Audi
Coordinates: 48 ° 47 '0 " N , 11 ° 25' 4.9" E
| Audi AG
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| legal form | Corporation |
| ISIN | DE0006757008 |
| founding | July 16, 1909 in Zwickau (Audi) June 29, 1932 in Chemnitz (Auto Union) September 3, 1949 in Ingolstadt (newly founded) March 10, 1969 in Neckarsulm (merger) |
| Seat |
Ingolstadt , Germany
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| management |
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| Number of employees | 90,640 |
| sales | 55.68 billion euros (2019) |
| Branch | Automobile manufacturer |
| Website | www.audi.de |
| As of April 1, 2020 | |
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The Audi AG based in Ingolstadt in Bavaria is a German automobile manufacturer , which since the 1960s, the Volkswagen Group belongs and is ranked among the premium manufacturers since the 2000s.
The company was founded when August Horch founded A. Horch & Cie. After falling out with the CFO . Motorwagenwerke Zwickau , located in what was then the Kingdom of Saxony , had to rename his new August Horch Automobilwerke GmbH , because the rights to the “Horch” brand no longer belonged to him after leaving. He found the solution in the suggestion of the Zwickau high school student Heinrich Fikentscher (son of Franz Fikentscher, who was a friend of August Horch), who translated Horch into Latin . Audi is the imperative singular of audire (in German to hear , to listen ) and means “Hear!” Or “Listen!”. On April 25, 1910, Audi Automobilwerke GmbH Zwickau was entered in the commercial register of the city of Zwickau.
In 1928, the small car and motorcycle manufacturer Zschopauer Motorenwerke JS Rasmussen AG , known for its DKW brand , took over Audiwerke AG Zwickau . Both companies went on in the middle of 1932 founded Auto Union AG , Chemnitz , to which the Zwickauer Horchwerke AG and the vehicle factory Siegmar of the Wanderer works in Schönau near Chemnitz belonged. The merger of the four car brands Audi, DKW, Horch and Wanderer was symbolically expressed in the Auto-Union company logo with the intertwined rings, which represents today's Audi logo. In the 1930s, the DKW F1 – F8 and the two Audi models UW and 225 were among the pioneers of front-wheel drive in Germany.
After the Second World War , a new Auto Union GmbH was founded in Ingolstadt (Bavaria) in 1949 . In addition to DKW motorcycles ( RT 125 W ), Schnellaster initially rolled off the production line and from 1950 the new Düsseldorf- Derendorf plant built the F89 cars, both models with front-wheel drive. In 1958, Daimler-Benz acquired a majority in the share capital of Auto Union, and the Düsseldorf plant subsequently manufactured light Mercedes vans . From 1964, the Volkswagen Group gradually took over Auto Union. Until then, the company had only built passenger cars with two-stroke engines under the DKW brand , until the Audi model with four-stroke engines came onto the market in 1965 under the traditional brand from the pre-war era. In the course of the merger with NSU Motorenwerke , Audi NSU Auto Union AG was created in 1969 . According to the merger partner, their headquarters were Neckarsulm until 1985 , before the company was shortened to Audi AG due to the expiry of the NSU brand and the headquarters moved back to Ingolstadt.
Audi AG has owned the sports car manufacturer Lamborghini since 1998 and the motorcycle manufacturer Ducati since 2012 .
history
1909–1931: Audi Automobilwerke GmbH was founded
The company's history began after August Horch left the company he had founded "August Horch & Cie Motorwagenwerke Zwickau" and on July 16, 1909 he founded the "August Horch Automobilwerke GmbH Zwickau" together with entrepreneurs from Zwickau. Because his former company forbade him to continue using the name Horch for the new automobile factory, it was renamed "Audi Automobilwerke GmbH Zwickau" on April 25, 1910.
In July 1910, the first Audi brand vehicle left the Zwickau plant, which in 1915 was transferred to a stock corporation, the “Audiwerke AG Zwickau”. In the course of the global economic crisis , Audi ran into financial difficulties in 1928. In the same year, Zschopauer Motorenwerke J. S. Rasmussen AG ( DKW ) took over the majority of shares in Audiwerke with loans from the Saxon State Bank .
First Audi logo by Arno Drescher
Audi Type C (1913)
Audi type SS (1930)
Audi Type 920 (1939)
1932–1945: Audi and Auto Union AG, Chemnitz
In June 1932, were Zschopauer Motorenwerke (DKW) with its Zwickau subsidiary Audi, the Horchwerke AG (also Zwickau ) and the car plant Siegmar of Wanderer-Werke in Schoenau near Chemnitz for Auto Union merged. The company logo with the intertwined rings symbolized the merger of the four brands , which however remained independent. After the entry of the new group in the commercial register of the city of Chemnitz, Audi and Horch were liquidated as companies and the factories continued as Auto Union AG, Horch plant and Auto Union AG, Audi plant . When the Auto Union was founded, Chemnitz was set as the headquarters. Only on this condition did the city of Chemnitz participate in the company with a share capital of RM 750,000. Despite reminders, the head office remained in Zschopau in the DKW factory until 1936 . It was not until 1936 that it was moved to the former administration building of the Presto works in Chemnitz . Due to the effects of the global economic crisis, far-reaching rationalization measures were necessary in all Auto Union plants. What initially began with the takeover by Zschopauer Motorenwerke (DKW) has now been continued under the leadership of the main shareholder, the Sächsische Staatsbank.
The Horch cars combined prestige and tradition and had the highest market share in the luxury class in the German Empire of the 1930s with more than 50%. In addition to its own luxury vehicles, the Horch plant also built mid-range cars of the Audi brand, while the Audi plant produced the DKW “front cars” for the volume segment . The lowest numbers of Audi cars were sold - the Auto Union brands' share of total car production in the German Reich in 1938: DKW 17.9%, Wanderer 4.4%, Horch 1.0%, Audi 0 ,1 %.
1945–1968: Post-war period - liquidation, re-establishment and the first post-war Audi
After the Second World War, in which it was Soviet occupation zone -based Auto Union AG first by the Soviet military administration in Germany confiscated (SMAD) and then expropriated without compensation.
Hans Migotsch is considered the initiator of the reconstruction of the Audi factory in Zwickau after the Second World War. As a trustee, he obtained approval for the work from SMAD in September 1945. With this approval, machines could be assembled, derusted and repaired and production started. As plant director, he was responsible for the later production of the IFA F8 and IFA F9 and played a key role in researching a replacement material for missing cladding.
The former VEB Audiwerk Zwickau (AWZ) produced the AWZ P70 in 1957 after being renamed VEB Automobilwerk Zwickau . The VEB AWZ was merged on May 1st, 1958 with the VEB Sachsenring motor vehicle and engine works Zwickau , the former Horch factory, to form the VEB Sachsenring automobile works Zwickau . The world's first small car with a plastic skin, the Trabant , was manufactured here by 1991 .
Because in the Trizone ( West Germany ) the four branches in Munich, Nuremberg, Hanover and Freiburg (Breisgau) were much too small due to their spatial possibilities for the production of vehicles and all Auto-Union plants except for the DKW plant in Berlin-Spandau were in the Soviet zone, it was first decided to secure the DKW spare parts inventory in the Auto-Union central warehouse south in Ingolstadt. Auto Union thus had an advantage over other vehicle manufacturers in West Germany: the DKW cars had only been requisitioned to a small extent by the Wehrmacht because of their two-stroke engines ( DKW 4 = 8 ), the self-supporting bodies made of plywood and the front-wheel drive ( DKW front car ) . After the end of the war, more than 65,000 DKW cars of the Reich and Meisterklasse types were still in service in West Germany . There was even a considerable number of vehicles in other European countries. On this basis, the first steps to rebuild Auto Union in West Germany were dared by establishing the Central Depot for Auto Union Spare Parts GmbH from the former central warehouse in the south . As a result, the remaining Auto-Union vehicles could be supplied with spare parts immediately after the war ended.
Once in August 1948 Auto Union AG in the commercial register had been deleted Chemnitz, the company did not exist and could more 1949/1950 in the Federal Republic as Auto Union GmbH , headquartered in Ingolstadt be re-established.
Many employees from the former factories in Zwickau , Zschopau and Chemnitz moved to Ingolstadt and initiated a rebuilding. First and foremost were the former CEO of the old Chemnitz Auto Union Richard Bruhn and his deputy Carl Hahn . The vehicles of the "new" Auto Union were again under the brand DKW in Ingolstadt (1949 DKW rapid delivery van ) and initially leased the former Rheinmetall -Werk Dusseldorf-Derendorf ( DKW F89 produced). The Spanish subsidiary Industrias del Motor SA (IMOSA) built a new plant in Vitoria (Basque Country ) in the early 1950s , which from 1954 also produced DKW high-speed trucks.
At the urging of the main shareholder Friedrich Flick , Daimler-Benz AG took over 88% of the share capital of the West German Auto Union GmbH in 1958 . In the period from 1964 to 1966, Volkswagenwerk AG bought Auto Union GmbH with its Ingolstadt plant (the Düsseldorf and Vitoria plants in Spain remained with Daimler-Benz). VW also took over the rights to the logo with the four rings, representing the four brands Audi, DKW, Horch and Wanderer. Rudolf Leiding , previously head of the VW plant in Kassel , became the new managing director in Ingolstadt.
The demand for two-stroke vehicles had collapsed; around 30,000 new vehicles were unsold in stock. To avert the collapse of the company, the technicians worked on the Audi F103 , which was to receive the medium-pressure engine developed by Daimler-Benz , a four-stroke gasoline engine with a compression ratio of over 11: 1, which is between the usual values of a gasoline and diesel engine. In order to secure the employment of around 12,000 employees in Ingolstadt and to cover the development costs of the new car, a total of 347,869 VW Beetles were built in Ingolstadt from May 1965 to July 1969 .
With the internally named F103 , Auto Union launched the first “Audi” car on the market in 1965 after the war. This initially received no other sales designation. Only with the expansion of the model range were the cars provided with numbers corresponding to their engine power in hp (for example: Audi 60 and Audi Super 90 ). In 1968, the former Daimler-Benz employee Ludwig Kraus presented the Audi 100, which Kraus had developed without the knowledge of the board, to the VW board chairman Heinrich Nordhoff . Nordhoff was enthusiastic about the development and agreed to production.
Since 1969: Merger with NSU and foundation of today's Audi AG
In 1969 Auto Union GmbH merged with NSU AG from Neckarsulm . The company was now called Audi NSU Auto Union AG and since then had a second plant and (until 1985) its headquarters in Neckarsulm. The slogan “ Vorsprung durch Technik ” was first used in January 1971 in a three-part series of double-sided advertisements by Audi NSU Auto Union AG. After the production of the Ro 80 was stopped in 1977 , the use of the name NSU as a product name ended. Audi NSU Auto Union AG has been operating as Audi AG since January 1, 1985. At the same time, the company moved its headquarters from Neckarsulm to Ingolstadt. Since then, products and companies have had the same name.
Audi has also been active in Hungary since 1993 . In addition to the assembly of the Audi TT, all engines are built in the Hungarian city of Győr .
From 2002 Audi, together with Seat and Lamborghini, formed the sporty Audi brand group in the Volkswagen Group , alongside the Volkswagen brand group with VW , Škoda , Bentley and Bugatti . Both brand groups were dissolved again in 2007 on the initiative of Martin Winterkorn .
In 2005, Audi celebrated 25 years of quattro and on September 30 and October 1, 2006, with an open day and the start of production of the Audi R8, the 100 years of automobile manufacture in Neckarsulm . TV and magazine advertisements have received multiple awards, including some with cult status, for example the wobbly Elvis created by Audi or the commercial in which an Audi with Quattro drive drives up a snow-covered ski jump. Starting in 2005, Audi will manufacture its first own SUV, the Audi Q7 . This product line was continuously expanded over the next few years. Contrary to the standard design with longitudinal engines, the smaller Q models do not have permanent all-wheel drive, but the optional, more cost-effective all-wheel drive, which is activated when required and developed by Volkswagen. Audi also uses this drive strategy, which is used by VW as well as Škoda and Seat, for the A1 and A3 models.
In October 2011, the ten millionth vehicle in the Audi 80 / A4 model series rolled off the assembly line; a red S4.
On April 18, 2012, Audi announced that it would buy the Italian motorcycle manufacturer Ducati . It is hoped that this will create synergies in the area of small, economical engines and lightweight construction.
Company structure, brands, subsidiaries
The share capital structure of Audi AG is made up as follows:
- 99.64% Volkswagen AG
- 0.36% free float
The shares are traded on the Berlin-Bremen, Düsseldorf, Frankfurt am Main, Hamburg, Munich and Stuttgart stock exchanges.
On March 2, 2020, VW announced that it wanted to transfer the Audi shares of the minority shareholders to Volkswagen AG in a squeeze-out procedure . The reason given was the high competitive pressure in the automotive industry.
 99.64% |
Free float 0.36% |
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Other corporate divisions and holdings
Services
- Audi Interaction GmbH - (100% Audi subsidiary, since 2010)
Development services
- PSW automotive engineering GmbH - (100% Audi subsidiary, 91% in 2011 and the remaining 9% in 2016)
property
- AUDI Immobilien GmbH & Co. KG - (100% Audi subsidiary)
- AUDI Immobilien Verwaltung GmbH - (100% Audi subsidiary)
- FC Ingolstadt 04 Stadionbetreiber GmbH - (100% Audi subsidiary)
Mobility and digitization
- Audi Business Innovation GmbH - (100% Audi subsidiary, since 2013)
- Silvercar, Inc. - (100% Audi subsidiary, since March 2017)
Professional sport
- FC Bayern München AG - 8.33% (since July 2011)
- FC Ingolstadt 04 - 19.94% (via Audi Sport GmbH)
Further
- Audi Foundation for Environment GmbH - (100% Audi subsidiary, since December 2009)
- Auto Union GmbH - (100% Audi subsidiary, tradition of the brands: Auto Union , Horch , Audi , DKW , Wanderer and NSU , since 2011)
- There Holding BV - 29.71% (since 2015)
- IONITY GmbH - (Joint Venture, since 2017)
- FAW-Volkswagen Automotive Co., Ltd. - 1 %
- Volkswagen Automatic Transmission (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. - 40.07%
- SAIC-Volkswagen Automotive Co., Ltd. - 1 %
Audi Sport GmbH
The Audi Sport GmbH is a wholly owned subsidiary of Audi AG. The company, called quattro GmbH until the end of 2016 , was founded in 1983 and has been independent since 1996. Audi Sport is responsible for customizing every Audi model - and not just sporty - according to customer requirements. Certain equipment packages are called S line , special productions also called Audi exclusive . The first independent project of the then quattro GmbH was the S6 plus , which was presented in March 1996. The company is based in Neckarsulm.
Results after tax
- 2019: 3,943 million euros
- 2018: 3,463 million euros
- 2017: 3,479 million euros
- 2016: 2,066 million euros
- 2015: 4,297 million euros
- 2014: 4,428 million euros
- 2013: 4,014 million euros
- 2012: 4,349 million euros
- 2011: 4,440 million euros
- 2010: 2,637 million euros
- 2009: 1,347 million euros
- 2008: 2,207 million euros
Corporate governance
Board
(As of July 31, 2020)
| Business area | Surname | Member since | previous position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chairman | Markus Duesmann | April 1, 2020 | Member of the Board of Management of Purchasing and Supplier Network, BMW AG |
| Procurement and IT | Dirk Große-Loheide | April 1, 2020 | Brand Board Member, Procurement Division, Volkswagen Passenger Cars |
| Finance and law | Arno face | March 1, 2020 | Brand Board Member, Controlling and Accounting Division, Volkswagen Passenger Cars |
| Technical development | Markus Duesmann | June 18, 2020 | s. O. |
| COO Technical Development | Oliver Hoffmann | July 1, 2020 | Head of Drive Development & Technical Development Neckarsulm, Audi AG |
| Personnel and organization | Sabine Maassen | April 1, 2020 | Head of Human Resources and Social Affairs, thyssenkrupp Steel |
| production and logistics | Peter Kössler | 1st September 2017 | CEO, AUDI HUNGARIA Zrt. |
| Marketing and Sales | Hildegard Wortmann | 1st July 2019 | Head of Sales Region Asia-Pacific, BMW AG |
Supervisory board
(As of July 31, 2020)
| function | Surname | Member since | further work |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shareholder representatives | |||
| Chairman, Chairman of the Presidium and Mediation Committee |
Herbert Diess | November 30, 2015 | Chairman of the Board of Management of Volkswagen AG |
| Member of the Diesel Committee | Josef Ahorner | November 30, 2015 | Entrepreneur (Vienna, Austria) |
| Supervisory board | Marianne Heiss | May 7, 2018 | CEO BBDO Group Germany GmbH |
| Supervisory board | Gunnar Kilian | May 9, 2018 | Board Member for Human Resources and Organization at Volkswagen AG |
| Supervisory board | Julia Kuhn-Piëch | November 30, 2015 | Real estate manager (Salzburg, Austria) |
| Member of the Presidium and Mediation Committee | Hans-Michel Piëch | November 19, 2009 | Lawyer (Vienna, Austria) |
| Chairman of the examination board | Hans Dieter Pötsch | April 25, 2003 | Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Volkswagen AG, Chairman of the Executive Board of Porsche SE |
| Member of the examination board | Ferdinand Oliver Porsche | November 19, 2009 | Board member of the Porsche AG Beteiligungsgesellschaft family (Salzburg, Austria) |
| Member of the Presidium and Mediation Committee | Wolfgang Porsche | May 10, 2012 | Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Porsche SE, Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Porsche AG |
| Member of the Audit Committee, Chair of the Diesel Committee |
Hiltrud Dorothea Werner | 16th February 2017 | Board Member for Integrity and Legal Affairs, Volkswagen AG |
| Employee representatives | |||
| Supervisory board | Rita Beck | December 13, 2016 | Deputy Chairwoman of the Works Council of Audi AG, Ingolstadt plant |
| Deputy Chairman of the Diesel Committee | Johann Horn | January 1, 2000 | District chairman of IG Metall Bavaria |
| Member of the executive committee, examination and mediation committee | Rolf Klotz | May 16, 2013 | Chairman of the Works Council of Audi AG, Neckarsulm plant |
| Deputy Chairman, Member of the Presidium and Mediation Committee | Peter Mosch | July 1, 2001 | Chairman of the General Works Council of Audi AG, Chairman of the Works Council, Ingolstadt plant |
| Member of the examination board | Petra Otte | May 9, 2018 | Trade union secretary IG-Metall Baden-Württemberg |
| Member of the Diesel Committee | Rainer Schirmer | May 9, 2018 | Deputy Chairman of the Works Council of Audi AG, Neckarsulm plant |
| Deputy Chairman of the Audit Committee | Jörg Schlagbauer | February 7, 2006 | Deputy Chairman of the Works Council of Audi AG, Ingolstadt plant |
| Member of the Presidium and Mediation Committee | Irene Schulz | July 11, 2016 | Executive board member IG Metall |
| Supervisory board | Helmut Späth | May 25, 2010 | Works council Audi AG, Ingolstadt plant |
| Supervisory board | Stefanie Ulrich | September 14, 2017 | Head of HR at Audi AG, Neckarsulm plant |
Honorary Chairman: Carl H. Hahn (since January 1, 1993)
Technology and innovation
Audi has developed numerous technical innovations or introduced them in mass production: in 1972 the negative, track-stabilizing steering scrub radius in the Audi 80 , in 1975 the VW Group's first engine with mechanical K-Jetronic fuel injection in the Audi 80 GTE (later also in the VW Golf GTI), 1977 a five-cylinder gasoline engine in the Audi 100 and, in 1980, under the name quattro, the first permanent all-wheel drive in a German car in the Urquattro Type 85. The plan was to equip any vehicle with more than 200 hp with it or at least offer this technology because of the traction superior to front-wheel drive.
From 1985 Audi was the second large-scale manufacturer of fully galvanized car bodies after Porsche ( Audi 100 C3 ). The last-named model was presented in 1982 and at that time, with a drag coefficient of 0.30, it was one of the most aerodynamically efficient production vehicles in the world. In 1983, Audi was the first German automobile manufacturer to receive a general operating permit (ABE) for vehicles with catalytic converters .
At the end of the 1980s, Audi, after Fiat with the Croma TD id and Rover with the Montego, was the first German manufacturer to offer a diesel engine with direct injection and turbocharging in the Audi 100 TDI model . In the 1980s, the procon-ten - (English: "programmed contraction and tension") safety system was introduced, which with the help of wire ropes pulled back the steering column from the driver at twice the impact speed and tightened the front seat belts in the event of a frontal collision. This technology was later abandoned and replaced by the airbag.
In 1985, Audi showed a picture of two women wearing the body shell of an Audi 100 at the Hanover Fair . This was made of aluminum and thus came into the public eye. With Alcoa as a partner, the developments were so far advanced that from 1988 prototypes based on the Audi V8 with an ASF body were subjected to an endurance test. This luxury-class sedan, based on the Audi 100/200, came onto the market in 1988 as the first with permanent all-wheel drive.
In September 1991, Audi presented at the IAA in Frankfurt am Main and in October of the same year at the Tokyo Motor Show , with the Spyder and the Avus quattro, two prototypes with aluminum tubular space frames and bodies. In October 1993, a study with the Audi Space Frame ASF technology was presented at the Frankfurt IAA . It has a 3.4-liter V8 TDI engine and - apart from the polished aluminum outer skin - largely corresponds to the Audi A8 , which came onto the market in May 1994. The successor model to the Audi V8 was the first series sedan with a self-supporting body made of aluminum .
With the Audi A2 , aluminum was also used in a small car for the first time. Thanks in part to this design, it was the first and so far only five-door three - liter car on the market in 2001 . Almost all models have been fully galvanized since the beginning of the 1990s.
At the IAA 2009, Audi presented the R8 e-tron , a sports car study with a purely electric drive that was to come onto the market in small series from 2012. However, both the sports car and the A2 e-tron study presented in 2011 were not produced in series.
Role in the VW emissions scandal from 2015
In the wake of the VW emissions scandal involving manipulated diesel engines from 2015, Audi will play an important role. Over two million Audi diesel vehicles with the VW EA189 engine are affected worldwide . In the course of the investigation into the illegal disconnection devices, Audi came increasingly into focus. Significant parts of the software used for the fraud are said to have been developed by Audi.
Federal Transport Minister Alexander Dobrindt committed on 1 June 2017 Audi because of illegal software-controlled switch-off device to a complete recall of 25,000 vehicles of the models Audi A8 and Audi A7 with V6 and V8 diesel engines with Euro 5 emission standard model years 2009-2013 on. On March 15, 2017, during Audi's annual press conference, more than 100 police officers and public prosecutors searched the vehicle manufacturer's headquarters in Ingolstadt and other locations and employees' homes. At the beginning of May 2018, Audi temporarily stopped delivering new vehicles after authorities were investigating suspected illegal shutdown devices for exhaust gas manipulation in the case of new A6 / A7 V6 TDI vehicles. Up to 60,000 vehicles are said to be affected worldwide. In October 2018, the Munich public prosecutor closed the preliminary investigation that had been initiated by imposing a fine of 800 million euros on Audi for breaches of supervisory duties .
Audi engines of the Euro 6 emissions standard, which were used at Audi and in models from Porsche and VW, were also manipulated. The Federal Motor Transport Authority sent out recalls for around 200,000 vehicles in Germany.
In July 2019, Deutsche Umwelthilfe announced test results according to which the EA897 engine developed by Audi , which is used in Porsche vehicles , exceeded the limit values for nitrogen oxides (NOx) many times over .
Design features
Compared to its premium competitors, the design of Audi includes a simpler design with a higher proportion of smooth surfaces and fewer beads . Another design feature throughout Audi is the third side window on four-door notchback sedans. In the case of competitors, the C-pillar is generally attached to the rear door.
Another feature is the strong focus on a uniform design across the entire vehicle range, so that on the one hand the recognition value of the automobile brand is high, on the other hand, critics sometimes note that the model series can not be easily distinguished from one another.
Audi single-frame grille
The shape of the radiator grille on all Audi vehicles since 2004 is specifically referred to as “singleframe”. With the single-frame optics, the radiator grille is no longer divided into two parts by the bumper , as was the case with all previous models , but consists of a larger part with the manufacturer's logo above and a smaller part below that rounds off the design. This oversized grille is supposed to give the vehicles a dominant appearance.
There were a total of three epochs of the radiator grille shape. The so-called decorative frame radiator grille had the chrome frame only around the part of the radiator grille above the bumper. When the second generation of the Audi A4 (B6) was introduced in 2000, this resulted in the double-frame radiator grille, which also framed the part of the grille below the bumper with a chrome strip. The single-frame radiator grille followed in 2004.
Gradually, Audi converted all models to this form. The first model with a single frame was the A8 6.0L W12 , followed some time later by the five-door version of the Audi A3, the A3 Sportback . With the model change in the A6 , an entire series got the new grill for the first time. Later, all A3 and A8 versions as well as the Audi A4 of the B7 series received a large grill. The Audi TT was the last model with a new look. The Audi A2 did not experience this change because its production ended shortly after the introduction of the Singleframe.
With the Audi A1 in 2010, the single-frame radiator grille was modified; since all new models or facelifts, it has been hexagonal, with the single frame narrowing in the upper third. The headlights incorporate the single frame, making them wider in the upper part than in the lower part.
Audi Sport flag and Audi S emblem
With the Audi S4 (C4) in 1991, based on the motorsport successes of the 1980s, Audi introduced the identification of particularly sporty series vehicles with a flag on the rear and in the radiator grille.
It was made up of three bars, standing next to each other, inclined to the right, with the significantly wider and red-colored first part bearing the Audi rings. The two rear elements contained the model identification, which was composed of one or two letters and a number. In some special models such as the Audi RS2 and the Audi S6 Plus , the second part of the flag has been colored blue and the name has been adapted accordingly.
After 2000, the flag was modified. Only the red element remained and the type designation was implemented as lettering. This template was later used for the "S-line" symbology.
Models and typology
Models since 1965
Timeline
Small car
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1974-1988 |
Audi 50 Type 86 |
Influenced by the oil crisis, the new Audi 50 immediately became a bestseller. In September 1975 it was taken over by the parent company as the VW Polo I with a simpler equipment. From July 1978 the Type 86 was no longer sold as an Audi after only 181,000 copies. |
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| 1999-2005 |
Audi A2 8Z |
This small car was the first mass production vehicle with a self-supporting aluminum body ( Audi Space Frame ) and was offered (in version 1.2 TDI) as one of the first "three-liter cars" on the German market. |
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| 2010-2018 |
Audi A1 8X |
The A1 is the third small car from Audi AG. The platform is based on the VW Polo V . In the summer of 2010, it was initially launched as a three-door model, followed by the five-door version in early 2012. |
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| since 2018 |
Audi A1 GB |
The second generation of the A1, like the Seat Ibiza and the VW Polo VI, is based on the MQB-A0 . |
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Compact class
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1996-2003 |
Audi A3 8L |
First Audi model in the compact class . Shares the technical basis with the VW Golf IV . The five-door version did not appear until the beginning of 1999. A facelift followed in late summer 2000. |
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| 2003-2012 |
Audi A3 8P / AU350 |
New development on the platform of the VW Golf V . In mid-2005 it was revised and optically adapted to the A3 Sportback. Further revisions followed in spring 2008 and summer 2010. |
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| 2004–2012 |
Audi A3 Sportback 8PA / AU353 |
The five-door variant of the A3 8P came onto the market in late summer 2004. In addition, the single-frame radiator grille was used for the first time on the vehicle. As with the three-door model, the revisions took place in both 2008 and 2010. |
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| 2012-2020 |
Audi A3 8V |
The third generation of the Audi A3 was introduced in summer 2012. It is the first model based on the modular transverse matrix (MQB). |
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| since 2020 |
Audi A3 8Y |
The fourth generation of the Audi A3 was presented in March 2020. It is again based on the modular transverse matrix. |
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Middle class
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1965-1972 | Audi F103 | First post-war Audi model. The model name was initially simply Audi . The engine power in hp was added later as an add-on. Based on the DKW F 102 . The models were called Audi, Audi 60, Audi 72, Audi 75, Audi 80 and Audi Super 90 . |
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| 1972-1976 |
Audi 80 B1 Typ80 |
The Audi 80 B1 (Typ80) provided the basis for the first series of the VW Passat , with which it was identical apart from the hatchback used there and a few details. Furthermore, the Type80 was one of the first vehicles with a negative scrub radius . |
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| 1976-1988 |
Audi 80 B1 Type82 |
The Audi 80 B1 (Typ82) is a facelift version of the Audi 80 Typ80 . It has been visually matched to the Audi 100 Typ43 . |
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| 1978-1984 |
Audi 80 B2 Type 81/85 |
The Audi 80 B2 was a new design, the body was designed by Giorgio Giugiaro ( Italdesign ). The type 81 denotes the models with front-wheel drive, the type 85 the Quattro models. |
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| 1984-1986 |
Audi 80 B2 Type 81/85 |
As with the Audi 80 (Typ82) , the model series was optically adapted to the Audi 100 C3 (Typ44) of the time two years before the end of production . The type 81 denotes the models with front-wheel drive, the type 85 the Quattro models. |
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| 1984-1986 |
Audi 90 B2 Type 81/85 |
The Audi 90 B2 was based on the Audi 80 B2 and was visually redesigned. In addition to a turbodiesel engine, only five-cylinder engines were used in the 90 series . The type 81 denotes the models with front-wheel drive, the type 85 the Quattro models. |
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| 1986-1991 |
Audi 80 B3 Type89 / 8A |
The Audi 80 Type 89 was a completely redesigned vehicle. The procon-ten security system was offered for the first time at Audi . |
|
| 1987-1991 |
Audi 90 B3 Type89 / 8A |
The Audi 90 B3 (Typ89) was the more luxurious variant of the Audi 80 Typ89 . It was offered with five-cylinder engines with an output of up to 170 hp. |
|
|
1991-1994 Avant: 1992-1995 |
Audi 80 B4 8C |
With the Audi 80 8C , the Audi 80 was also available as an Avant station wagon for the first time . The luxury variant Audi 90 has been withdrawn from the range. Despite changes to the engine range, body parts, trunk etc., the technology of the B4 is largely based on the previous model. |
|
|
1994-2000 Avant: 1996-2001 |
Audi A4 B5 8D |
With the introduction of the Audi A4 , the new naming of the Audi model range was completed. The Audi A4 8D was, like its predecessor, the Audi 80 , the highest-volume vehicle. In early 1999, the first A4 series received a facelift. |
|
| 2000-2004 |
Audi A4 B6 8E |
The second A4 series was a new development with a greatly improved chassis through an optimized four-link front axle and a newly developed trapezoidal-link rear axle (previously twist beam). About a year after the sedan, the Avant followed in the summer of 2001. Premiere for the S4 of this series: an eight-cylinder engine was used for the first time in a mid-range Audi vehicle. |
|
|
2004-2007 Avant: 2004-2008 |
Audi A4 B7 8E |
Actually a facelift of the 8E , but because of the many technical and optical changes it was named B7 . Introduction of the single-frame radiator grille on the A4. Production of the sedan ended in November 2007, and the Avant was still in production until the new A4 Avant was presented in spring 2008. The Exeo of the sister brand Seat, which was built until 2013, was essentially based on this model. |
|
| 2007-2015 |
Audi A4 B8 8K |
The modified platform made it possible to move the front axle forward by 154 mm, thereby lengthening the wheelbase compared to the previous model. In addition to LED daytime running lights and side indicators, road safety can be supplemented by optional driver assistance systems. The design of the 8K is very similar to the Audi A5. In autumn 2011, the modified version of the A4 was presented, which went on sale in early 2012. |
|
| 2009-2016 |
Audi A4 allroad quattro B8 / 8K |
The A4 allroad quattro is based on the current version of the A4 Avant and is characterized by a modified look (radiator grille, underrun protection on the front and rear, roof rails with recess) and a slightly higher body. |
|
| since 2015 |
Audi A4 B9 8W |
The 8W is based on the further developed MLB platform "MLB Evo". For the first time in the history of the A4, the sedan and the Avant were presented at the same time. |
|
| since 2016 |
Audi A4 allroad quattro B9 / 8W |
The second generation of the allroad quattro, based on the A4 Avant B9. |
|
upper middle class
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1968-1976 |
Audi 100 C1 F104 |
The first generation of the Audi 100, which laid the foundation for today's success of the Audi brand. |
|
| 1976-1982 |
Audi 100 C2 Type43 |
Second generation of the Audi 100, which was equipped with the world's first five-cylinder gasoline engine. From mid-1977 it was also available as an Avant for the first time. A facelift was carried out in the summer of 1979. |
|
| 1979-1982 |
Audi 200 C2 Type43 |
The Audi 200, available as a turbo version, was based on the Audi 100 Type 43 presented in summer 1976 and came onto the market at the end of 1979. |
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|
| 1982-1991 |
Audi 100 C3 Type44 |
The Audi 100 C3 was at its launch with a C W value of 0.30 which was then aerodynamically efficient production car in the world. The Avant estate version came on the market in mid-1983. A facelift followed in early 1988. |
|
| 1983-1991 |
Audi 200 C3 Type44 |
The Audi 200 turbo, presented in mid-1983, was the fastest production sedan in the world at the time, with a top speed of over 230 km / h (from 1989: 200 20V turbo: over 240 km / h). |
|
| 1990-1994 |
Audi 100 C4 4A |
The last Audi with the model designation 100, six-cylinder engines were introduced. Again as a spacious Avant. |
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|
| 1994-1997 |
Audi A6 C4 4A |
Despite the new name, not a completely new model, but a revised Audi 100 C4 . |
|
| 1997-2004 |
Audi A6 C5 4B |
The platform of the first “real” A6 was supplemented by parts from the Audi A4 and VW Passat . At the beginning of 1998 the A6 followed as Avant. In May 2001 the C5 received a facelift. |
|
| 1999-2006 |
Audi allroad quattro 4B |
Special vehicle design. As a variant of the Audi A6 Avant, it is an upper mid-range vehicle with height-adjustable air suspension and an optional reduction gear for off-road use. |
|
| 2004-2011 |
Audi A6 C6 4F |
When it was launched, this Audi A6 was, along with the rare twelve-cylinder version of the Audi A8 D3, the first vehicle to feature the single-frame grille. First the sedan came on the market, from spring 2005 an Avant was available again. The infotainment system of the Audi A8 ( M ulti M edia I nterface, MMI for short ) is also used in it. A facelift took place in autumn 2008. |
|
| 2006-2011 |
Audi A6 allroad quattro C6 / 4F |
The second generation of the allroad quattro, based on the Audi A6 C6 Avant. |
_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht,_13._M%C3%A4rz_2011,_W%C3%BClfrath.jpg)
|
| 2010-2018 |
Audi A7 C7 4G |
Hatchback sedan based on the A6 with six-cylinder engines from 150 kW (204 hp) to 412 kW (560 hp) in the Audi RS7. For the first time, a head-up display is available. |
|
| 2011-2018 |
Audi A6 C7 C7 |
The A6 C7 is 70 kg lighter than its predecessor and, thanks to modern engines and the now common fuel-saving measures, should consume up to 19 percent less than its predecessor. |
_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht,_2._April_2011,_Hilden.jpg)
|
| 2012-2018 |
Audi A6 allroad quattro C7 |
The third generation of the allroad quattro has been with dealers since the beginning of 2012. It is based on the station wagon version of the A6 C7. |
|
| since 2018 |
Audi A7 C8 4K |
Hatchback sedan based on the A6 C8 with four, six and eight cylinders and an output of 204 PS (40 TDI) to 600 PS (RS7) |
|
| since 2018 |
Audi A6 C8 4A |
The a6 C8 is based on the modular longitudinal matrix and is around 200 kg heavier than the A6 C7 due to its standard mild hybrid |
|
Upper class
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1988-1994 |
Audi V8 4C |
The Audi V8 was the first luxury class vehicle with all-wheel drive. It was based on the Audi 100/200 C3 , but is considered a new development. Despite the low sales figures, it made a significant contribution to Audi being one of the so-called “premium manufacturers” today. The V8 was also successful in the DTM . |
|
| 1994-2002 |
Audi A8 D2 4D |
The Audi A8 was the first luxury sedan with a self-supporting body made entirely of aluminum . |
|
| 2002-2010 |
Audi A8 D3 4E |
Infotainment system - MMI , LED rear lights, cornering lights or air suspension . As a result of a facelift, the A8 also received the single-frame radiator grille in mid-2005, like the A6. In the late summer of 2007, the A8 received another facelift. |
|
| 2010-2017 |
Audi A8 D4 4H |
The third A8 generation relies on aluminum construction again. For the first time, technologies such as full LED headlights , night vision assistant or an 8-stage Tiptronic are used in the luxury class Audi . A hybrid version has also been available since spring 2012. |
|
| since 2017 |
Audi A8 D5 4N |
The A8 D5 is offered with two 6-cylinder petrol engines and one diesel engine. There are again a large number of assistance systems that also enable autonomous driving (level 3). The A8 D5 is also available with a longer wheelbase than the A8 L. |
|
Coupes
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1970-1976 |
Audi 100 Coupé S C1 / F105 |
Coupé based on the Audi 100 C1 . |
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|
| 1980-1988 |
Audi Coupé B2 Typ81C / 85C |
A coupe derived from the Audi 80 B2 . It was available with front or all-wheel drive and engines up to 161 kW (220 hp). |
|
| 1988-1996 |
Audi Coupé B3 8B / Type89C |
Coupé based on the Audi 80 B3 with four, five and six-cylinder engines up to 169 kW (230 hp). |
|
| 1998-2006 |
Audi TT 8N |
The first TT was technically based on the platform of the VW Golf IV . It first came onto the market in autumn 1998 as a coupé, which was followed by a roadster at the end of 1999 . |
|
| 2006-2014 |
Audi TT 8J |
In spring 2006, the Audi TT was the last Audi model to receive the single-frame grille. The TT initially appeared with a 147 kW (200 PS) 2-liter turbo engine and the 184 kW (250 PS) 3.2-liter six-cylinder. The 1.8-liter turbo engine with 118 kW (160 hp) and a 2-liter diesel engine with 125 kW (170 hp) have been available since the beginning of 2008. The vehicle is available as a Coupé and Roadster and also as a TTS (200 kW, 272 PS) and TT RS (250 kW, 340 PS). The TT received a slight facelift in spring 2010 and got the revised 2.0-liter TFSI engine with 155 kW (211 hp). |
|
| 2007-2016 |
Audi A5 8T |
The A5 Coupé was officially presented at the Geneva Motor Show in early March 2007 and is the first vehicle to be based on Audi's modular longitudinal construction kit (MLB). A facelift of all variants (Coupé, Sportback and Cabriolet) took place in autumn 2011. |
|
| since 2014 |
Audi TT FV |
Production of the third TT generation started in March 2014 and will be launched on the market in autumn of the same year. Initially, only the Coupé is available, while the Roadster will appear in the following year. |
|
| since 2016 |
Audi A5 F5 |
The second generation of the Audi A5 was presented in 2016 in all variants (Coupé, Sportback and Cabriolet), including the S models and the RS model. |
|
Cabriolets
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1991-2000 |
Audi Cabriolet 89 / 8G |
The first convertible from Audi. It is based on the coupé that appeared in autumn 1988 , but due to the model change in late summer 1991, it was optically adapted to the Audi 80 B4 . |
|
| 1999-2006 |
Audi TT Roadster 8N |
The roadster variant of the TT 8N came onto the market a year after the coupé ( Audi TT 8N ). |
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|
| 2002-2006 |
Audi A4 Cabriolet B6 / 8H |
The second convertible from Audi, which came on the market in spring 2002. It is based on the platform of the Audi A4 B6 . |
|
| 2006-2009 |
Audi A4 Cabriolet B7 / 8H |
Revised version of the A4 Cabriolet, which is now based on the Audi A4 B7 . The A4 convertible also receives the new face of the Audi brand, which is characterized by the single-frame radiator grille. |
|
| 2006-2009 |
Audi S4 / Audi RS4 Cabriolet B7 / 8H |
The Audi S4 / RS4 Cabriolet is based on that of the Audi A4 B7 . The S4 develops 253 kW (344 PS), the RS4 309 kW (420 PS), both from a 4.2-liter V8 engine. |
|
| 2007-2014 |
Audi TT Roadster 8J |
The roadster variant came on the market a year after the coupé ( Audi TT 8J ). |
_Facelift_front_20100805.jpg)
|
| 2008-2013 |
Audi A3 Cabriolet 8P |
The open A3 is the first convertible in Audi's compact class. |
|
| 2009-2016 |
A5 Cabriolet 8F |
The third mid-range convertible, based on the A5 , and the successor to the A4 convertible . |
|
| 2010-2015 |
Audi R8 Spyder Type 42 |
Convertible version of the R8 sports car. The 5.2-liter V10 with all-wheel drive develops 386 kW (525 hp) and is over 300 km / h despite its soft top . As a 4.2-liter V8, the R8 has 316 kW (430 hp) and a top speed of 299 km / h. At the beginning of June 2011, the Audi R8 GT Spyder was presented, which, like the closed coupé, has an output of 412 kW (560 hp) and a top speed of 317 km / h. The two-seater is limited to 333 copies. |
|
| since 2014 |
Audi A3 Cabriolet 8V |
The second convertible in the compact class based on the Audi A3 8V. |
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|
| since 2014 |
Audi TT Roadster FV |
The roadster came on the market together with the coupe. It got a facelift in 2018. |
|
| since 2016 |
Audi A5 Cabriolet F5 |
Fourth mid-range convertible based on the current Audi A5. Simultaneous presentation with the S model. |
|
| since 2016 |
Audi R8 Spyder 4S |
The 2nd generation of the Spyder variant of the R8 is powered by a 5.2 liter V10 and has an output of 397 kW (540 PS) |
_spyder_IMG_2066.jpg)
|
Sports sedans
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1989-1991 |
Audi 200 quattro 20 V C3 |
The first sports sedan in the upper middle class from Audi appeared in March 1989, based on the Audi 200 C3 / Type 44. The 2.2-liter five-cylinder has an output of 162 kW (220 hp). The vehicle has quattro permanent all-wheel drive . The base price in Germany at that time was DM 78,850. From March 1989 to June 1991, 4,767 sedans and 1,616 Avant cars were built. |
|
| 1993-1995 |
Audi S2 B4 |
The first mid-range sports sedan from Audi appeared in mid-1993, based on the Audi 80 B4 . Like all sports models from Audi, this vehicle also has quattro permanent all-wheel drive . The base price in Germany at that time was DM 76,650. A total of 306 copies of the S2 sedan were built between mid-1993 and the beginning of 1995. |
|
| 1991-1994 |
Audi S4 C4 |
Sports version of the Audi 100 C4 . Only available with quattro all-wheel drive. Initially only available with a 2.2-l turbo in-line five-cylinder and 169 kW (230 PS), from 1992 also available with a 4.2-l V8 with 206 kW (280 PS). |
|
| 1994-1997 |
Audi S6 C4 |
The sport version of the facelifted C4 and renamed A6 was now called S6. The in-line five-cylinder was taken over unchanged, the output of the 4.2-liter V8 increased to 213 kW (290 hp). |
|
| 1996-1997 |
Audi S6 Plus C4 |
The S6 Plus is the first independent vehicle from Quattro GmbH . The S6 Plus is largely based on the Audi S6 C4 4.2 model. The output of the 4.2-liter V8 increased to 240 kW (326 hp). A total of 97 sedans were built. |
|
| 1996-2002 |
Audi S8 D2 / 4D |
The luxury class sports sedan from Audi appeared in early 1996 based on the Audi A8 D2 / 4D. Like all sports models from Audi, this vehicle also has quattro permanent all-wheel drive . |
|
| 1999-2004 |
Audi S6 C5 / 4B |
The 4.2-liter V8 engine in the S6 C5 developed 250 kW (340 hp). |
_silber.jpg)
|
| 2002-2004 |
Audi RS6 C5 / 4B |
Sports sedan based on the Audi A6 C5 / 4B. Available as sedan and avant. |
|
| 2003 |
Audi S4 B6 / 8E |
Sports sedan based on the Audi A4 B6 with 4.2-l V8 engine (253 kW / 344 PS) without charging and with permanent all-wheel drive. Also available as Avant and Cabriolet. |
_sedan_02.jpg){kind=small}
|
| 2004-2009 |
Audi S4 B7 / 8E |
Sports sedan based on the Audi A4 B7 . Also available as Avant and Cabriolet. |
|
| 2004-2008 |
Audi RS4 B7 / 8E |
Sports sedan based on the Audi A4 B7 with 4.2 l V8 FSI engine (309 kW / 420 PS) without charging, with direct petrol injection and permanent all-wheel drive. The Avant and Cabriolet followed in 2006. |
|
| 2006-2010 |
Audi S8 D3 / 4E |
Luxury sports sedan based on the Audi A8 D3 / 4E with permanent quattro all-wheel drive and a V10 engine with 331 kW (450 PS). In addition to the 6-liter twelve-cylinder, the S8 is the top model in the A8 series. |
|
| 2006-2010 |
Audi S6 C6 / 4F |
The successor to the Audi S6 C5 now has a V10 engine with 320 kW (435 hp) instead of the V8. Like its predecessor, it also has quattro permanent all-wheel drive . The S6 is based on the Audi A6 C6 / 4F. Available as an Avant and Sedan. |
|
| 2008-2010 |
Audi RS6 C6 / 4F |
Sports sedan based on the Audi A6 C6 . V10 petrol engine with direct petrol injection (FSI) and biturbo charging with 426 kW (580 PS). |
|
| 2009-2015 |
Audi S4 B8 / 8K |
The 3-liter V6 TFSI engine in the mid-range sports sedan generates 245 kW (333 hp) by means of supercharging and direct injection. In addition to the new engine concept, the 7-speed S tronic dual clutch transmission and a sport differential for the standard all-wheel drive are offered as extras . |
_sedan_01.jpg)
|
| 2012-2017 |
Audi S8 D4 / 4H |
Luxury sports saloon based on the D4, powered by a 520 hp V8 petrol engine. Another version has been available since the end of 2015, the S8 plus with 605 hp. |
_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht,_16._August_2014,_Essen.jpg){kind=small}
|
| 2012-2018 |
Audi S6 C7 / 4G |
In spring 2012 the S6 based on the A6 C7 came onto the market. Its four-liter V8 petrol engine is double-charged, giving it an output of 309 kW (420 hp). |
|
| since 2016 |
Audi S4 B9 / 8W |
Compared to its predecessor, it is charged by a turbocharger instead of a compressor. Vehicle based on the A4 B9 . |
|
| since 2017 |
Audi RS3 8V |
At the Paris Motor Show, RS3 presented sedans with an output of 400 hp. |
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|
| since 2019 |
Audi S6 C8 / 4A |
Driven for the first time in Europe by a 3.0 V6 TDI engine with 349 hp |
|
Sports suits
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1992-1994 |
Audi S4 Avant C4 |
Sports suit based on the Audi 100 Avant C4. 2.2-liter five-cylinder petrol turbo engine with 169 kW (230 PS) or 208 kW (280 PS) with a 4.2-liter V8. With quattro permanent all-wheel drive as standard . | |
| 1993-1995 |
Audi S2 Avant B4 / 8C |
Sports suit based on the Audi 80 Avant B4 / 8C. 2.2-liter five-cylinder turbo gasoline engine with 169 kW (230 PS). Has quattro permanent all-wheel drive . | |
| 1994-1997 |
Audi S6 Avant C4 |
Sports suit based on the Audi A6 C4 Avant, now called S6 after a facelift and renaming of the model series to A6. 2.2-liter five-cylinder petrol turbo engine with 169 kW (230 PS) or 4.2-liter eight-cylinder with 212 kW (290 PS). Still only offered with quattro . |
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|
| 1994-1996 |
Audi Avant RS2 B4 / 8C |
Sports suit based on the Audi 80 Avant B4 / 8C. Developed in cooperation with Porsche . 2.2-liter five-cylinder turbo gasoline engine with 232 kW (315 hp). Has quattro permanent all-wheel drive . |
|
| 1996-1997 |
Audi S6 Plus Avant C4 |
The S6 Plus is the first independent vehicle from Quattro GmbH. The S6 Plus is largely based on the Audi S6 C4 4.2 model. The output of the 4.2-liter V8 increased to 240 kW (326 hp). A total of 855 Avant were built. |
|
| 1999-2005 |
Audi S6 Avant C5 / 4B |
Driven by a V8 petrol engine with an output of 250 kW (340 hp). |
|
| 2000-2002 |
Audi RS4 B5 / 8D |
Sports suit based on the Audi A4 B5 . Successor to the Audi RS2 . 2.7-liter V6 with biturbo charging, 280 kW (380 PS) and quattro permanent all-wheel drive . |
|
| 2002-2004 |
Audi RS6 Avant C5 / 4B |
Sports suit based on the Audi A6 C5 . First RS model, which was also offered as a sedan . 4.2 l V8 biturbo engine with 331 kW (450 PS) or 353 kW (480 PS) in the limited version RS6 Plus . |
|
| 2008-2010 |
Audi S6 Avant C6 / 4F |
Sports suit based on the Audi A6 C6 . Driven by a V10 petrol engine with 320 kW (435 hp). |
|
| 2006-2009 |
Audi RS4 Avant B7 / 8E |
Sports suit based on the Audi A4 B7 . Instead of a turbocharger, a high-revving 4.2-liter V8 with direct fuel injection (FSI), 309 kW (420 hp) and a maximum of 8250 rpm is used. |
|
| 2008-2010 |
Audi RS6 Avant C6 / 4F |
Sports suit based on the Audi A6 C6 . V10 petrol engine with direct petrol injection (FSI) and biturbo charging with 426 kW (580 PS). |
.jpg)
|
| 2009-2015 |
Audi S4 Avant B8 / 8K |
New concept for the fifth generation of the S4: the 3-liter six-cylinder engine generates 245 kW (333 hp) by means of supercharging . Also new is the optionally available S tronic 7-speed dual clutch transmission and a sport differential for the standard all-wheel drive. |
|
| 2011–2012 |
Audi RS3 Sportback 8PA |
Based on the Audi A3 8PA, with an output of 340 hp from five cylinders. |
|
| 2012-2015 |
Audi RS4 Avant B8 / 8K |
Sports suit with the 331 kW (450 PS) V8 high-speed engine known from the RS5. The transmission takes place via a 7-stage S tronic and permanent quattro all-wheel drive. |
|
| since 2012 |
Audi S6 C7 / 4G |
In spring 2012 the S6 based on the A6 C7 came onto the market. Its four-liter V8 petrol engine is bi-turbocharged, with which it has an output of 309 kW (420 hp). The facelift took place in autumn 2014. |
_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht,_7._September_2013,_M%C3%BCnster.jpg){kind=small}
|
| 2013-2018 |
Audi RS6 Avant C7 / 4G |
Equipped with a 4.0 l V8 gasoline engine with bi-turbocharging, cylinder deactivation and 412 kW (560 hp). |
|
| since 2015 |
Audi RS3 Sportback 8V |
Based on the Audi A3 8V, with an output of 367 hp. After the facelift in 2017, the output was increased to 400 hp. |
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|
| since 2016 |
Audi S4 Avant B9 / 8W |
Compared to its predecessor, it is charged by a turbocharger instead of a compressor. The engine has an output of 354 hp. Vehicle based on the A4 B9 . |
|
| since 2017 |
Audi RS4 Avant B9 / 8W |
Like its predecessor, it has an output of 450 hp, but this time from a six-cylinder engine. The power is transmitted via the standard Quattro all-wheel drive and an 8-speed Tiptronic transmission. |
|
| since 2019 |
Audi S6 Avant C8 / 4A |
Sports suit in Europe for the first time powered by a 3.0 V6 TDI engine with 349 hp |
|
| since 2019 |
Audi RS6 Avant C8 / 4A |
Compared to the A6 and S6, the RS6 has a heavily modified body. The eight-cylinder engine from the predecessor now produces 441 kW (600 hp). |
|
Sports coupes
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1980-1991 |
Audi quattro B2 / Typ85Q |
Sports coupé based on the Audi 80 B2, also known as the “Urquattro” or “Uri” . First mass-produced vehicle with permanent all-wheel drive. An important milestone in the Audi passenger car program. |
|
| 1990-1995 |
Audi S2 Coupé B3 / 8B / Type89C |
Sports coupé based on the Audi Coupé B3, with inline five-cylinder turbo engine and 162 kW (220 hp), later 169 kW (230 hp). |
|
| 2007-2016 |
Audi S5 8T |
Was presented to the international press together with the A5 at the Geneva Motor Show . Due to the facelift in 2011, the engine was also replaced: The S5 Coupé received the 3.0-l V6 turbo engine (previously: 4.2-l V8 engine with 354 hp), which developed 333 hp and already did is known from the other S5 and S4 models. The sports coupé is based on the modular longitudinal construction kit . |
|
| 2008-2014 |
Audi TTS 8J |
The TTS has a 2-liter turbo engine with an output of 200 kW (272 hp). Optionally available as a coupé or roadster as well as with a 6-speed manual gearbox or the S tronic dual clutch transmission . Facelift in 2010. |
|
| 2009-2014 |
Audi TT RS 8J |
The TT RS is the sportiest variant of the Audi TT and has an output of 250 kW (340 hp) thanks to a 2.5-liter five-cylinder turbo engine. It is optionally available as a coupé or roadster as well as with a 6-speed manual transmission. |
|
| 2010-2015 |
Audi RS5 8T |
The most powerful A5 model has a high-revving V8 engine and a displacement of 4.2 liters, producing 331 kW (450 hp). |
|
| Since 2014 |
Audi TTS FV |
The 2-liter turbo engine in the TTS has an output of 227 kW (310 hp) and is available as a coupé and convertible. The power is brought to the road with the standard Quattro drive and an optional 6-speed manual gearbox or s-Tronic gearbox. |
_front.JPG)
|
| Since 2016 |
Audi S5 F5 |
The S5 is optionally available as a coupé or convertible as a diesel or gasoline engine. The petrol engine has an output of 260 kW (354 hp) and the diesel engine an output of 255 kW (347 hp). The power is transferred to the road via the Quattro drive and an 8-speed Tiptronic transmission. |
|
| Since 2016 |
Audi TT RS FV |
The 2.5-liter five-cylinder engine in the TT RS has an output of 294 kW (400 hp) and puts the power on the road with the permanent Quattro drive and a 7-speed S-Tronic transmission |
|
| Since 2017 |
Audi RS5 F5 |
The second generation of the Audi RS5 was presented at the 2017 Geneva Motor Show. The vehicle has a newly developed V6 bi-turbo engine. |
|
Sports car
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1984-1985 |
Audi Sport quattro Typ85Q |
Sports car based on the Audi quattro with a shortened wheelbase, Kevlar and fiberglass body and 225 kW (306 hp). 220 pieces were built for reasons of homologation for the FIA Group B rally world championship. The rally version S1 was the basis for the typology of all other S models. |
|
| 2006-2015 |
Audi R8 Type42 |
Sports car with a mid-engine and aluminum body ( Audi Space Frame ). The 4.2-liter V8 engine from the RS4 also generates 309 kW (420 hp) here. The top speed is 301 km / h. The R8 has been available with a 5.2 l V10 engine (386 kW / 525 PS) and a top speed of 316 km / h (Spyder: 313 km / h) since spring 2009. The Audi R8 GT, limited to 333 vehicles, appeared in May 2010. The V10 has an output of 412 kW (560 hp) and reaches 320 km / h. |
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|
| since 2015 |
Audi R8 4S |
The second series of the mid-engined sports car is only available with a 5.2-liter V10 engine and is available in two output levels with 397 kW (540 hp) and 449 kW (610 hp). LED headlights, a dual clutch transmission and the Audi virtual cockpit , which replaces the analog instrument cluster with an LC display, are standard . |
_coupes_IMG_2057.jpg)
|
SUV
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2005-2015 |
Audi Q7 4L |
First SUV from Audi with a third row of seats and off-road driving qualities. Is produced on a joint platform with VW Touareg and Porsche Cayenne in Bratislava (Slovakia). A twelve-cylinder turbodiesel was available from 2009 to 2012. Facelift in spring 2009. |
_front_20110115.jpg)
|
| 2008-2016 |
Audi Q5 8R |
The compact SUV from Audi has been delivered since autumn 2008. With the Q5, the S tronic dual clutch transmission is used for the first time in an Audi vehicle with a longitudinally installed engine. Is produced on a common platform with the Porsche Macan . |
|
| 2011-2018 |
Audi Q3 8U |
The second compact SUV from Audi has been available since autumn 2011. The Q3 is based on the Tiguan platform and is built in Spain . |
|
| since 2015 |
Audi Q7 4M |
Like the first generation, the second is also built in Bratislava at Volkswagen Slovakia . The top version is the SQ7 with a V8 diesel engine, register bit turbocharger and an electric compressor. |
_FL_IMG_3232.jpg)
|
| since 2016 |
Audi Q2 GA |
The youngest and smallest compact SUV from Audi has been available since autumn 2016. The Q2 is based on the MQB platform and is being built at the Ingolstadt plant. |
|
| since 2017 |
Audi Q5 FY |
The Q5 FY is based (like the Audi A4 B9 ) on the MLB evo platform. The Q5 will be manufactured at the Audi plant in San José Chiapa (Mexico), which was inaugurated on September 30, 2016. |
|
| since 2018 |
Audi Q8 4M |
The Q8 is based on the MLB platform that the Q7 uses. However, the Q8 is 40 mm thinner than the Q7 and can also be recognized by its coupé shape. In June 2019, the SQ8 sports variant was presented. |
|
| since 2018 |
Audi Q3 F3 |
The second generation of the Q3 is available with four petrol engines and two diesel engines. The top petrol engine in the RS Q3 has an output of 294 kW (400 PS). Like its predecessor, the Q3 is based on the VW Tiguan . |
|
| since 2018 | Audi e-tron | The brand's first series-produced electric car was presented in San Francisco in September 2018. |
|
| since 2019 | Audi Q3 Sportback | The Q3 Sportback is an SUV coupe based on the Q3. It is also available as the RS Q3 Sportback with an output of 294 kW (400 hp). |
|
| since 2020 | Audi e-tron Sportback | The e-tron Sportback is an SUV coupé based on the e-tron. It was unveiled at the 2019 LA Auto Show. |
|
Internal model names
The internal designation is also often found. This is made up of two letters and three digits, e.g. B. AU350.
| brand | class | generation | derivative | extension | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| short | long | New | old | Market name | (if needed) | ||||
| VW | Volkswagen | 0/1 | A00 | 1 | 0 | Hatchback | 0 | short wheelbase | |
| AU | Audi | 2 | A0 | A1 / A2 | 2 | 1 | Notchback | 1 | wide wheelbase |
| SK | Škoda Auto | 3 | A. | A3 / Q3 | 3 | 2 | Station wagon | ||
| BY | Bentley | 4th | B. | A4 / A5 / Q5 | 4th | 3 | Sportback | ||
| BU | Bugatti | 5 | C. | A6 / A7 | 5 | 4th | Coupe, sports car | ||
| LB | Lamborghini | 6th | D. | A8 | 6th | 5 | Convertible, roadster, spider | ||
| SE | Seat | 7th | T | Q7 | 7th | 6th | Off-Roader, FunCar, SUV | 6th | Allroad |
| 8th | LT | 8th | 7th | Cityvan, pickup | |||||
| 9 | L. | 9 | 8th | MPV | |||||
| 9 | other | ||||||||
The internal name AU350 stands for a fifth generation Audi A3 with a short rear end.
The platform designation also results from this scheme. For example, the group platform of the Golf with a transversely installed engine received the factory code PQ35 . The designation PL is given for a longitudinally installed motor .
Special features of the model names
- The sports version of the Audi 80 was already called “ Audi S2 ” or “ Audi RS2 ” and that of the Audi 100 was called “Audi S4” even before the new nomenclature was introduced.
- Today's higher-performance versions also have the designation "S". The so-called "RS" versions, which are manufactured by Quattro GmbH , are even stronger . The sport versions are generally equipped with the quattro drive .
- Audi Fox (identical to Audi 80 B1)
- Audi 4000 (identical to Audi 80 B2 )
- Audi 5000 (identical to Audi 100 C2 and C3)
For South Africa only :
- Audi 500 (identical to Audi 100 C3 )
Key numbers
At the Federal Motor Transport Authority , Audi brand cars are listed under the manufacturer key numbers (HSN) 0037, 0588, 0590, 0591, 7907, 7967 and 8307. An exception is the Audi 50, which runs under the HSN 0600, which is actually assigned to VW, which is explained by its history.
Models before World War II
Timeline of the Audi models and sister brands of Auto Union
List of Audi models before World War II
| construction time | model series | annotation | image |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1910-1912 | Type a | The first car that August Horch built after founding his new company. |
|
| 1911-1917 | Type B | This Audi won the Austrian Alpine Race in 1911. | |
| 1912-1925 | Type C "Alpine Winner" | This Audi was able to achieve successes in the Austrian Alpine race 1912–1914, which earned it the name “Alpine Winner”. |
|
| 1911-1920 | Type D | This Audi was only built 53 times. | |
| 1911-1924 | Type E | With 50 hp, the Type E was the most powerful Audi built before the First World War . |
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|
| 1914-1926 | Type G | The small type G (22 PS) was the most successful model of the Audi works with 1122 copies until the company was absorbed by Auto Union. | |
| 1921-1926 | Type K | The first post-war development, the Type K, was one of the first German automobiles with left-hand drive. With only 192 cars built, however, it was not a best seller. | |
| 1924-1928 | Type M | The type M had a six-cylinder engine with a crankcase made of light metal, the valve control was done by an overhead camshaft and the car was equipped with a four-wheel brake. But even this noble car could hardly be sold, only 228 units were built. |
.JPG)
|
| 1927-1929 | Type R "Imperator" | With the 100 hp Imperator, Audi steered straight into bankruptcy. Just 145 of them were built. |
|
| 1929-1932 | Type SS "Zwickau" | After Audi was taken over by DKW, the new type SS, which was named “Zwickau”, was equipped with a 5.1-liter eight-cylinder engine from Rickenbacker . |
|
| 1930-1932 | Type T "Dresden" | The new car with a six-cylinder engine from Rickenbacker was named "Dresden". However, the new “ready-made engine” had numerous technical defects, so it remained with only 76 copies. |
|
| 1931 | Type p | The type P was a DKW equipped with a 30 hp four-stroke engine from Peugeot , which was sold under the name Audi. Only 327 copies were built from May to October 1931. |
|
| 1933-1934 | Audi front (type UW) | The first European car in the upper middle class with front-wheel drive and a six-cylinder engine. |
|
| 1935-1938 | Audi 225 | The Audi 225 is the technical advancement of the Audi Front Type UW. | |
| 1938-1940 | Audi 920 | The Audi 920 relied on the proven rear-wheel drive again. It was manufactured in the Horch factory, as DKWs have now rolled off the assembly line at the Audi factory. |
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|
Timeline of the Audi ancestors after the Second World War
| Timeline of the Auto-Union , DKW , NSU and Audi models and Volkswagen models derived from them from 1949 to 1979 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Auto Union | Auto Union GmbH , independent | Auto Union GmbH , majority owned by Daimler-Benz AG | Auto Union GmbH , majority owned by Volkswagenwerk AG |
Audi NSU Auto Union AG , majority from Volkswagenwerk AG |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NSU | NSU Werke AG , independent | NSU Motorenwerke AG , independent | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Type | Body versions | 1940s | 1950s | 1960s | 1970s | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 9 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4th | 5 | 6th | 7th | 8th | 9 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4th | 5 | 6th | 7th | 8th | 9 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4th | 5 | 6th | 7th | 8th | 9 | ||
| Small car | Hatchback | Audi 50 (Type 86) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| VW Polo (Type 86) ... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notchback | NSU Prinz (type 40) | NSU Prinz 4 (Type 47) | VW Derby (Type 87) ... | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NSU Prinz 1000/1000 TT (type 67) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Coupe | NSU Sport Prince (Type 41) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Small car / lower middle class | Notchback | NSU type 110 / NSU 1200 (type 77) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DKW Junior | DKW F11 / F12 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cabriolet | NSU Wankel Spider (Type 56) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DKW F12 Roadster | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Middle class | Cabriolet | DKW F89 F | DKW F91 | DKW 3 = 6 (F93) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sedan / notchback | DKW F89 P | DKW F91 |
DKW 3 = 6 (F93 / F94) |
Auto Union 1000/1000 S. | DKW F 102 | Audi / Audi 60/75/80 / Super 90 (F103) |
Audi 80 (B1; type 80/82) |
Audi 80 (B2; type 81/85) ... |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Station wagon | DKW F89U | DKW F91U | DKW 3 = 6 (F94U) | Auto Union 1000 U | Audi / Audi 60/75/80 (F103) | VW Passat (B1; Type 33) ... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hatchback / Coupe | DKW F91 | DKW 3 = 6 (F93) | Auto Union 1000/1000 S. | VW Passat (B1; Type 32) ... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notchback | VW K 70 (Type 86; VW Type 48) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| upper middle class | Notchback | Audi 100 (C1) | Audi 100 (C2) ... | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hatchback | Audi 100 Coupé S (C1) | Audi 100 (C2) ... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notchback | NSU Ro 80 (type 80) | Audi 200 (C2; Type 43) ... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sports car | Coupe | DKW 3 = 6 Monza | Auto Union 1000 SP | NSU TT / TTS (type 67) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Convertible | Auto Union 1000 SP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Off-road vehicle | DKW Munga | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vans | Panel van, flatbed, bus | DKW Schnellaster (F 89 L / Type 30 / Type 3) | DKW F1000L |
sold to Daimler-Benz, continued as Mercedes-Benz N1300 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
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Technology carriers and prototypes
- Audi Karmann Asso di Picche (1973)
- Audi Quartz (1981)
- Audi study car 2000 (1981)
- Audi Duo (hybrid vehicle based on the 100 Avant quattro with gasoline and electric motor) (1989)
- Audi quattro spyder (1991)
- Audi Avus quattro (1991)
- Audi ASF (Audi Space Frame) (1993)
- Audi TT Concept (1995)
- Audi TTS Roadster (1995)
- Audi AL2 Open End (1997)
- Audi AL2 (1997)
- Audi Steppenwolf (Audi) (2000)
- Audi Rosemeyer (2000)
- Audi Avantissimo (2001)
- Audi Nuvolari quattro (2003)
- Audi Pikes Peak quattro (2003)
- Audi Le Mans quattro (2003)
- Audi RSQ (2004, only built for the film I, Robot )
- Audi A2H2 (2004)
- Audi Allroad quattro Concept (2005)
- Audi Q7 Hybrid Concept (2005)
- Audi Shooting Brake Concept (2005)
- Audi Roadjet Concept (2006)
- Audi Q7 V12 TDI (2006)
- Audi Cross Coupé quattro (2007)
- Audi TT clubsport quattro (2007)
- Audi project quattro (2007) (exhibited at the trade fair as Audi Metroproject quattro. After that, Metro AG has prohibited it from its name.)
- Audi Cross Cabriolet quattro (2007)
- Audi R8 V12 TDI Concept (2008)
- Audi Q7 Coastline (2008)
- Audi A3 TDI clubsport (2008)
- Audi A1 Sportback Concept (2008)
- Audi Sportback Concept (2009)
- Audi e-tron (Frankfurt Showcar) (2009)
- Audi compact e-tron (2009)
- Audi A1 e-tron (2010)
- Audi quattro Concept (2010)
- Audi e-tron spyder (2010)
- Audi A2 Concept (2011)
- Audi Sport quattro concept (2013)
- Audi AI: Trail quattro concept (2019)
Audi Nuvolari study at the IAA 2003
Audi Shooting Brake Concept at the Tokyo Motor Show 2005
Audi Roadjet Concept in 2006 at the NAIAS
Audi Sport quattro concept at the IAA 2013
Audi AI: Trail quattro Concept at the IAA 2019
Production data
Audi AG production sites
In addition to the two German parent plants in Ingolstadt and Neckarsulm , Audi also has car factories in Győr ( Hungary ), Brussels ( Belgium ) and San José Chiapa ( Mexico ). Vehicles of the Audi brand are also manufactured in the Volkswagen plants in Bratislava ( Slovakia ) and Kaluga ( Russia ), the Škoda plant in Aurangabad ( India ) and the Seat plant in Martorell ( Spain ). In Asia, Audi vehicles are also built in cooperation with FAW in Foshan and Changchun ( China ).
| Surname | Country of production | Production site | Years of production | Employee | Products | annotation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Europe | ||||||
|
Audi AG |
Germany
|
Ingolstadt | since 1965 | 44,458 | Current products: A3 Sedan, S3 Sedan, A3 Sportback, S3 Sportback, A4 Sedan, A4 Avant, A4 Avant g-tron , A4 allroad quattro , S4 Sedan, S4 Avant, RS4 Avant, A5 Coupé, S5 Coupé, RS5 Coupé, A5 Sportback, A5 Sportback g-tron, S5 Sportback, RS5 Sportback, Q2 , SQ2 Historical products: F103 , 50 , 80 , 100 , ... |
Audi AG headquarters since 1985 |
| Münchsmünster | since 2013 | > 900 | Component plant: chassis, structural components | |||
| Neckarsulm | since 1880 (1969 merger with Auto Union GmbH) | 16,935 | Current products: A4 Sedan, A5 Cabriolet, S5 Cabriolet, A6 Sedan, A6 Sedan TFSIe, S6 Sedan, A6 Avant, S6 Avant, RS6 Avant, A6 allroad quattro , A7 Sportback, A7 Sportback TFSIe, S7 Sportback, RS7 Sportback, A8 Sedan , A8 Sedan TFSIe, A8L Sedan, A8L Sedan TFSIe, S8 Sedan, S8L Sedan Historical products: A2 , RS5 Cabriolet |
Former headquarters of NSU AG | ||
 Audi Sport GmbH |
Heilbronn | since 1996 | 1,131 | Current products: R8 Coupè, R8 Spyder
|
Production of the "R8" in the sports car factory at Audi Sport in Heilbronn's industrial area Böllinger Höfe. | |
|
AUDI BRUSSELS SA / NV |
 Belgium
|
Brussels | since 2007 | 3,065 | Current products: e-tron , e-tron S, e-tron Sportback, e-tron Sportback S.
|
|
 OOO VOLKSWAGEN Group Rus |
 Russia
|
Kaluga | since 2009 | - | Q7 | in the SKD process |
 VOLKSWAGEN SLOVAKIA, as |
 Slovakia
|
Bratislava | since 2005 | - | Q7 , Q7 TFSIe, SQ7 , Q8 , SQ8, RSQ8 | together with Porsche Cayenne & VW Touareg |
 SEAT, SA |
 Spain
|
Martorell | since 2011 | - | A1 Sportback, A1 citycarver | |
|
Audi Hungaria Zrt. |
 Hungary
|
Győr | since 1994 | 12,807 | Component plant: engines, CKD engines | |
| 1998-2013 | Final assembly of the TT Coupé, TT Roadster (1998–2014), A3 Cabriolet (2008–2013), RS 3 Sportback (2011–2013) | painted body came from Ingolstadt | ||||
| since 2013 | A3 Cabriolet, S3 Cabriolet, TT Coupe, TTS Coupe, TTRS Coupe, TT Roadster, TTS Roadster, TTRS Roadster, Q3 , RSQ3, Q3 Sportback, RSQ3 Sportback | |||||
| Asia | ||||||
|
Audi China |
 China
|
Beijing | since 2009 | > 800 | ||
|
FAW-Volkswagen Automotive Company, Ltd. |
Changchun | since 1991 | - | A4L sedan, A6L sedan, A6L sedan TFSIe, Q5L, e-tron | ||
| Foshan | since 2014 | - | A3 Sedan, A3 Sportback, Q2L, Q2L e-tron | |||
| Tianjin | since 2019 | - | Q3, Q3 Sportback | |||
| Qingdao | from 2020 | - | A3 Sedan, A3 Sportback | |||
|
Volkswagen Automatic Transmission Tianjin |
Tianjin | since 2016 | - | Component factory: 7-speed S-tronic transmission | ||
 ŠKODA AUTO INDIA PVT, LTD. |
 India
|
Aurangabad | since 2007 | - | A3 sedan, A4 sedan, A6 sedan, Q3, Q5, Q7 | |
| North America | ||||||
|
AUDI MÉXICO SA de CV |
 Mexico
|
San Jose Chiapa | since 2016 | 5,229 | Q5 , Q5 TFSIe, SQ5 | |
| South America | ||||||
|
AUDI DO BRASIL INDUSTRIA E COMERCIO DE VEICUOS LTDA. |
 Brazil
|
Curitiba | since 2015 | 2,598 | A3 sedan | in association with Volkswagen do Brasil Indústria de Veículos Automotores Ltda. |
The Audi subsidiaries Automobili Lamborghini SpA also produce in Sant'Agata Bolognese ( Italy ) and Ducati Motor Holding SpA in Bologna (Italy), Amphur Pluakdaeng ( Thailand ) and Manaus ( Brazil ). The Italdesign Giugiaro SpA , based in Moncalieri , Turin (Italy) is also a part of the Audi Group since of 2010.
| Surname | Country of production | Production site | Employee | Products | annotation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Europe | |||||
 Automobili Lamborghini SpA |
 Italy
|
Sant'Agata Bolognese | 1,787 | Aventador Coupè , Aventador Roadster, Huracán Coupè , Huracán Spyder, Sián FKP 37 , Sián Roadster, Urus | |
| Component plant: V12 engines | |||||
 Ducati Motor Holding SpA |
Bologna | 1,276 | Scrambler , Diavel , Monster , Hypermotard , Multistrada , Streetfighter , Panigale, SuperSport | ||
 Italdesign Giugiaro SpA |
Moncalieri | 1,045 | - | ||
| Asia | |||||
|
Ducati Motor (Thailand) Co., Ltd. |
 Thailand
|
Pluak Daeng | 200 | Scrambler, Diavel, Monster, Hypermotard, Multistrada, Streetfighter, Panigale, SuperSport | |
| South America | |||||
|
DAFRA da Amazônia Indústria e Comércio de Motocicletas Ltda. |
Brazil
|
Manaus | 11 | Scrambler, Diavel, Monster, Multistrada, Panigale, SuperSport | in the CKD procedure |
Production numbers
| year | Automobiles | Drives | motorcycles |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 1,802,073 | 1,969,731 | 51,723 |
| 2018 | 1,871,386 | 1,955,532 | 53,320 |
| 2017 | 1,879,840 | 1,966,434 | 56,743 |
| 2016 | 1,903,259 | 1,927,838 | 56,978 |
| 2015 | 1,830,334 | 2,023,618 | 55,551 |
| 2014 | 1,804,624 | 1,974,846 | 45,339 |
| 2013 | 1,608,048 | 1,926,724 | 45,018 |
| 2012 | 1,469,205 | 1,916,604 | 15,734 1 |
| 2011 | 1,365,499 | 1,884,157 | |
| 2010 | 1,150,018 | 1,648,193 | |
| 2009 | 932.260 | 1,384,240 | |
| 2008 | 1,029,041 | 1,901,760 | |
| 2007 | 980.880 | 1,915,633 | |
| 2006 | 926.180 | 1,895,695 | |
| 2005 | 811,522 | 1,695,045 | |
| 2004 | 784.972 | 1,485,536 | |
| 2003 | 761,582 | 1,342,883 | |
| 2002 | 735.913 | 1,284,488 | |
| 2001 | 727.033 | 1,225,448 | |
| 2000 | 650,850 | 1,187,666 |
In 2011 Audi AG sold around 1,302,650 automobiles, exceeding the previous sales record from the previous year by more than 210,200 units.
- With 313,036 deliveries, China became the largest single market for Audi for the first time.
- In Europe, sales rose by 12.1 percent to around 726,300 cars
- in the United States: 117,561 cars, an increase of 15.7 percent over 2010.
"'2011 was an unprecedented year in Audi history: never before have we gained so many new customers in one year'"
New registrations of Audi cars in Germany
| year | units | Market share |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | 289,617 | 8.64% |
| 2015 | 269,047 | 8.39% |
| 2014 | 259.459 | 8.54% |
| 2013 | 251,952 | 8.53% |
| 2012 | 266,582 | 8.60% |
| 2011 | 250,708 | 7.90% |
| 2010 | 226,872 | 7.78% |
| 2009 | 234,861 | 6.19% |
| 2008 | 251.393 | 8.14% |
| 2007 | 249,305 | 7.92% |
| 2006 | 262,356 | 7.57% |
| 2005 | 248.765 | 7.44% |
| 2004 | 235,652 | 7.21% |
| 2003 | 238,742 | 7.38% |
New registrations of Audi cars in the German Reich from 1933 to 1938
| year | Registration numbers |
|---|---|
| 1933 | 627 |
| 1934 | 1122 |
| 1935 | 716 |
| 1936 | 844 |
| 1937 | 758 |
| 1938 | 332 |
Motorsport
With the motorsport department of Audi Sport GmbH, Audi takes part in the DTM and the FIA Formula E at the factory . In addition to factory motorsport, Audi Sport customer racing has been providing customers with various models for GT2, GT3, GT4 and TCR motorsport since 2009.
Sponsorship and Product Placement
Sports
In addition to various football clubs, Audi also sponsors winter sports, golf, sailing, regional teams / events and eSports.
Soccer
Audi Cup
In 2009, the year of the company's 100th anniversary, Audi hosted the Audi Cup for the first time in the Munich Allianz Arena . In a two-day tournament, FC Bayern Munich , AC Milan , Manchester United and Club CA Boca Juniors met each other. Since then, the invitation tournament has been held every two years.
FC Bayern Munich
Audi and FC Bayern Munich have been vehicle partners since 2002. In 2011 Audi acquired an 8.33% stake in FC Bayern München AG and expanded its sponsorship.
In connection with the Hoeneß tax affair surrounding the chairman of the supervisory board of FC Bayern München AG , Audi, along with other major sponsors, was criticized by politicians and the media for not having insisted that Hoeneß, as a suspect of criminal tax proceedings, resigned from chairing the supervisory board, or at least lets rest.
Audi has sponsored the annual preparation tour (Audi Summer Tour) since 2017, which took Bayern to China in 2017 and the USA in 2018.2019.
National
In Germany, the first division professional clubs are supported by FC Augsburg , Hertha BSC , TSG Hoffenheim , Borussia Mönchengladbach and the second division clubs Hamburger SV and 1. FC Nürnberg as vehicle partners.
International
Internationally, Audi is involved with top teams, for example Audi is the vehicle partner of Real Madrid (since 2003) and Tottenham Hotspur from London (since 2018). As a vehicle partner, Audi also supports FC Barcelona , Red Bull Salzburg and RSC Anderlecht through its importers .
Winter sports
Audi AG has been the main sponsor of the German Ski Association, including all national teams, for over 30 years . Audi is also the sponsor and vehicle partner of the alpine national teams from China, Finland, France, Italy, Canada, Liechtenstein, the Netherlands, Norway, Austria, Sweden, Switzerland, Spain and the Czech Republic.
In addition to the Audi FIS Ski World Cup, which the brand has sponsored for more than 18 years, Audi is also the namesake of the Audi FIS Ski Cross World Cup (since 2011). Since the 2013/2014 season she has also been a partner of the Freeride World Tour , main sponsor of the Nordic Combined World Cup and since 2014/2015 partner of the FIS Cross-Country Skiing and FIS Ski Jumping World Cup . With the Audi Arena Oberstdorf , the competitions of the Four Hills Tournament and the Ski Flying World Championship in Oberstdorf are also dominated by the four rings.
golf
Audi has been involved in golf for two decades . In addition to the role of presenting sponsor for the KRAMSKI German Golf League (DGL), which Audi has held since 2016, Audi offers the Audi quattro Cup, a tournament series for amateur golfers.
sailing
In sailing, Audi supports the Kieler Woche and Segel-Bundesliga, which Audi has been supporting as an automotive partner with a shuttle and trailer service since 2019. Six J / 70 boats are sailing under the Audi flag . The Sailing Team Germany eV has also been sponsored since 2012.
further sports sponsoring
Audi Nines & Audi Nines MBT
The Audi Nines presented by Falken are an innovative and creative series of events that takes place in both winter and summer. The first ski and snowboard freestyle event took place in 2018 on the Tiefenbach glacier in Sölden . The Audi Nines MTB (mountain bike) in the Idarkopf Bikepark followed in summer .
basketball
In addition to footballers, Audi has also been promoting FC Bayern Munich basketball since 2011 . He has played his home games in the Audi Dome since 2018 .
eSports
In Denmark, Audi Denmark has been supporting the Danish e-sports organization Astralis since 2017 and the Origen team , which will take part in the League of Legends European Championship (LEC), since 2019 .
Audi has been supporting the eSport team of FC Bayern München Basketball (Bayern Ballers Gaming) in Germany since the beginning of 2018 and, together with Media-Markt, the eSport team of FC Ingolstadt 04, the Schanzer eSports, since the end of 2018 .
Regional partner
In addition to the professional soccer players of FC Ingolstadt 04 , who are currently active in the 3rd soccer league , Audi also has a long-term partnership with ERC Ingolstadt , the 2014 German ice hockey champion, who is currently active in the DEL . Since the promotion to the German Football League 2 in 2014, the company has also been a sponsor of the Ingolstadt Dukes .
Arts and Culture
Audi is also involved in the field of culture. The focus is on classical music, but jazz, drama and visual arts are also promoted. Audi sponsors renowned music institutions such as the Salzburg Festival , the Schleswig-Holstein Music Festival , the Salzburg Easter Festival and the Bavarian State Opera . In Ingolstadt, Audi itself organizes a classical music festival, the Audi Summer Concerts . It has had its own works orchestra, the Audi Wind Philharmonic, since 1962. In 2007 Audi also founded the Audi Youth Choir Academy , a project choir for young up-and-coming singers.
The cultural commitment at the company's headquarters in Ingolstadt is sustainable. In addition to the summer concerts, Audi organizes the Christmas concerts, its own art house cinema and a jazz series here. The company is also an important promoter of urban cultural life with many sponsorships. Audi is a sponsoring partner of the Georgian Chamber Orchestra Ingolstadt , the Ingolstadt Jazz Days and the Ingolstadt City Theater . Audi has been organizing the Solo for Stars series together with the theater since 1997. Audi is also a founding member of the Foundation for Concrete Art and Design , which catalogs the estates of important artists and designers and makes them publicly accessible.
In 2010, Audi donated the German architecture competition prize, the Audi Urban Future Award, with the highest value of 100,000 euros . It aims to “stimulate a discussion about the interaction between mobility, architecture and urban development by looking into the future”. The first prize winner is the architect Jürgen Mayer .
Product placement in films
In the early 1990s, the German manufacturers BMW and Mercedes-Benz in particular tried to improve their brand image by increasing the presence of their automobiles in Hollywood films. So BMW was in the mid-1990s heavily on the medium of film, replacing the German carmaker, have traditionally British selected car brands in the James Bond series, and even brought their own - Short film series - directed by and starring Hollywood stars produced The Hire out . However, as early as 1987 Timothy Dalton drove two different Audi 200 models in James Bond 007 - The Touch of Death , which, however, did not show any of the famous "optional extras" of a Bond car. Audi otherwise followed the trend of product placement relatively late, but was able to establish itself. For example, the protagonist of the Transporter film series from the second part of The Mission (2005) drives an Audi, while in the first film from 2002 he still drove a BMW 7 Series . For the science fiction film I, Robot from 2004, Audi produced a special futuristic concept model, the Audi RSQ, as well as several modified A2, A6 and TT.
Space travel
The rover Audi Lunar Quattro is to land on the moon with a private space mission of the Part-Time Scientists team .
See also
- Audi Forum Neckarsulm
- Audi museum mobile
- NSU engine works
- Audi summer concerts
- Audi Sport GmbH
- List of Audi S and RS models
literature
- August Horch: Horch. I built cars - from apprentice locksmith to auto industrialist. Schützen-Verlag, Berlin 1937.
- Matthias Braun: Audi. Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-613-02563-9 .
- Walter Drawer: Audi passenger cars since 1965, type compass. Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-613-01874-8 .
- Christian Steiger, Thomas Wirth: Audi 1965–1975 - The decisive years. Heel Verlag, Königswinter 1995, ISBN 3-89365-445-3 .
- Edition Audi Tradition (Ed.), Othmar Wickenheiser: Audi Design - Automobildesign from 1965 to the present. Nicolai, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-89479-160-8 .
- Othmar Wickenheiser, Swantje Kuhfuss-Wickenheiser: Audi Design Project. Automobile visions under the motto Intelligent Emotion Heel Verlag, Königswinter 2009, ISBN 978-3-86852-170-2 .
- Audi AG Ingolstadt (ed.), Peter Kirchberg: The wheel of time - the history of Audi AG. 2nd Edition. Delius Klasing publishing house, Bielefeld 1997, ISBN 3-7688-1011-9 .
- Mareike Hieber, Susanne Jauch, Ralph Plagmann, Gerhard Schwinghammer: 100 years of Neckarsulm automobile manufacture. Audi AG - communication site Neckarsulm, status: 09/2006.
- Wolf-Dieter Grün: The development of the Horch and Audi trademarks. In: Ulrich Löber (Ed.): August Horch. An automobile designer from Winningen. Landesmuseum Koblenz, 1986, ISBN 3-925915-17-6 , p. 117 ff.
- Philipp Rosengarten, Christoph Stürmer: Premium Power. The secret of the success of Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Porsche and Audi. 3. Edition. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-527-50619-4 .
- Siegfried Rauch, Frank Rönicke: DKW: History of a global brand . 1st edition. Motorbuch-Verlag, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-613-02815-9 .
- Like from another time . In: brand eins. Hamburg, 5/2012, pp. 72–77: brandeins.de (PDF)
- Audi tests. In: auto motor und sport .
- From the wolf hunter settlement to a high-tech location. Verlag Heimatland Sachsen, Chemnitz 2001, ISBN 3-910186-32-7 .
Web links
- Official website of Audi AG
- audi-mediacenter.com
- Literature by and about Audi AG in the catalog of the German National Library
- Audi (Auto Union) catalog 1939
Individual evidence
- ↑ Markus Duesmann new CEO of Audi. In: audi-mediacenter.com. November 19, 2019, accessed April 1, 2020 .
- ↑ a b c company management
- ↑ a b c d Annual Report 2019 , accessed on March 19, 2020
- ^ Audi AG film: The Silver Arrows from Zwickau. Interview with August Horch, video 1992.
- ^ Audi Automobilwerke AG Zwickau State Archive Chemnitz, 9.9. - Vehicle and engine construction.
- ↑ From the Wolfsjägersiedlung to the high-tech location . Verlag Heimatland Sachsen GmbH Chemnitz, 2001.
- ^ Richard Bruhn on his 65th birthday, article: "DIE AUTO UNION AG", p. 5: Quote: "The company was initially based in Zschopau, from 1936 Chemnitz", AB 340 (65113) Printed in Germany 1951.
- ↑ Jürgen Pönisch in: August Horch - Pioneer of the motor vehicle. August-Horch-Museum, Zwickau 2001, ISBN 3-00-008754-0 .
- ↑ Dr. Werner Lang in Wir Horch-Arbeiter are building vehicles again. Second edition. Bergstrasse Verlagsgesellschaft, 2007, ISBN 978-3-9811372-1-7 , pp. 101-108.
- ^ Siegfried Rauch: DKW - The history of a world brand. 3. Edition. Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 1988, ISBN 3-87943-759-9 , pp. 121-122.
- ^ Share price 700, tendency fixed - Karl Flick in: Der Spiegel. 38/1958 (online).
- ↑ Audi AG: The Wheel of Time. 2000, p. 222; auto motor and sport. 1/1971, pp. 6-7.
- ↑ Marie-Thérèse Nercessian: In the service of the automobile. In: THE WORLD. Axel Springer AG, February 5, 2005, accessed on November 18, 2012 .
- ↑ New VW boss Winterkorn reaps success. In: THE WORLD. Axel Springer AG, March 10, 2007, accessed on November 18, 2012 .
- ^ Frank Janssen, Heiner Müller-Elsner: Audi A6 quattro: Courageous steep pass. In: stern.de. March 7, 2005, accessed April 11, 2019 .
- ↑ Audi buys motorcycle manufacturer Ducati - Piech's brand dozen completely.
- ↑ "Shareholder Structure"
- ↑ a b FOCUS Online: VW takes Audi the last bit of independence. Retrieved March 2, 2020 .
- ↑ https://fcbayern.com/de/news/2009/11/audi-ag-stens-beim-fc-bayern-ein
- ↑ a b Annual Report 2018 , accessed on March 11, 2019
- ↑ a b c Annual Report 2017 , accessed on December 13, 2018
- ↑ a b Annual Report 2015 ( Memento from March 27, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b Annual Report 2014 ( Memento from April 16, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 27.9 MiB).
- ↑ a b c Annual Report 2013 ( Memento of July 10, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 19.1 MiB).
- ↑ a b Annual Report 2011 (PDF; 40 MiB).
- ↑ a b Annual Report 2010 (PDF; 29.3 MiB).
- ↑ a b Annual Report 2009 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 16.7 MiB).
- ↑ a b Annual Report 2008 (PDF; 10.8 MiB).
- ↑ Procon-ten Audi and the steel cable. In: v8kultur.com. Archived from the original on July 20, 2012 ; accessed on February 28, 2015 .
- ↑ Audi e-tron ( Memento from March 24, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Audi Group defies the crisis in the 3rd quarter as well ( Memento from November 9, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Electric racer is put on hold. ( Memento from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) In: auto motor und sport , November 9, 2012.
- ↑ Small car does not have a successor. ( Memento from March 15, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) In: auto motor und sport , February 8, 2013.
- ↑ tagesschau.de: Exhaust gas scandal: VW subsidiary Audi moves into focus. Retrieved April 11, 2017 .
- ↑ tagesschau.de: VW subsidiary Audi apparently deeply involved in the diesel affair. Retrieved April 11, 2017 .
- ^ Emissions affair - Dobrindt: Audi used illegal emissions software. In: sueddeutsche.de . June 1, 2017, accessed June 1, 2017 .
- ↑ Max Hägler and Klaus Ott: "Audi stops delivery" Sueddeutsche.de of May 8, 2018
- ↑ WORLD: Audi pays 800 million euros fine in diesel affair . October 16, 2018 ( welt.de [accessed May 7, 2019]).
- ↑ Extent of the diesel affair at Audi greater than known. In: Bayerischer Rundfunk. Retrieved November 30, 2019 .
- ↑ The Federal Motor Transport Authority has not intervened against fraudulent emissions control at Porsche and Audi diesel sedans and diesel SUVs for over three years. Retrieved July 3, 2019 .
- ↑ Georg Kacher: Light and Shadow. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung , April 20, 2013.
- ↑ Stephan Bahnisch: The new Audi A6 is getting shorter. In: Auto Bild . Retrieved February 28, 2015 .
- ↑ Stephan Bähnisch: Audi R8 GT: Spyder ultra. In: Berliner Morgenpost , June 3, 2011.
- ↑ Test report ( Memento of the original from February 2, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (October 13, 2008)
- ↑ www.audi.com
- ↑ www.audi-mediacenter.com
- ↑ Auto traffic light: HSN directory.
- ↑ News from Detroit: The Audi A7 Coupé: News from Detroit: The Audi A7 Coupé. In: mitstil.com. January 21, 2009, archived from the original on April 2, 2015 ; accessed on February 28, 2015 .
- ↑ Audi AG - number of employees up to 2013 Retrieved on February 20, 2015 (PDF).
- ↑ AUDI AG locations worldwide at www.audi.com. Retrieved December 16, 2018.
- ↑ AUDI AG locations worldwide> Ingolstadt at audi.com, accessed on December 16, 2018
- ↑ AUDI AG locations worldwide> Münchsmünster at audi-mediacenter.com, accessed on March 4, 2019
- ↑ AUDI AG locations worldwide> Neckarsulm at audi.com, accessed on December 16, 2018
- ↑ AUDI AG locations worldwide> Brussels at audi.com, accessed on December 16, 2018
- ↑ AUDI AG locations worldwide> Kaluga on audi.com, accessed on December 16, 2018
- ↑ AUDI AG locations worldwide> Bratislava at audi.com, accessed on December 16, 2018
- ↑ AUDI AG locations worldwide> Martorell at audi.com, accessed on March 4, 2019
- ↑ AUDI AG locations worldwide> Győr at audi.com, accessed on December 16, 2018
- ↑ Audi Hungaria, Profile> Products> Engines.
- ↑ Audi Hungaria, Profile> Products> Vehicles.
- ↑ AUDI AG locations worldwide> Beijing at audi.com, accessed on December 16, 2018
- ↑ AUDI AG locations worldwide> Changchun at audi.com, accessed on December 16, 2018
- ↑ AUDI AG locations worldwide> Foshan at audi.com, accessed on December 16, 2018
- ↑ AUDI AG locations worldwide> Tianjin at audi.com, accessed on November 8, 2019
- ↑ AUDI AG locations worldwide> Qingdao on audi.com, accessed on October 16, 2019
- ↑ AUDI AG locations worldwide> Tianjin at audi.com, accessed on November 8, 2019
- ↑ AUDI AG locations worldwide> Aurangabad at audi.com, accessed on December 16, 2018
- ↑ AUDI AG locations worldwide> San José Chiapa at audi.com, accessed on December 16, 2018
- ↑ Audi creates more new jobs than planned. In: Handelsblatt , April 9, 2012.
- ↑ AUDI AG locations worldwide> Curitiba at audi.com, accessed on December 16, 2018
- ↑ Audi Group brand holdings on audi.com, accessed on December 16, 2018
- ↑ a b Facts and Figures Automobili Lamborghini SpA on audi-mediacenter.com, accessed on December 16, 2018
- ↑ a b Facts and Figures Ducati Motor Holding SpA ( Memento of the original from December 17, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at audi-mediacenter.com, accessed December 16, 2018
- ↑ a b Facts and Figures Italdesign Giugiaro SpA on audi-mediacenter.com, accessed on March 5, 2019
- ↑ Annual Report 2016 ( Memento from June 16, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Annual Report 2012 ( Memento of July 10, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Annual Report 2007 ( Memento from September 20, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Audi: strongest sales growth of all time ( memento from December 11, 2012 in the web archive archive.today )
- ^ Federal Motor Transport Authority (KBA).
- ^ Hans Christoph von Seherr-Thoss : The German automobile industry. Documentation from 1886 until today . Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart 1974, ISBN 3-421-02284-4 , p. 328 .
- ↑ Désirée Linde: What's next with Hoeneß? In: Handelsblatt . June 3, 2013, accessed June 3, 2013 .
- ↑ https://dotesports.com/business/news/astralis-esports-audi-sponsorship-4468
- ↑ Cultural sponsorship ( Memento from March 3, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ https://www.audi-technology-portal.de/de/mobilitaet-der-zukunft/audi-future-lab-mobility/audi-urban-future/audi-urban-future-award
- ↑ Terror of the Robots. In: Spiegel Online . April 14, 2004, accessed February 28, 2015 .
- ↑ IMCDB Vehicles in I, Robot, motion picture, of 2004.
- ↑ Google Lunar Xprize: Audi is now also making the moon the Land of Quattro. In: HORIZONT. Retrieved April 25, 2016 .
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