheimer Rheinschanze | Ludwigshafen am Rhein | 1606/1698 / after 1814 | 1843 | repeatedly destroyed, abandoned u. overbuilt | Bridgehead of the fortress city of Mannheim | |
Federal fortress Mainz | Mainz | 1619 | 1904 | looped | Fortified city with citadel | partly receive |
Citadel Mainz (also: Schweikhardsburg) | Mainz | 1620–1629, from 1655 | around 1918 | abandoned / conversion | Valley fortress, Renaissance citadel | Remarkably completely preserved renaissance citadel with baroque buildings u. the Roman Drususstein , tw. Museum, guided tours in underground facilities possible |
Neuerburg Castle | Neuerburg | 12th century / 1513–1540 a. 1701 | 1692 tw. blown up | from 1818 quarry | bastioned hilltop castle | Ruin, partially restored |
Ski jumps on the Rheininsel Niederwerth | Rheininsel Niederwerth | 1792-1797 | abandoned | Schanzen u. Field fortifications from siege of Ehrenbreitstein Fortress | mostly lost due to field cultivation | |
Oppenheimer Schanze, see Swedish column | Oppenheim , Kühkopf peninsula near Oppenheim | around 1620? | Besieged by Sweden in 1631, destroyed? | abandoned | Spanish Sternschanze on the former right bank of the Rhine near Oppenheim, today the Kühkopf peninsula | |
Marienburg (Moselle) | Pünderich | 12th century castle u. Monastery / around 1520 fortress | 1650 | destroyed by franz. troops | middle-aged. Castle converted into a monastery, then fortification expansion | |
Remagen Bridge | Remagen | 1916-1918 | 1945 | collapsed due to overload | fortified railway bridge | Peace museum in the preserved bridge towers on the Remagen side |
Rheinfels Castle | Sankt Goar | 1657-1674 | 1796 | looped | Mountain fortress | ruin |
Sauerburg | Sauerthal | after 1618 bastion a. Roundabout | 1689 destruction / fire | abandoned | bastioned hilltop castle with roundabout | Ruin, hotel |
Lichtenberg castle ruins | Thallichtenberg | from around 1500 expansion a. a. with round bastion | 1693–? Decay, 1799 fire | abandoned | rounded castle | Ruin, several round bastions u. well-preserved "horseshoe tower" rondel |
Grevenburg | Trarbach | 14th century / fortress from 1680, around 1703, from 1730 | 1697/1734 | first softening / blown up by the French | Mountain fortress, castle with fortress structures by Vauban | Ruin, foundation walls of the castle, remains of the west facade of the commandant's house, remains of casemates |
Mont Royal | Traben-Trarbach | 1687 | 1697 | looped | Mountain fortress | minor remains |
Pfalzel Fortress | Pfalzel | 1530-1538; from 1532 roundels | 1673/74 | partly destroyed | Fortified city, bastioned city fortifications with double walls and Earth wall in between | Wall system with former 6 bastions, Moselle bastion largely preserved, walls partially preserved |
Urmitzer railway bridge | Urmitz / Neuwied | 1916-1918 | 1945 | blown up by German troops | fortified railway bridge | In 1953/54 restored as a truss bridge, original bridge towers preserved |
Saarland |
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Surname | place | Beginning | The End | When / how ended | Art | Status |
Dagstuhl Castle | Dagstuhl | 13th century / 1466–1472, approx. 1600–1630 | 1717, 1726-1759 | softened, demolition | Mountain fortress, bastioned castle, late Gothic | Ruin, foundation walls and the remains of a tower as well as the trenches |
Homburg Fortress | Homburg | 1679–1692, from 1705 | 1697, 1714 | looped twice | Fortified town with a citadel-like mountain castle Hohenburg | |
Hohenburg Castle and Fortress (also: "Homburg Castle", Upper Castle or Old Castle) | Homburg | 1679–1692 extension of the fortress, from 1705 reconstruction | 1697, 1714 | sanded twice, quarry for the construction of Karlsberg Palace | Triangular mountain fortress with Renaissance palace complex, fortress planned by Vauban | Ruin, walls are preserved. Walls with gates u. Stairways. Accessible Schlossberg caves with casemates and modern bunkers |
New Montclair Castle | Mettlach | 1434-1439 | 1606– | abandoned | Mountain fortress, rounded castle, late Gothic | Ruin, tw. restored |
Old Saarbrücken renaissance castle | Saarbrücken | 17th century | around 1741? | ground down, overbuilt with a baroque castle | bastioned castle | The remains of the casemates are uncovered and can be viewed under today's Schlossplatz, as well as the foundation walls of the former Renaissance castle and an exposed bastion and the southwest wall |
Saarlouis fortress | Saarlouis | 1680 | 1887 | looped | Polygonal fortress planned by Vauban | Wall- u. Trench systems in the north of the city center and the so-called Vauban Island, a former half-moon hill ( demi-lune ). Vauban barracks from 1680 have been preserved. |
Saxony |
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Surname | place | Beginning | The End | When / how ended | Art | Status |
Dresden Fortress , see also Altendresden | Dresden | 13th century / 1519–1529, 1546–1553, from 1568, 1589–1591 Brühlsche Terrasse, 1704–1706, 1732, 1740, 1757, 1796; from 1546 u. from 1632 Altendresden | 1809-1830 | looped | Fortress city | small residues are preserved, u. a. Brühl's terrace with the Dresden Fortress Museum , the so-called Bärenzwinger (former Venus Bastion), remains of the Luna Bastion have been preserved at the Dresden Zwinger , parts of Bastion VI have been preserved in the garden of the Japanese Palace . |
Elsterberg castle ruins | Elsterberg | 13th century / 15th Century | from around 1620 | abandoned | early type of the rounded hilltop castle | Ruin, double circular wall with roundel-like corner towers and remains of the palace preserved, home parlor |
Eythra moated castle | Eythra | 15.-16. Century? | by 1980 at the latest | Lock u. Village devastated due to lignite mining | rounded moated castle | Location completely excavated |
Gnandstein Castle | Gnandstein | 13th century / 15th Century casemates a. Round bastions | Spornburg with late Gothic casemates with sinkholes u. three round bastions | Best preserved castle in Saxony, museum, keep climbable, one of the former three cellars (late Gothic casemates for the use of firearms) with sinkholes has been restored and Part of the museum tour | ||
Goerlitz fortress | Goerlitz | 13th century, 1474-1477, 1536, 1664 and a. | 1824– | looped | Fortress city, city fortifications with double walls, ditches, ramparts; around 1700 with 32 bastions / rondelles | receive u. a. Remains of the Nikolaizwinger , Hotherbastei , Ochsenbastei , Dicker Turm (Görlitz) , Nikolaiturm (Görlitz) , Reichenbacher Turm and the Kaisertrutz (built in 1490, water ditches filled and rededicated in 1848), Jägerkaserne (1854-1858) |
fortified railway bridge near Görlitz | Goerlitz | 1844–1847 viaduct, 1856–1857 block house | civil use of the log house in peacetime was planned u. was implemented immediately | fortified railway bridge with log cabin | the former log house for 80 men has been preserved and served as a restaurant after completion, today as a daycare center | |
Saxon state fortress Königstein | Koenigstein | 13th century / 1589–1597, 1619–1681, 1694–1756, 1819, 1854/1855, 1870–1895 | 1913 | abandoned / change of use | Mountain fortress | received completely, is one of the best preserved u. largest baroque mountain fortress in Europe |
Leipzig fortress see also Leipzig city gates | Leipzig | 1547– ?, 1551–1554 Moritzbastei | Abandoned in 1763 | 1770–? looped, the city gates 1822–1831 u. 1860 | Fortified city with citadel | remains of the Moritzbastei have been preserved, especially underground vaults |
Citadel Pleißenburg | Leipzig | 13th century / from 1549 new citadel construction | Abandoned in 1764 / conversion | Canceled in 1897 | Valley fortress, Renaissance citadel, triangular fortress | the keep , which was also integrated into the fortress, was preserved as part of the new town hall built on this site . During construction work on an underground car park, the foundation walls of the Pleißenburg were found, documented and worn away. |
Saxon fortress Sonnenstein | Pirna | 13th century / 1545–1548 castle, 1570–1573 fortifications, from 1639, from 1688, 1735–1737 | 1764 | abandoned / change of use; 1813 Partial destruction by fire | Mountain fortress with castle complex | only partially received u. Facility heavily redesigned through various civil uses |
Stein castle ruins at Pirk dam | Planschwitz, OT from Oelsnitz / Vogtl. | 14th century / around 1400 expansion with rondelles | around 1500 | abandoned | rounded castle | Circumferential ditch carved into the rock, ruins of the castle, partially flooded by the water of the Pirk dam |
Neuschönfels Castle | Schönfels (light fir) , OT Neuschönfels | 15th century | Rounded residential palace from the late Gothic period | Late Gothic castle threatened by decay, ruins of a roundabout u from the fortifications. Remains of a wall have been preserved | ||
Stolpen Castle | Stumble | 13th century / from 1632, from 1675, 1806 | 1813/1859 conversion | 1813 blown up in parts by Napoleon | Mountain fortress, castle complex converted into a fortress | Mostly preserved, museum, former prison of Countess Cosel |
Saxon state fortress Torgau | Torgau | before 1650, from 1811, from 1815 | 1889 | abandoned u. looped | Fortress city | The following have been preserved: the medieval city wall in the area of Gartenstrasse, the casemates on the flanks of Bastion II, the curtain wall between Bastion I and II including the access to the postern, the left flank casemate of Bastion III u. the right of Bastion VII, the glacis converted into a city park (in it remains of the sluice lunette III on the Schwarzen Graben, (OT Wolffersdorf) from 1835), both batardeaus and Parts of the infusion surfaces; as well as the bridgehead u. the fortified railway bridge. |
Bridgehead of the Torgau Fortress with the Elbe lunettes Werdau and Zwetau | Torgau | before 1650, from 1811 | abandoned | External works of the fortress town of Torgau in the run-up to the old Elbe bridge at Hartenfels Castle | largely preserved with defensive barracks, moat, etc. two Elbe bezels | |
fortified railway bridge over the Elbe at Torgau Fortress , see also Halle-Sorau-Gubener Railway | Torgau | 1811-? u. 1872 | 1997 Demolition of the log houses | fortified railway bridge with log houses and turret | Bridge replaced by a new building in 1997, but historical tin towers preserved | |
Fort Mahla | Torgau, on the Kirschberg, formerly OT Mahla (near Döbernsche Str. 30 in Torgau ) | 1811– | 1878 | looped | Outside fort of the fortress town of Torgau, downgraded to bezel from 1870 | |
Fort Zinna | Torgau, OT Zinna | 1811–? u. from 1815 | 1889 | abandoned u. Conversion | Outside fort of the fortress town of Torgau | partially preserved, correctional facility |
Wehlen Castle | Wehlen | 12th century | probably around 1450 a. from 1547 | Destructions / abandoned | rounded castle | small remains of the wall u. a tower (roundabout) |
Saxony-Anhalt |
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Surname | place | Beginning | The End | When / how ended | Art | Status |
Kurbrandenburg fortress Regenstein Castle | Blankenburg | 12-15. Century Burg / 1671–1677, 1736–1742, 1757 | 1736 thunderstorm explosion damage, 1758 razing | blown up u. looped | Mountain fortress, rock castle that was expanded into a fortress | Preserved: ruins of the keep, rooms of the castle carved into the rock, etc. Casemates of the fortress, as well as the restored entrance gate of the fortress and the moat carved into the rock |
so-called "New Castle" near Braunschwende | Braunschwende | around 1546 | around 1546 | Invest ruin, construction stop by imperial order | Valley fortress, bastioned castle | planned u. only started project of a bastioned castle u. Fortress with ramparts, ditches, etc. Corner bastions. Except for ramparts and Moat no visible building structure available, directly at the intersection of the B 242 / road to Wippra |
Egeln moated castle | Leeches | 10th century/1403-1445 | rounded moated castle | largely preserved complex, parts of it in ruins | ||
Isenschnibbe Castle | Guards | 12th century / 15th Century | 1784 | completely demolished | Moated castle with a bastion gate system | |
Prussian Selkenfelder Schanze on the Harzlängsstraße | Güntersberge , about 3 km west of Güntersberge and 3.5 km east of Stiege on the "Hohen Strasse", which connects Güntersberge with today's B 242 | 1760 | abandoned | Redoubt / Schanze, fortification of the field | Information board, log house, etc. some fortifications | |
Halberstadt Fortress | Halberstadt | 17th century | Fortress city | The water gate tower of the medieval city fortifications has been preserved | ||
Moritzburg (Hall) | Halle (Saale) | 15th century | 16th century | destroyed | Mountain fortress, round castle, castle castle | partially rebuilt, cultural use |
Lower castle of Giebichenstein Castle | Halle (Saale) | Late 15th / early 16th century | abandoned | Rounded castle, early fortress style, valley fortress | received in substantial parts | |
Magdeburg Fortress | Magdeburg | 13th century, 1450–1550, from 1666 rebuilding with citadel, 1702–1713 bastions, up to 1740 tower rampart a. Fort Berge, 1807 expansion of the Glascis, from 1814, 1840–1873, from 1866 Fortgürtel | 1631 grinding, from 1872 grinding, abolished in 1900/1912 | looped | Fortress city, u. a. with outer fort (fort belt), u. a. Fort mountains | Preserved: Bastion Cleve at Magdeburg Cathedral, Rayonhaus (Steinigstrasse), remains of the Old Leipzig Gate , Kiek tower in de Köken , Lukasklause , Mark barracks , remains of several forts and the like. further systems |
Tower hill | Magdeburg | 1718 | 1890 | completely looped | Bridgehead of the Magdeburg Fortress | |
Magdeburg Citadel | Magdeburg, Elbe island Werder (Magdeburg) | 1683-1702 | 1926-1927 | almost completely looped | Citadel of Magdeburg Fortress on the Elbe island | preserved: service building (street: Zitadelle 43) |
Fort I (Magdeburg) | Magdeburg, Buckau (Magdeburg) | 1866 | 1907–? u. 1920 | abandoned u. looped | Outside fort of Magdeburg Fortress | today in its place a sports facility u. Allotments located |
Intermediate work VIII a of the Magdeburg Fortress | Magdeburg industrial port | 1890-1891 | 1904– / –1912 | abandoned u. looped | Intermediate work with moat | |
Mansfeld Castle | Mansfeld | 12th century castle / 1517–1549 fortress | 1674-1675 | Fortress partially razed | Mountain fortress with three castles and Castle church, the largest fortress in central Germany in the 16th century | a castle u. Castle church preserved, ruins of fortifications and 2 castle ruins, bastion mine completely preserved |
Querfurt Castle | Querfurt | 10th century castle / 1460–1490 bastions | after 1700, at the latest 1813 | Conversion as a domain | Mountain fortress | remarkable castle built in Gothic u. Renaissance was expanded to a fortress, largely preserved, u. a. the huge fortress moat with a large roundabout, the west gate, Paris tower can be climbed, museum |
Rudelsburg | Saaleck (Naumburg) | 12th century / around 1450? | 1641 | destroyed / abandoned, outer bailey demolished | rondelierte castle, formerly with rondellierte outer bailey | Ruin, tw. restored, museum, excursion restaurant |
Schraplau Castle | Shrapnel | 10th century / round bastions around 1484 | from around 1730 | abandoned / quarry, outer bailey removed | rondelierte hill castle | Ruin, curtain wall, round bastions, tw. built-up area |
Ummendorf Castle | Ummendorf (Börde) | 12th century / approx. 1535-1581 | rounded moated castle | largely preserved plant | ||
Weferlingen moated castle | Oebisfelde-Weferlingen | 12th century / around 1500, 17th century | 1717, 1929 | abandoned, decay, fire damage | rounded moated castle | Ruins of residential buildings, keep (observation tower) |
Wendelstein Castle and Fortress (Memleben) | Memleben | 12./15. Century | 18th century | partially destroyed | Mountain fortress with several castle complexes | Castle ruins, 3 castles and fortress ruins from the 15th to 17th centuries Century; Saxon, later Prussian fortress, extensive ruinous building structure preserved (threatened with decay), huge fortress moat, partly. Preserved upstream wall with remains of bastions going through, two remarkable fortress gates running underground through the wall with remains of casemates are well preserved, complex is largely accessible |
Saxon state fortress Wittenberg | Wittenberg | 1526 Start of expansion | Destroyed in 1760, abandoned fortress status in 1764, renewed destruction in 1814, decongestion from 1873 | destroyed u. looped | Fortress city with Elbe bridgehead u. External works / Fortring | The preserved castle served as barracks during the time of the fortress, the preserved castle church tower had been converted into a gun turret |
Moritzburg Castle (Zeitz) | Time | 12./16. Century | 17th century | largely looped | Mountain fortress, bastioned castle | Castle with cathedral preserved and Museum. Of the fortifications, the inner fortification ring with the fortress gate tower, a number of rondelles, a Renaissance bastion and the like remained. The fortress moat was completely preserved, the outer fastening ring was razed. Casemates preserved in the castle are not open to the public. |
Schleswig-Holstein |
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Surname | place | Beginning | The End | When / how ended | Art | Status |
Breitenburg Castle fortress | Breitenburg | 1530-1565, 1630-1633, 1647-1651 | 1627, 1643 | Destruction, softened, water ditch filled in in the 18th century | bastioned moated castle | unsecured lock received |
Eckernförde Schanzen (coastal batteries Norderschanze and Süderschanze) , see also: Battle near Eckernförde | Eckernförde , OT Louisenberg, formerly Norderschanze, in the Kurpark Eckernförde, formerly Süderschanze | 1848 | two coastal batteries in the bay of Eckernförde | Monument Norderschanze in Louisenberg, Süderschanzen monument in the spa gardens of Eckernförde | ||
Glückstadt Fortress | Glückstadt | 1617 | ? | looped? | Fortified city (with citadel? See legend of the illustration from 1652) | Bastion "Queen" on Deichtorgraben with moat, bank zone of the fortress "Am Battardeau", as well as former moats on the streets Richtsweg, Holtenborn, Janssenweg u. Urban plants |
Sea fortress Heligoland | Helgoland (island) | 1890–? 1935– | 1945, 1947 | bombed, blown up | Tunnel system, submarine bunkers, coastal batteries | approx. 400 m of the bunkers u. Tunnels can be visited |
Hetlinger Schanze | Hetlingen , near the Julssand lighthouse | 1659, 1672 | 1768 | partially looped | Schanze / Fort with Ravelins a. Moat | There are remains near the lighthouse |
Danewerk | Hollingstedt (Treene) , Schleswiger isthmus between the Eckernförde Bay u. Hollingstedt (Treene) | before 500–1864, 1944 | 1864, 1944 | given up | Field fortification / Landwehr | 30 km of ramparts, walls (Waldemarsmauer), Danewerk Museum in Dannewerk |
fortified Imperial War Port Kiel | Kiel, City of Kiel | 1871 | fortified imperial war port | |||
Friedrichsort Fortress (also: Christianspries) | Kiel-Friedrichsort | 1631/1633, 1663, 1865 | 1918– | partly looped | Sea fortress | Wall systems in the west, south and East; southern u. the eastern moat and casemates have been preserved. Privately owned |
Lübeck Fortress see also Lübeck Bastionary Fortification | Lübeck | around 1535, 1595-1600, 1614-1618, 1622-1670 | 1804–? 1850-1900 | looped | Fortress city | largely preserved bastions Buniamshof u. Cat, partially preserved bastions Holstentor, Commis, Pulverturm u. the Schwansort bastion and the gates Holstentor , Kaisertor and Burgtor in fragments . Today the Lübeck ramparts between the Holstentor and the Puppenbrücke are on the one hand u. the former mill gate on the other hand still almost completely preserved u. the symmetrical bastions are still clearly recognizable. |
Travemünde Fortress | Lübeck, Lübeck-Travemünde | 1628–? 1669, 1801 | 1775 / from 1803, 1812, 1822 | decayed / dragged | Fortress city | |
new citadel Travemünde | Lübeck, Lübeck-Travemünde | 1812 | around 1815-1817, 1832 | looped | french octagonal citadel | |
old Citadel Travemünde on the Trave (including the redoubt "Müggenburg") | Lübeck, Lübeck-Travemünde | 1625, 1725 | 1803– | looped | Citadel on the Trave River | Former extension from today's Rose to the Lotsenberg |
Ski jump on the Priwall (Travemünde) | Lübeck, Lübeck-Travemünde , Priwall peninsula | around 1599 | from 1803? | looped | Jump | |
Schanze at the mouth of the Trave | Lübeck, Lübeck-Travemünde | 1613 | 1625 / from 1803? | destroyed / dragged | Jump | |
Schanze on the Leuchtenfelde | Lübeck, Lübeck-Travemünde | 1848 | 1853, 1862 (planned fort not realized) | abandoned | Jump | |
Ratzeburg Fortress | Ratzeburg | 1690-1692 | 1693, 1816 | Destroyed by bombardment in 1693, razed in 1816 | Fortress city | the so-called powder cellar (former ammunition depot of the fortress) under today's Burgtheater from 1691 is now a restaurant |
former Danish fortress Rendsburg (planned federal fortress) | Rendsburg | 1669–1673, from 1690, approx. 1690–1695 extensions | 1852– | looped | Fortress city | are preserved: Artillery car house, Hohes- u. Lower arsenal, garrison hospital, commandant's office, etc. a. |
Citadel Gottorf Castle | Schleswig | 1565– | after 1848 | softened | Valley fortress, Renaissance fortress with castle | unsecured lock received |
ducal Schleswig-holstein-gottorf`sche fortress Tönning | Toenning | 1644-1675, 1692-1714 | 1714 | looped | Fortified city, with the Rödemiser Schanze in the north, Tielener, Sorgen- u. Holmer Schanze in the east and Hamhus Castle to the south | |
Thuringia |
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Surname | place | Beginning | The End | When / how ended | Art | Status |
Altenburg Castle | Altenburg | 10th century castle, roundabout probably 16th century | 18th or 19th century. Partial demolition of the tower rondelle | softened | round lock | The kennel wall with the remains of several roundels in the non-publicly accessible kennel area has been preserved |
Erfurt Fortress | Erfurt | 1066 | 1873 | looped | Fortified city, two city walls with moats, porches, entrenchments, etc. | almost completely gone, except for small remains of the inner city wall |
Petersberg Citadel | Erfurt | 1665 | 1871 | abandoned, some parts of the outdoor facilities were removed | baroque mountain fortress | almost completely preserved, partly museum, guided tours in underground facilities are possible from time to time; is one of the best preserved baroque fortresses in Europe and is therefore included in the list of the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict |
Citadel Cyriaksburg | Erfurt | 1480 | 1871 | abandoned, blown up in parts u. worn away | Mountain fortress, originally late Gothic still castle-like complex (parts of it preserved) | outstanding late Gothic citadel a. Early Renaissance (with baroque extensions), tw. received: Defense barracks, 2 turrets, underground well, trench, throat and Side capons, 2 cannon yards, peace powder magazine, use as the German Horticultural Museum a. egapark |
Friedrichswerth Palace | Nessetal , district of Friedrichswerth | 17th century | Bastion moated castle, pleasure palace | completely preserved with bastions | ||
Gotha fortress | Gotha | 13th century -? / Around 1526 fortress, 17th century new building | looped | Fortress city with citadel-like castle Grimmenstein, Gothic u. Baroque | Former location on today's Ringstrasse | |
Grimmenstein Castle and Fortress | Gotha | 13th century - / 1526 | 1547, 1567 | looped | Mountain fortress, bastioned castle, Gothic | Parts of the casemates received u. to visit, built over with Friedenstein Castle |
baroque fortifications around Friedenstein Castle | Gotha | 17th century | looped | Mountain fortress with castle | ||
Schwedenschanze (Gotha) | Gotha , on the Krahnberg near Gotha | 17./18. Century | Field fortification / jump | Remains received | ||
Veste Heldburg | Heldburg | 13th century new castle / palace, 1712–1720 extension of the fortress | ? | only started bastion castle | Small remains of the fortifications have been preserved on the hillside of the Schlossberg | |
Fortress Heldrungen | Heroics | 13th century -? Wasserburg / around 1570 extension of the fortress | 18th century | abandoned | Valley fortress | bastioned moated castle of the early 16th century, fortress extension with 2 moats and Walls in the 16th and 17th centuries 17th century; largely preserved, is considered the best preserved moated castle in Thuringia |
Jena fortress | Jena | 1430–1500? | tore off | Fortress city | Remains of the city wall with reconstructed battlements at the gate tower Johannistor , Rotem Turm , and corner tower Powder tower with cannon roundel, ruins of the anatomy tower | |
Kranichfeld Upper Castle | Crane field | 1530–? Castle castle, 17th century planned bastions | the planned bastion was not realized | (planned bastion) castle castle | well-fortified castle structure preserved, partial ruin | |
Bertholdsburg Castle | Schleusingen | 13th century castle / 15th - 16th century Century. Rondelle | softened | rounded castle | Castle with museum, remains of the fortifications and the like receive a rondel | |
Leuchtenburg (Seitenroda) | Side rod | 12./15. Century early fortress style | 17th century | Conversion | Mountain fortress, rounded castle | almost completely preserved, museum |
Schaumberg Castle (also: Schaumburg) | Schalkau | 12th century - / 1501-1503 | 1635, 1640 | destroyed | Mountain fortress, bastioned hilltop castle | Ruins of the core castle newly exposed; Vorburg partially preserved u. Privately owned |
Schkölen Castle | Schkölen (city) | 12./15. Century | Burned down in 1536 | abandoned | rounded moated castle | extensive ruins preserved |
Fortresses in formerly German areas
Fortifications in areas of the German Empire that today belong to Lithuania, Poland or Russia
- Lithuania
- Poland
- Brzeg / Brieg: former fortress town in Silesia
- Elbląg / Elbing: former fortress town in West Prussia
- Ełk / Lyck: former fortress town in East Prussia
-
Gdańsk / Danzig: former fortress town in West Prussia
- Weichselmünde fortress
- Fortifications on the Danzig main
- Drezdenko / Driesen, former fortress Schloss Driesen, bastioned castle, Kurbrandenburg fortress, razed in 1765, in Neumark
- Giżycko / Lötzen: Feste Boyen in East Prussia
- Głogów / Glogau: fortress in Lower Silesia
- Grudziądz / Graudenz: fortress in West Prussia
- Huta / Hüttenguth: Fort Wilhelm in Lower Silesia
- Kłodzko / Glatz: fortress in Lower Silesia
- Kołobrzeg / Kolberg: fortress in Pomerania
- Kostrzyn nad Odrą / Küstrin: Küstrin fortress in East Brandenburg
- Koźle / Cosel: fortress in Upper Silesia
-
Malbork / Marienburg: fortress town in West Prussia
- Ordensburg Marienburg with fortresses from the 15th century
- Nysa / Neisse: Fortress Neisse in Upper Silesia
- Poznań : Poznan Fortress in the Poznan Province
- Samborowo near Ostróda / "Königlich Bergfriede" near Osterode in East Prussia, (with log houses still in existence) fortified bridge from the German era (around 1900), see the picture directory of the rural community
- Srebrna Góra / Silberberg: Fortress, Silesian Gibraltar in Lower Silesia
- Świdnica / Schweidnitz: former fortress town in Lower Silesia
- Świnoujście / Swinoujscie: Swinoujscie fortress on the island of Wolin in Pomerania
- Toruń / Thorn: fortress in West Prussia
- different places, fortress front Oder-Warthe-Bogen , the so-called Ostwall in East Brandenburg (Poland)
- Wrocław / Breslau, former fortress city of Breslau in Lower Silesia, remains of bastions at Partisan Height and Polish Height have been preserved
- Russia
- Baltijsk / Pillau: fortress Pillau ( Fort Stiehle ) in East Prussia
-
Kaliningrad / Königsberg: Königsberg fortress in East Prussia , former fortress town with citadel, 32 roundels and fort ring from the 19th century.
- Groß Friedrichsburg Fortress (Königsberg) , Citadel of Königsberg
- Kutusowo / Schirwindt, former German fortification in Schirwindt in East Prussia, probably a fort, current condition unclear, Russian military training area
- Sowetsk / Tilsit in East Prussia, Tilsit Ordensburg , formerly bastioned castle
Fortifications in the realm of Alsace-Lorraine (1871–1918)
- Diedenhofen : Fortress in the realm of Alsace-Lorraine (Thionville, France)
- Metz : Metz fortress in Alsace-Lorraine (Metz, France)
- Mützig : Festivals of Kaiser Wilhelm II (French: Fort de Mutzig, Position de Mutzig ) in Alsace-Lorraine (Mutzig, France)
- Strasbourg : Large fortress in Alsace-Lorraine (Strasbourg, France)
Other fortresses
- Luxembourg : Federal Fortress (Luxembourg)
- Sonderborg : Fortress in North Schleswig (Sønderborg, Denmark)
See also
- List of fortresses
- Federal fortress
- List of fortresses besieged in the Great Northern War
- List of sieges
- General Ernst Ludwig von Aster`s (1778–1855) importance for the German fortress construction in the 19th century.
- Fortress builder Gerhart Evert Pilooth (? -1629)
- Fortress builder Georg Rimpler (1636–1683)
- Fortress builder Alessandro Pasqualini (1493–1559)
- Fortress builder Rochus Graf zu Lynar (1525–1596)
- Fortress builder Caspar Voigt von Wierandt (? -1560)
- Fortress builder Johan van Rijswijck (around 1550–1612)
- Fortress builder Johann Baptist Ferolski (? -1751)
- Fortress builder Johann Maximilian von Welsch (1671–1745)
- Fortress builder Georg Friedrich Dinglinger (1702–1785)
- Fortress builder Gerhard Cornelius von Walrave (1692–1773)
- Fortress builder Bertram von Zündorf (16th century)
- Fortress builder Daniel Specklin (1536–1589)
Bibliography
- Michael Losse: Fortresses in Germany (Imhof cultural history). Imhof Verlag 2008, ISBN 3-86568-155-7 .
- Neumann, Hans-Rudolf (Ed.): Historical fortresses in the Middle East of the Federal Republic of Germany ; Stuttgart IRB Fraunhofer Information Center 2000, ISBN 3-8167-4726-4 .
- Neumann, Hans-Rudolf (Hrsg.): Historical fortresses in the southwest of the Federal Republic of Germany ; Stuttgart IRB Fraunhofer Information Center 1995, ISBN 3-8167-4102-9 .
- Ulrich Schütte: "The castle as a fortification, fortified castle buildings of the early modern era", Scientific Book Society Darmstadt 1994, ISBN 3-534-11692-5 .